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故宮，又叫紫禁城，是明清兩代的宮廷，又叫北京紫禁城，是五百年前遺留的最完全的文物古跡。坐落于北京中軸線的核心，是古代中國皇宮建造之精粹。其平面為凹形，宏偉壯麗。午門后有五座精巧的漢白玉拱橋通往太和門。東門名東華門，西門名西華門，北門名神武門。 The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, was the palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, also known as the Beijing Forbidden City. It is the most complete cultural relic left over 500 years ago...
故宮的四個城角都有精巧玲瓏的角樓，角樓高27.5米，十字屋脊，三重檐迭出，四面亮山，多角交錯，是結(jié)構(gòu)奇麗的建筑。每扇門的門釘是橫九路、豎九路，一共是九九八十一個釘。九是陽數(shù)之極，是陽數(shù)里最大的，象征帝王最高的地位。
The four corners of the Forbidden City all have exquisite and exquisite turrets, with a height of 27.5 meters, a cross roof ridge, three overlapping eaves, four sides of bright mountains, and multiple corners, making them a structure of marvelous beauty. 午門是正門，又稱五鳳樓。是中國古代大門中最高級的形式。午門是皇帝下詔書、下令出征的地方。每遇宣讀皇帝圣旨，頒發(fā)年歷書，文武百官都要齊集午門前廣場聽旨。古代皇帝的寶座講究面南背北，或者說坐北朝南，南向是正向。The Meridian Gate is the main gate, also known as the Five Phoenix Tower. It is the most advanced form of gate in ancient China. The Meridian Gate was the place where the emperor issued an imperial edict and ordered the expedition.
午門從外面看，有三個門洞，中間的最大的門，以下三種人進(jìn)出：1? Exclusive access for emperors;
2?皇帝大婚那天，皇后可以進(jìn)，只限于大婚那一天（清朝只有五個皇后是從午門中間的大門抬進(jìn)來的）；2? On the day of the emperor's wedding, empresses can enter, only on the day of the wedding (only five empresses in the Qing Dynasty were carried in through the gate in the middle of the Meridian Gate);
3?狀元、榜眼和探花，高中之后從正門出，只此一次。3? Top scorers, top scorers, and explorers, who left the main entrance after high school, only once.
文武大臣上朝從左側(cè)門進(jìn)出，宗室王公從右側(cè)門進(jìn)出。The Minister of Culture and Military Affairs enters and exits from the left door in the upper court, and the royal princes enter and exit from the right door.
午門正面除了三個門洞之外，左右還有兩個城臺，從城臺進(jìn)來，有個掖門，就是暗門，所以背面看有五個門洞，明三暗五。平時掖門不開，有重大活動時候才開，大臣從掖門進(jìn)皇宮。In addition to the three door openings on the front of the Meridian Gate, there are also two city gates on the left and right. Entering from the city gate, there is a hidden gate, which is a hidden gate. Therefore, when viewed from the back, there are five door openings, three bright and five dark. 
午門前面有三個門，分別是端門、天安門（明朝叫承天門）、大清門（明朝叫大明門）；后面有一個門叫太和門。In front of the Meridian Gate, there are three gates: the Duan Gate, the Tian'an Gate (called Chengtian Gate in the Ming Dynasty), and the Da Qing Gate (called Da Ming Gate in the Ming Dynasty); There is a door behind it called the Taihe Gate.
紫禁城北門“神武門”，明朝時為“玄武門”，玄武為古代四神獸之一，從方位上講，左青龍，右白虎，前朱雀，后玄武，玄武主北方，所以帝王宮殿的北宮門多取名“玄武”。The "Shenwu Gate" at the north gate of the Forbidden City was known as the "Xuanwu Gate" during the Ming Dynasty. Xuanwu was one of the four sacred beasts in ancient times. In terms of orientation, left Qinglong, right Baihu, front Zhuque, and rear Xuanwu dominated the north, so the north gate of the imperial palace was often named "Xuanwu".
