import sys
#print(sys.path)        # 打印環(huán)境變量
print(sys.argv)         # 打印相對(duì)路徑（pycharm顯示絕對(duì)路徑）
print(sys.argv[2])      # 打印索引為2的參數(shù)

import os
#cmd_res = os.system("dir") #執(zhí)行命令，不保存結(jié)果
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# popen()可保存結(jié)果，需調(diào)用read()
cmd_res = os.popen("dir").read()    #read()調(diào)用內(nèi)存結(jié)果，不加則只顯示內(nèi)存對(duì)象地址
print("-->",cmd_res)
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os.mkdir("new_dir") #創(chuàng)建文件夾

_username = 'arfu'
_password = '123456'
username = input("username: ")
#password = getpass.getpass("password:")
password = input("password: ")
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if _username == username and _password == password:
    print("Welcome user {name} login...".format(name=username))
else:
    print("Invalid username or password!")

import login

a = 0
if a:print(a)
#為假不輸出
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a = 1
if a:print(a)
#為真輸出1

a,b,c = 1,3,5
d = a if a >c else c
print(d)
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# 結(jié)果為5
# 同：
>>> if a >b:d=a
... else:a=c
...
>>> a
1

msg = "你好，世界"
print(msg)
print(msg.encode(encoding="utf-8"))
print(msg.encode(encoding="utf-8").decode(encoding="utf-8"))

names = ["A","B","C","D","E"]
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#增
names.append("F")
names.insert(1,"G")
names.insert(3,"L")
names.insert(3,["word,hi"])
#改
names[2] = "GG"
print(names)
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# print(names[0])
# print(names[1:3]) #切片
# print(names[:3]) #切片
# print(names[-3:]) #切片
# print(names[0:-1:2])
# print(names[::2])
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#刪
# names.remove("GG")
# del names[1] # =names.pop(1)
names.pop() #默認(rèn)為最后一個(gè)
print(names)
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#查找
print(names.index("E"))
print(names[names.index("E")])
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#統(tǒng)計(jì)
print(names.count("G"))
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#清除clear()
# names.clear()
# print(names)
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#reverse()反轉(zhuǎn)
names.reverse()
print(names,"reverse()方法")
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#排序 符號(hào)>數(shù)字>大寫字母>小寫字母
names2 = ["#A","2B","1C","D","aE"]
names2.sort()
print(names2)
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# 合并
names.extend(names2)
del names2
print(names)

import copy
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names = ["A","B","C",["word","hi"],"D","E"]
# names2 = names.copy() # 淺copy第一層，二層copy內(nèi)存地址
# names2 = copy.copy(names) # 同列表的copy(),淺copy
names2 = copy.deepcopy(names)
print(names)
print(names2)
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names[2] = "你好"
names[3][0] = "WORD"
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print(names)
print(names2)

import copy
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person=['name',['saving',100]]
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#淺copy方法
"""
p1=copy.copy(person)
p2=person[:]
p3=list(person)
"""
p1=person[:]
p2=person[:]
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p1[0]='zhangsan'
p2[0]='lisi'
p1[1][1]=50
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print(p1)
print(p2)

thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
mylist = list(thislist)
print(mylist)

list1 = ["a", "b" , "c"]
list2 = [1, 2, 3]
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list3 = list1 + list2
print(list3)

names = ["A","B","C",["word","hi"],"D","E"]
print(names[0:-1:2])
print(names[::2])
for i in names:
    print(">>",i)
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str = list(["1","2"])
str += "3"
str += [40]
print(str)
#['1', '2', '3', 40]

