中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)

 2021-12-15 14:36

12月14日，國(guó)家文物局召開“考古中國(guó)”重大項(xiàng)目重要進(jìn)展工作會(huì)，通報(bào)陜西西安江村大墓等3項(xiàng)重要考古成果。

A large-scale mausoleum in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi province, has been identified as belonging to Emperor Wendi of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-AD 25), the National Cultural Heritage Administration announced.
國(guó)家文物局通報(bào)，位于陜西省西安市的一處大型陵墓確認(rèn)為漢文帝霸陵。

【詞匯講解】

這里的mausoleum，讀作[?m?s??li?m]，一般指“（埋葬遺體的）大型陵墓，陵寢”等，比如：中山陵（Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Mausoleum），秦始皇陵（Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor）等，由此可以看出，mausoleum一般指“規(guī)模比較大、有歷史或紀(jì)念意義的陵墓”。

另外，Shaanxi并不是拼寫錯(cuò)誤，而是在英語中為了跟Shanxi（山西）區(qū)別開來而采取的特殊的拼寫方式。

The mausoleum, located in Jiangcun village on the eastern outskirts of Xi'an, is surrounded by more than 100 ancient tombs and outer burial pits. Excavation has been carried out in the area since 2017, with numerous relics unearthed including dressed pottery figurines, crossbows, and official seals.
該陵墓位于西安市東郊的江村，四周發(fā)現(xiàn)100多座外藏坑。發(fā)掘工作從2017年開始，出土了陶俑、弩、官印等大量文物。

此前的史料一直記載，江村大墓以北兩公里的鳳凰嘴是漢文帝霸陵的所在地。

However, archaeologists did not find any signs of construction in Fenghuangzui during their investigation and concluded that the area is nothing more than a naturally formed loess ridge.
然而，考古人員勘探后在鳳凰嘴沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何建筑遺跡，認(rèn)為那里只是一道自然黃土梁。

江村大墓的形制、規(guī)模均符合西漢最高等級(jí)墓葬規(guī)格（the top-class mausoleum in terms of structure and scale），加之其周邊分布竇皇后陵、薄太后陵，專家確認(rèn)江村大墓為漢文帝霸陵。

國(guó)家文物局通報(bào)的另外兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目分別是，隋唐洛陽城正平坊遺址，以及在甘肅武威發(fā)現(xiàn)的唐代吐谷渾王族墓葬的最新研究成果。

隋唐洛陽城正平坊遺址

The site, measuring 533.6 meters in length and 464.6 meters in width, reflects the traditional Chinese philosophy on city planning, and is of great significance to studying the political system and social life during the dynasty, according to the NCHA.
正平坊遺址東西寬464.6米，南北長(zhǎng)533.6米，體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)的城市規(guī)劃思想，此次考古發(fā)掘，對(duì)唐代政治制度史和社會(huì)生活史的研究具有重要價(jià)值。

唐代吐谷渾王族墓葬

The complex possesses the only well-preserved tomb of the Tuyuhun royals discovered so far. Over 800 pieces of objects including textiles and pottery figurines found in the tomb have been preserved through laboratory methods.
此處墓葬是目前發(fā)現(xiàn)唯一保存完整的吐谷渾王族墓葬，考古清理保護(hù)了紡織品、彩繪陶俑等各類隨葬品800余件。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

文物保護(hù)和科技創(chuàng)新 preservation of cultural relics and related technological innovation

文物保護(hù)利用 protection and utilization of cultural relics

文化資源整合 integration of cultural resources

考古能力建設(shè) archaeological capacity building

編輯：Helen