清康熙年間為了避開康熙皇帝玄燁的名諱，改叫神武門。這不是李世民發(fā)動“玄武門事變”的玄武門，李世民這個玄武門在陜西的北極宮的北宮門，也叫玄武門。神武門在形制上要比午門低一個等級。神武門是宮內(nèi)日常出入的門禁?，F(xiàn)神武門為故宮博物院正門?！ ?/span>During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Emperor Xuanye, the name was changed to Shenwu Gate. This is not the Xuanwu Gate where Li Shimin launched the "Xuanwu Gate Incident".
神武門是皇帝和后宮的太后、皇后、嬪妃門進(jìn)出重要之門?；实蹚臒岷有袑m或圓明園回宮都從這個門進(jìn)來。The Shenwu Gate is an important entrance for the empress dowager, empress, and concubines of the emperor and harem. The emperor came in through this door from Rehe Palace or Yuanmingyuan Palace.
三、東華門東華門與西華門遙相對應(yīng)，門外設(shè)有下馬碑石，門內(nèi)金水河南北流向，上架石橋1座，橋北為三座門。The Donghua Gate and the Xihua Gate correspond remotely. There are dismounted steles outside the gate. The golden water inside the gate flows from the south to the north. There is one stone bridge on the upper shelf, and there are three gates to the north of the bridge.
東華門與西華門形制相同，平面矩形，紅色城臺，白玉須彌座，當(dāng)中辟3座券門，券洞外方內(nèi)圓。城臺上建有城樓，黃琉璃瓦重檐廡殿頂，城樓面闊5間，進(jìn)深3間，四周出廊?；实鬯篮笃潇`柩就從東華門運(yùn)出，故俗稱“鬼門”。The Donghua Gate has the same shape as the Xihua Gate, with a rectangular plan, a red city platform, and a white jade Xumizuo. There are three ticket gates in the middle, and the ticket holes are both square and round. On the city platform, there are city towers with yellow glazed tiles and double eaves on the top of the hall...
東華門的門釘有縱9橫8，共72顆門釘，比午門、神武門、西華門的縱9橫9共81顆要少一排。The Donghua Gate has a total of 72 door studs in 9 vertical and 8 horizontal directions, which is one row less than the 81 door studs in the Meridian Gate, Shenwu Gate, and Xihua Gate.
這里有很多解讀，有的說是東華門屬陰門，門釘用陰數(shù)。東華門的門釘比別的門的大，雖然少了一排，看起來也比較協(xié)調(diào)。There are many interpretations here. Some say that the Donghua Gate belongs to the Yin Gate, and the door studs use the Yin number. The door studs of the Donghua Gate are larger than those of other doors. Although they are one row shorter, they also look more harmonious.
四、西華門西華門：故宮的西門，出西華門，皇帝、太后、皇后和嬪妃去皇家園林西苑游玩比較方便。Xihua Gate: The west gate of the Forbidden City. It is convenient for emperors, empresses, empresses, and concubines to visit the Royal Garden Xiyuan outside the Xihua Gate.
故宮紫禁城大門都是實榻門，門板由原木鋸成，一塊塊門板由穿帶連接成整體，門上的門釘，其特點(diǎn)是體量大、防御性強(qiáng)，門板厚度可達(dá)20厘米。由于，實榻門在長期閉合中，連接處容易產(chǎn)生松動，使得穿帶從門板的孔洞中脫落，造成門板散架。The gates of the Forbidden City of the Forbidden City of the Forbidden City are all solid couch doors. The door panels are sawn from logs, and each door panel is connected into a whole by a threading belt.
門釘材料為鐵質(zhì)，體積小、強(qiáng)度高，通過釘入門板與穿帶的連接位置后，約束了門板與穿帶的錯動，因而有利于實榻門的穩(wěn)固。而門釘?shù)尼斆比坎捎脠A形水泡形狀，一方面，凸出的釘帽增加了大門的厚實度和人的安全感;另一方面，圓本身就是一個閉合完美的造型，釘帽的圓泡形狀給人以柔和、圓潤之美。此外，釘帽被做成圓泡狀，也便于門釘?shù)木S修和替換。The door nail material is made of iron, with small volume and high strength. By nailing the connection position between the door plate and the threading belt, the staggered movement of the door plate and the threading belt is restrained, which is conducive to the stability of the actual door.
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