product_list = [
    ('Iphone',5800),
    ('Mac Pro',9800),
    ('Bike',8000),
    ('Watch',10600),
    ('Coffee',31),
    ('Ar fu',1),
]
shopping_list = []
salary = input("input your salary:")
if salary.isdigit():
    salary = int(salary)
    while True:
        for index,item in enumerate(product_list):  # 取出下標(biāo)
            # print(product_list.index(item),item)
            print(index,item)
        user_choice =input("選擇要買？>>>:")
        if user_choice.isdigit():
            user_choice = int(user_choice)
            if user_choice < len(product_list) and user_choice >=0:
                p_item = product_list[user_choice]
                if p_item[1] <= salary: #買的起
                    shopping_list.append(p_item)
                    salary -= p_item[1]
                    print("Added %s into shopping cart,your current balance is \033[31;1m%s\033[0m" %(p_item,salary))
                else:
                    print("\033[41;1m你的余額只剩[%s]啦，還買個(gè)毛線\033[0m")
            else:
                print("product code [%s] is not exist!"% user_choice)
        elif user_choice == 'q':
            print("----------shopping list---------")
            for p in shopping_list:
                print(p)
            print("Your current halance:",salary)
            exit()
        else:
            print("invalid option")

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango")
print(thistuple)
print(thistuple[1])
print(thistuple[-1])
print(thistuple[-4:-1])

x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
y = list(x)
y[1] = "kiwi"
x = tuple(y)
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print(x)
#結(jié)果：('apple', 'kiwi', 'cherry')

thistuple = ("apple",)
print(type(thistuple))
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#不是元組
thistuple = ("apple")
print(type(thistuple))

tuple1 = ("a", "b" , "c")
tuple2 = (1, 2, 3)
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tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2
print(tuple3)

thistuple = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) # 請(qǐng)注意雙括號(hào)
print(thistuple)

info = {
    '001':"zhang san",
    '002':"li si",
    '003':"wang wu",
}
print(info)
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#查
print(info['001']) #找不到key會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
print(info.get('005')) #找不到返回None
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#改
info['001'] = "zhao liu" #修改
info['004'] = "qian qi" # 無(wú)則添加
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#del
# del info['004']
info.pop("004")
info.popitem()
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#判斷是否存在
print('001' in info) #info.has_key("001") in py2.x
print(info)

dict = {
    "一":{
        "桌子":["被子","盤子"],
        "車":["鏡子","油箱"]
    },
    "二":{
        "臥室":["床","被子","桌子"],
        "廳":["沙發(fā)","桌子","電視"]
    }
}
print(dict["一"]["桌子"])
dict["一"]["桌子"][1] += "dog"
print(dict["一"]["桌子"])
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print(dict.keys())
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print(dict.values())
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dict.setdefault("三",{"www.baidu.com":[1,2]}) # 有key二，直接返回，沒有則添加后面的值
print(dict)

info = {
    '001':"zhang san",
    '002':"li si",
    '003':"wang wu",
}
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b = {
    '001':"ar fu",
    1:2,
    3:4
}
info.update(b) # 有則更新，無(wú)則加入
# {'001': 'ar fu', '002': 'li si', '003': 'wang wu', 1: 2, 3: 4}
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#fromkeys()
c = dict.fromkeys([6,7,8],[1,{"name":"ar fu"},11])
print(c)
c[7][1]['name'] = "ha ha" # 修改其中一個(gè)其他全改
print(c)
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#items()
print(info.items()) # 返回包含每個(gè)鍵值對(duì)的元組的列表
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#方法一
for i in info:
    print(i,info[i])
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#方法二
for k,v in info.items():
    print(k,v)

data = {
    '北京':{
        "昌平":{
            "沙河":["",""],
            "天通宛":["鏈家地產(chǎn)","我愛我家"]
        },
        "朝陽(yáng)":{
            "望京":["奔馳","陌陌"],
            "國(guó)貿(mào)":["CICC","HP"],
            "東直門":["Advent","飛信"]
        },
        "海淀":{}
    },
    '山東':{
        "德州":{},
        "青島":{},
        "濟(jì)南":{}
    },
    '廣東':{
        "東莞":{},
        "中山":{},
        "佛山":{}
    }
}
exit_flag = False
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while not exit_flag:
    for i in data:
        print(i)
    choice = input("選擇進(jìn)入1》》：")
    if choice in data:
        while not exit_flag:
            for i2 in data[choice]:
                print("\t",i2)
            choice2 = input("選擇進(jìn)入2》》：")
            if choice2 in data[choice]:
                while not exit_flag:
                    for i3 in data[choice][choice2]:
                        print("\t\t",i3)
                    choice3 = input("選擇進(jìn)入3》》：")
                    if choice3 in data[choice][choice2]:
                        for i4 in data[choice][choice2][choice3]:
                            print("\t\t\t",i4)
                        choice4 = input("最后一層，按b返回》》：")
                        if choice4 in data[choice][choice2][choice3]:
                            print("你選擇的地址為：",choice,choice2,choice3,choice4)
                        if choice4 == "b":
                            pass
                        elif choice4 == "q":
                                exit_flag = True
                    if choice3 == "b":
                        break
                    elif choice3 == "q":
                            exit_flag = True
            if choice2 == "b":
                break
            elif choice2 == "q":
                exit_flag = True

