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?? 大家好,我是編程小哥,技術專欄30萬+訂閱,前互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大廠高級工程師,現(xiàn)任某創(chuàng)業(yè)公司CTO。 想用Python開發(fā)一個能在手機、電腦、平板上都能運行的應用?Kivy就是你的不二選擇!今天就帶大家一起探索這個強大的UI框架! Kivy的跨平臺神技1. 簡潔的應用框架from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.button import Button
class MyFirstApp(App):
def build(self):
return Button(text='Hello Kivy!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyFirstApp().run()看到?jīng)]?短短幾行代碼,一個跨平臺應用就誕生了!這就是Kivy的魅力 - 簡單但強大! 2. 聲明式界面設計# main.py
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty, ReferenceListProperty
from kivy.vector import Vector
class PongGame(Widget):
ball_velocity_x = NumericProperty(0)
ball_velocity_y = NumericProperty(0)
ball_velocity = ReferenceListProperty(ball_velocity_x, ball_velocity_y)
class PongApp(App):
def build(self):
return PongGame()
# pong.kv:
canvas:
Rectangle:
pos: self.center_x - 5, 0
size: 10, self.height
Label:
font_size: 70
center_x: root.width / 4
top: root.top - 50
text: "0"
Label:
font_size: 70
center_x: root.width * 3 / 4
top: root.top - 50
text: "0"3. 強大的觸摸支持from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.properties import ListProperty
class TouchTracker(Widget):
points = ListProperty([])
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
self.points.append(touch.pos)
def on_touch_move(self, touch):
self.points.append(touch.pos)
def on_touch_up(self, touch):
print('觸摸結束')Kivy特色功能:- 多點觸控支持 - 手勢識別 - GPU加速 - 原生控件實戰(zhàn)案例:繪圖應用from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.graphics import Color, Ellipse, Line
class DrawingWidget(Widget):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.line_color = (1, 0, 0, 1) # 紅色
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
with self.canvas:
Color(*self.line_color)
d = 10
Ellipse(pos=(touch.x - d/2, touch.y - d/2), size=(d, d))
touch.ud['line'] = Line(points=(touch.x, touch.y))
def on_touch_move(self, touch):
touch.ud['line'].points += [touch.x, touch.y]
class DrawingApp(App):
def build(self):
return DrawingWidget()
if __name__ == '__main__':
DrawingApp().run()提示:在移動設備上開發(fā)時,要特別注意觸摸事件的處理!高級特性展示1. 動畫系統(tǒng)from kivy.animation import Animation
def animate_widget(widget):
anim = Animation(pos=(100, 100), duration=1) + Animation(size=(200, 200), duration=1)
anim.start(widget)2. 自定義控件from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
class CustomButton(Button):
info = StringProperty('')
def on_press(self):
print(f'按鈕被點擊: {self.info}')
# kv文件中使用:
size_hint: None, None
size: 200, 50
background_color: 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1Kivy開發(fā)最佳實踐使用kv語言設計界面 合理處理屏幕適配 注意性能優(yōu)化 做好事件處理 核心提示:合理使用kv語言可以讓界面代碼更加清晰易維護!?? 點贊+收藏,Kivy開發(fā)干貨不斷!?? 有問題?評論區(qū)一起討論
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