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甘藍：血液垃圾清潔工、天然養(yǎng)胃菜以及相關(guān)研究 諸平 對于甘藍(Brassica Oleracea)大家并不陌生，但是對于甘藍的妙用并非人人皆知，據(jù)“道醫(yī)學(xué)堂”等網(wǎng)站的相關(guān)報道，甘藍竟然是血液垃圾的清潔工，不僅如此，而且是天然養(yǎng)胃菜，故特別摘引如下，僅供參考。由PubMed數(shù)據(jù)庫1970-2017年的文獻變化也可以略知一二（后面附有甘藍研究高引論文以及世界范圍內(nèi)甘藍研究分布圖）。
 有一句俗語：“人與動脈同壽”，意思是：如果人體的動脈被堵塞、硬化，人離死就不遠了。網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有一種說法：人的骨骼大約可用200年，但中國人的心腦血管平均使用年限目前大約為75年。要健康長壽，首要任務(wù)的確是讓動脈血管能多用幾年。 血管是否健康關(guān)系到人的壽命長短，而在家常菜里有一種蔬菜，被譽為“血栓斑塊清道夫”，它就是圓白菜。 適宜人群：所有人，特別適合孕婦和消化道潰瘍患者。 用量：一次食用70g（圓白菜切一半） 圓白菜90%都是水分，滿滿水溶性維生素，血液的垃圾清理工，斑塊最怕它！ 圓白菜在世界衛(wèi)生組織推薦的最佳食物中排名第三，和其他蔬菜的不同在于，它約90%的成份為水，這個水分和白開水不同的是：圓白菜里面這種水分里面富含有水溶性維生素C。 其豐富的膳食纖維、胡蘿卜素，可降膽固醇、幫助血壓更加穩(wěn)定，防止動脈粥樣硬化。是動脈硬化患者、肥胖者的輔助食療菜品。所以，圓白菜就是血液的垃圾清理工。  一、天然養(yǎng)胃菜：修復(fù)胃黏膜 圓白菜，學(xué)名甘藍。道醫(yī)認為，甘藍味甘、性平、無毒，入胃、腎二經(jīng)。圓白菜中含有大量的維生素B1、B2、C、U、纖維素、碳水化合物及各種礦物質(zhì)，其中維生素U對胃潰瘍及十二指腸潰瘍病變處具有修復(fù)作用。 圓白菜也被譽為天然“養(yǎng)胃菜”，不僅能預(yù)防胃潰瘍、保護并修復(fù)胃黏膜，還可以保持胃部細胞的正常功能，降低病變的幾率。 二、富含維生素 卷心菜中含有豐富的維生素C、維生素E、胡蘿卜素等，總的維生素含量比番茄多出3倍，因此，具有很強的抗氧化作用及抗衰老的功效。 圓白菜的防衰老、抗氧化的效果與蘆筍、菜花同樣處在較高的水平。 富含葉酸 卷心菜富含葉酸，而葉酸對巨幼細胞貧血和胎兒畸形有很好的預(yù)防作用，因此，懷孕婦女、貧血患者及生長發(fā)育時期的兒童、青少年應(yīng)該多吃。 刺激生成有益酶 卷心菜中含有豐富的蘿卜硫素。這種物質(zhì)能刺激人體細胞產(chǎn)生對身體有益的酶，進而形成一層對抗外來致癌物侵蝕的保護膜。 蘿卜硫素是迄今為止所發(fā)現(xiàn)的蔬菜中最強的對抗癌癥成分。關(guān)于甘藍的防癌作用可以瀏覽： Cancer preventive properties of varieties of Brassica oleracea: a review; Bioactive organosulfur phytochemicals in Brassica oleracea vegetables—areview 殺菌、消炎 新鮮的卷心菜有殺菌、消炎的作用。咽喉疼痛、外傷腫痛、胃痛、牙痛時，可以將卷心菜榨汁后飲下或涂于患處。 殺死白細胞 卷心菜含有豐富的異硫氰酸丙酯衍生體，能殺死人體內(nèi)導(dǎo)致白血病的異常細胞。 治療潰瘍 卷心菜富含維生素U，這是一種“潰瘍愈合因子”。維生素U對潰瘍有很好的治療作用，能加速潰瘍的愈合，還能預(yù)防胃潰瘍惡變。 圓白菜最好用手撕，而不用刀切 用手把葉片全部拆散，去掉大梗，耐心地撕成大約3厘米見方的塊。 這樣，每個葉片能夠充分地受熱，互相遮蓋還有恰如其分的保溫效應(yīng)，炒出來才會軟硬適度，獲得最佳口感。 切記，清炒圓白菜過程，不宜炒太久，以免吃起來干，這樣90%的生物活性水就白白流失了哦！ 健康就像一座天平，天平的一端是飲食習(xí)慣，天平的另一端就是健康。對健康來說，食物的種類充當(dāng)著一個極為重要的角色，一些對人體健康非常有益的食物對您的健康會達到事半功倍的效果。 關(guān)于甘藍的一些高引論文（被引頻次>200次） Organization of a plant‐arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats: the fauna of collards (Brassica oleracea) RB Root - Ecological monographs, 1973 - Wiley Online Library Abstract Collards were grown at Ithaca, New York, in two experimental habitats: pure stands and single rows that were bounded on each side by diverse, meadow vegetation. The arthropods associated with these plants were sampled on 20 dates over a 3—year period. Molecular cloning of a putative receptor protein kinase gene encoded at the self-incompatibility locus of Brassica oleracea JC Stein, B Howlett, DC Boyes… - Proceedings of the …, 1991 - National Acad Sciences Abstract Self-recognition between pollen and stigma during pollination in Brassica oleracea is genetically controlled by the multiallelic self-incompatibility locus (S). We describe the S receptor kinase (SRK) gene, a previously uncharacterized gene that resides at the S locus. Transformation of Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the expression of the bar and neo genes in the transgenic plants M De Block, D De Brouwer, P Tenning - Plant Physiology, 1989 - Am Soc Plant Biol Abstract An efficient and largely genotype-independent transformation method for Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea was established based on neo or bar as selectable marker genes. Hypocotyl explants of Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea cultivars were infected Amino-acid sequence of glycoproteins encoded by three alleles of the S locus ofBrassica oleracea JB Nasrallah, TH Kao, CH Chen, ML Goldberg… - Nature, 1987 - adsabs. Abstract The pollen-stigma interaction of self-incompatibility in the mustard family Brassicaceae is controlled by the S locus. Nearly fifty allelic variants at this locus control the specificity of this interaction. Identity of alleles in pollen and stigma results in an incompatible A cDNA clone encoding an S-locus-specific glycoprotein from Brassica oleracea JB Nasrallah, TH Kao, ML Goldberg, ME Nasrallah - Nature, 1985 - adsabs. Abstract The pollen-stigma interaction resulting in self-incompatibility in the cruciferous plant Brassica has been correlated with glycoproteins that display polymorphisms in all S genotypes examined. A complementary DNA clone encoding these glycoproteins has been The influence of environment on leaf wax development in Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera EA Baker - New Phytologist, 1974 - Wiley Online Library S ummary The influence of environmental conditions on the epicuticular waxes of the normal and four mutant forms of brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) has been studied. An increase in radiant energy rate, a decrease in humidity or a