那么,HFD如何激活aPVT中CaMKIIα陽性神經(jīng)呢?
他們首先發(fā)現(xiàn)了HFD會引起aPVT中Iba-1陽性小膠質(zhì)細胞數(shù)量的顯著升高,說明HFD誘導了aPVT的炎癥。并且,這些Iba-1陽性小膠質(zhì)細胞與c-fos陽性CaMKIIα陽性神經(jīng)廣泛相接觸。
隨后,他們使用了PLX3397或抗-CSF-1抗體以抑制小膠質(zhì)細胞的增殖,發(fā)現(xiàn)HFD小鼠aPVT中的c-fos陽性神經(jīng)元興奮性被抑制,且強迫性覓糖行為隨之也被抑制。這些結(jié)果說明:HFD所誘導的aPVT中小膠質(zhì)細胞增生導致的炎癥,是小鼠強迫性攝食的主要原因。
總而言之,大腦aPVT炎癥所導致的覓食調(diào)控神經(jīng)細胞的異?;钴S,在強迫性覓食行為中具有關(guān)鍵作用。
從生物進化的視角來看,在食物短缺的情況下,HFD誘導的aPVT適應性反應對動物的生存非常重要;然而,在當今人類社會,發(fā)達國家及部分發(fā)展中國家食物普遍過剩的情況下,人類大腦仍舊保留著饑荒年代對高熱量食物的渴望,機體就會被強迫性覓食行為“劫持”而導致肥胖。由此可知,減少高脂飲食,絕對是阻止體重“滾雪球”的首要原則!
參考資料:
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