name = "my \tname is ar fu name"
name2 = "my \tname is {name} and i am {year}"
print(name.capitalize()) #首字符轉(zhuǎn)換為大寫
print(name.count("a"))
print(name.casefold())  #把字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為小寫。
print(name.encode())    #轉(zhuǎn)化位二進(jìn)制
print(name.center(50,"-")) #返回字符串居中,并使用空格填充至長(zhǎng)度 width 的新字符串。默認(rèn)填充字符為空格。
print(name.endswith("fu")) # 如果字符串以指定值結(jié)尾，則返回 true。
print(name.expandtabs(tabsize=20)) # 設(shè)置字符串的 tab 尺寸。
print(name.find('name'))
print(name.rfind('name'))
print(name[name.find("name"):]) #在字符串中搜索指定的值并返回它被找到的位置。
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print(name2.format(name='arfu',year=23))
print(name2.format_map( {'name':'arfu','year':'23'} ))
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print("ab123".isalnum()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是字母數(shù)字，則返回 True
print("ab".isalpha()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都在字母表中，則返回 True
print("1.223".isdecimal()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是小數(shù)，則返回 True
print("123".isdigit()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是數(shù)字，則返回 True
print()
print("1a".isidentifier()) # 如果字符串是標(biāo)識(shí)符，則返回 True
print("33A".isnumeric()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是數(shù)，則返回 True。
print(" ".isspace()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是空白字符，則返回 True
print('My Name Is'.istitle()) #如果字符串遵循標(biāo)題規(guī)則，則返回 True。
print()
print('My Name Is'.isprintable()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是可打印的，則返回 True
print('My Name Is'.isupper()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是大寫，則返回 True。
print('abc'.islower()) #如果字符串中的所有字符都是小寫，則返回 True。
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print('+'.join(['1','2','3'])) #把可迭代對(duì)象的元素連接到字符串的末尾。
print('name'.ljust(10,'*')) #返回字符串的左對(duì)齊版本。不夠10用*補(bǔ)齊
print('name'.rjust(10,'-')) #
print('Arfu'.lower()) # 把字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為小寫。
print('Arfu'.upper()) #把字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為大寫。
print('\nArfu'.lstrip())
print('Arfu\n'.rstrip())
print('Arfu'.strip())
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p = str.maketrans("abcdefg",'1234567') #返回在轉(zhuǎn)換中使用的轉(zhuǎn)換表。
print('arfu'.translate(p)) #返回被轉(zhuǎn)換的字符串。
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txt = "I could eat bananas all day, bananas are my favorite fruit"
print(txt.partition("bananas")) #partition() 方法搜索指定的字符串，并將該字符串拆分為包含三個(gè)元素的元組。
print(txt.rpartition("bananas")) #從右開始指定字符串，并將該字符串拆分為包含三個(gè)元素的元組。
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print('1+2+3+4'.split('+'))
print('1+2 \n+3 \n+4'.rsplit(' ',1)) #在換行符處拆分字符串并返回列表。
print('1+2\n+3\n+4'.splitlines()) #在換行符處拆分字符串并返回列表。
print('1+2\n+3\n+4'.splitlines(True)) #在換行符處拆分字符串并返回列表。保留分隔符
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print('Ar fu'.swapcase()) #切換大小寫，小寫成為大寫，反之亦然。
print('ar fu'.title()) # 把每個(gè)單詞的首字符轉(zhuǎn)換為大寫。
print('ar fu'.zfill(10)) #在字符串的開頭填充指定數(shù)量的 0 值。