decrease in Bioactive organosulfur phytochemicals in Brassica oleracea vegetables—a review GS Stoewsand - Food and chemical toxicology, 1995 - Elsevier Sulfur-containing phytochemicals of two different kinds are present in all Brassica oleracea (Cruciferae) vegetables (cabbage, broccoli, etc.). They are glucosinolates (previously called thioglucosides) and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide. These compounds, which are derived in Comparative mapping of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleraceachromosomes reveals islands of conserved organization. SP Kowalski, TH Lan, KA Feldmann, AH Paterson - Genetics, 1994 - Genetics Soc America Abstract The chromosomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea have been extensively rearranged since the divergence of these species; however, conserved regions are evident. Eleven regions of conserved organization were detected, ranging from 3.7 to Linkage arrangement of restriction fragment length polymorphism loci in Brassica oleracea MK Slocum, SS Figdore, WC Kennard… - Theoretical and Applied …, 1990 - Springer Summary A detailed genetic linkage map of Brassica oleracea was constructed based on the segregation of 258 restriction fragment length polymorphism loci in a broccoli× cabbage F 2 population. The genetic markers defined nine linkage groups, covering 820 Comparative genomics of Brassica oleracea and Arabidopsis thaliana reveal gene loss, fragmentation, and dispersal after polyploidy CD Town, F Cheung, R Maiti, J Crabtree, BJ Haas… - The Plant …, 2006 - Am Soc Plant Biol Abstract We sequenced 2.2 Mb representing triplicated genome segments of Brassica oleracea, which are each paralogous with one another and homologous with a segmentally duplicated region of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Sequence annotation identified 177 Characterization of genetic identities and relationships of Brassica oleracea L. via a random amplified polymorphic DNA assay S Kresovich, JGK Williams, JR McFerson… - Theoretical and Applied …, 1992 - Springer Summary Effective conservation and the use of plant genetic resources are essential for future agricultural progress. Critical to this conservation effort is the development of genetic markers which not only distinguish individuals and accessions but also reflect the inherent Carotene, tocopherol, and ascorbate contents in subspecies of Brassica oleracea AC Kurilich, GJ Tsau, A Brown, L Howard… - Journal of Agricultural …, 1999 - ACS Publications Cruciferous vegetables contain high levels of vitamins that can act as antioxidants, compounds that may protect against several degenerative diseases. The edible portions of 50 broccoli and 13 cabbage, kale, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts accessions were Cancer preventive properties of varieties of Brassica oleracea: a review. CW Beecher - The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1994 - Am Soc Nutrition Abstract Cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and other members of the genus Brassica have been widely regarded as potentially cancer preventative. This view is often based on both experimental testing of crude extracts and epidemiological data. The experimental SF Kianian, CF Quiros - Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1992 - Springer Summary A composite linkage map of Brassica oleracea was developed from maps of four different populations, derived from 108 DNA, isozyme and morphological loci covering over 747 centimorgans in 11 linkage groups. Of these linkage groups, 8 were assigned to their Comparison of RAPD and RFLP genetic markers in determining genetic similarity among Brassica oleracea L. genotypes JB Dos Santos, J Nienhuis, P Skroch, J Tivang… - Theoretical and Applied …, 1994 - Springer Abstract Genetic similarity among 45 Brassica Oleracea genotypes was compared using two molecular markers, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The genotypes included 37 broccolis (var. italica), five Rapid induction by wounding and bacterial infection of an S gene family receptor-like kinase gene in Brassica oleracea. M Pastuglia, D Roby, C Dumas, JM Cock - The Plant Cell, 1997 - Am Soc Plant Biol Abstract A receptor-like kinase, SRK, has been implicated in the autoincompatible response that leads to the rejection of self-pollen in Brassica plants. SRK is encoded by one member of a multigene family, which includes several receptor-like kinase genes with patterns of 被引用次數(shù)：219 相關(guān)文章 所有 8 個版本 引用 保存 甘藍世界研究分布圖
甘藍研究國家排序 美國第一，中國第二，英國第三，日本第四，德國第五，其余見下表：
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