清·乾隆時(shí)期的七星劍

標(biāo)題：清·乾隆時(shí)期的七星劍

作者：-

日期：18世紀(jì) 清朝 乾隆年間

館藏：英國(guó)皇家軍械庫(kù)博物館

地理：中國(guó)

材質(zhì)：骨頭、銅合金、黑色金屬、漆器、銀、紡織品、木材

尺寸：整體長(zhǎng)度（含劍鞘）：107.5 厘米；重量（含劍鞘）：1.56 千克；劍刃長(zhǎng)度：84.5 厘米；劍鞘長(zhǎng)度：87.7 厘米；

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這把劍裝飾華麗，劍刃上有篆書(shū)銘文，表明它是乾隆年間（1736-1796 年）制造的。然而，劍的款式和做工水平表明其制作時(shí)間較晚。

This flamboyantly decorated sword has seal character inscriptions on the blade declaring that it made in the reign of the Emperor Qianlong (1736–1796). However, the style of the sword and the workmanship suggest a later date of production.

此劍為直刃雙刃劍，劍身內(nèi)側(cè)有脊，兩側(cè)飾有銀色覆蓋裝飾，覆蓋在交叉區(qū)域。其中一面刻有四位優(yōu)雅的女性形象，而另一面則刻有四位憤怒的神靈，表明受到佛教圖像的影響。銀色覆蓋裝飾還包括篆書(shū)銘文，表明此劍屬于乾隆皇帝時(shí)期，兩側(cè)劍尖附近都有龍和七星座。所有這些面板都鑲嵌在劍刃邊緣的火焰邊框內(nèi)。向上彎曲的護(hù)手、劍柄和握柄上下的帶子都是黃銅的，上面雕刻著卷起的龍和云朵。握柄覆蓋著骨頭，一面淺淺地雕刻著男性人物，另一面淺淺地雕刻著女性人物，用暗線勾勒出來(lái)；這兩個(gè)人物都位于丘陵和山脈的景觀之上，下面是花冠。

The sword has a straight, double edged blade with a medial ridge, decorated on both sides with panels of silver overlay decoration applied to cross-hatched areas. One side shows four graceful female figures, while on the other four wrathful deities indicate the influence of Buddhist iconography. The silver overlay decoration also includes the seal character inscription declaring the sword to belong to the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, dragons and the seven star constellation located near the tip of the blade on both sides. All these panels are set within a flaming border running around the edge of the blade. The upward curving guard, pommel and bands above and below the grip are of brass, engraved with stylised furling dragons against clouds. The grip is covered in bone, with shallow engravings of a male figure on one side and a female figure on the other picked out in dark lines; both figures are positioned above a landscape of hills and mountains, underneath a canopy of flowers.

劍鞘為深色漆木，配有黃銅支架，包括劍口、劍鞘和懸掛帶；所有這些都刻有龍和花，風(fēng)格與劍柄配件相匹配。劍鞘上附有一根懸掛繩，由棕色和藍(lán)色編織而成，帶有兩個(gè)流蘇。

The scabbard is of dark lacquered wood, with brass mounts including the mouth, chape, and suspension bands; all of these are engraved with dragons and flowers in a style which matches the hilt fittings of the sword. There is a suspension cord attached, of brown and blue braid with two tassels.

劍刃上的篆書(shū)銘文似乎表明這把劍是在乾隆皇帝（1736 - 1795）的宮廷中制作的，這把劍和其他類(lèi)似的劍在過(guò)去被描述為“宮廷劍”。然而，劍的做工和外觀似乎沒(méi)有達(dá)到足夠高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因此不可能確定年代。這把劍和其他地方發(fā)現(xiàn)的類(lèi)似劍更有可能是晚清（即 19 世紀(jì)末）或更晚的產(chǎn)物。劍（直的雙刃劍）繼續(xù)作為中國(guó)人身份的重要象征，象征著高等級(jí)和地位，即使它已被單刃的彎刀從唐代開(kāi)始作為實(shí)用軍事用途的首選劍所取代。因此，在晚清時(shí)期，劍仍在制作；到那時(shí)，它們主要被用作裝飾品或被外國(guó)消費(fèi)者當(dāng)作奇珍異寶。

The inscription in seal characters on the blade seems to suggest that this sword was produced at the court of the Qianlong Emperor (1736 - 1795), and this sword and others very like it have been described as 'court swords' in the past. However, the workmanship and appearance of the sword do not present as being of a sufficiently high standard for this dating to be likely. It seems more probable that this sword and similar pieces identified elsewhere date to the late Qing dynasty (i.e. late 19th century), or perhaps even later. The jian (straight, double-edged sword) continued to resonate as an important symbol of Chinese identity and signified high rank and status, even after it had been mostly supplanted by the single-edged, curved dao as the preferred sword for practical military use from the Tang dynasty onwards. Thus jian were still being produced in the late Qing era; by this point they were largely intended to function as decorative objects or to be acquired as curiosities by foreign consumers.

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清·乾隆時(shí)期的七星劍

清·乾隆時(shí)期的七星劍

清·乾隆時(shí)期的七星劍

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