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本文講的是aglient芯片原始數(shù)據(jù)的處理，參考資料是limma 的userguide文檔。GEO數(shù)據(jù)庫下載的表達(dá)矩陣不符合預(yù)期，比如是空的，或者是有負(fù)值的，那我們就處理一下它的原始數(shù)據(jù)。aglient的芯片應(yīng)用也很廣泛，舉個OSCC的栗子：GSE23558，跟著學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)。 1.下載和讀取數(shù)據(jù)1.1獲取臨床信息數(shù)據(jù)從前，提到GEO數(shù)據(jù)下載，我們只有GEOquery，神功蓋世，但是死于網(wǎng)速。后來就有了中國人寄幾的GEO鏡像，AnnoProbe包。還沒有正式發(fā)表，就已經(jīng)初露鋒芒了，因簡單易學(xué)，下載迅速，在我們的粉絲圈子里很受歡迎。 rm(list = ls())
library(stringr)
library(AnnoProbe)
library(GEOquery)
library(limma)
gse = "GSE23558"
geoChina(gse)
## you can also use getGEO from GEOquery, by
## getGEO("GSE23558", destdir=".", AnnotGPL = F, getGPL = F)
## $GSE23558_series_matrix.txt.gz
## ExpressionSet (storageMode: lockedEnvironment)
## assayData: 41000 features, 32 samples
## element names: exprs
## protocolData: none
## phenoData
## sampleNames: GSM577914 GSM577915 ... GSM577945 (32 total)
## varLabels: title geo_accession ... tissue:ch1 (42 total)
## varMetadata: labelDescription
## featureData: none
## experimentData: use 'experimentData(object)'
## pubMedIds: 22072328
## 28433800
## Annotation: GPL6480
提供一個GSE編號就可以下載啦。因為表達(dá)矩陣是處理過的，我們不要，所以只提取臨床信息表格，從中獲得分組信息。 load("GSE23558_eSet.Rdata")
pd <- pData(gset[[1]])
調(diào)整pd的行名與文件讀取的順序一致，并定義分組信息。 raw_dir = "rawdata/GSE23558_RAW/"
raw_datas = paste0(raw_dir,"/",dir(raw_dir))
#調(diào)整pd與rawdata的順序一致
raw_order = str_extract(raw_datas,"GSM\\d*")
pd = pd[match(raw_order,rownames(pd)),]
group_list <- ifelse(stringr::str_detect(pd$title,"HealthyControl"),"normal","tumor")
group_list <- factor(group_list, levels=c("normal","tumor"))
1.2 讀取原始數(shù)據(jù)x <- read.maimages(raw_datas,
source="agilent",
green.only=TRUE,
other.columns = "gIsWellAboveBG")
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577914.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577915.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577916.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577917.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577918.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577919.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577920.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577921.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577922.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577923.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577924.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577925.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577926.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577927.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577928.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577929.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577930.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577931.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577932.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577933.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577934.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577935.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577936.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577937.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577938.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577939.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577940.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577941.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577942.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577943.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577944.txt
## Read rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577945.txt
dim(x)
## [1] 45015 32
2.背景校正和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化y <- backgroundCorrect(x, method="normexp")
## Array 1 corrected
## Array 2 corrected
## Array 3 corrected
## Array 4 corrected
## Array 5 corrected
## Array 6 corrected
## Array 7 corrected
## Array 8 corrected
## Array 9 corrected
## Array 10 corrected
## Array 11 corrected
## Array 12 corrected
## Array 13 corrected
## Array 14 corrected
## Array 15 corrected
## Array 16 corrected
## Array 17 corrected
## Array 18 corrected
## Array 19 corrected
## Array 20 corrected
## Array 21 corrected
## Array 22 corrected
## Array 23 corrected
## Array 24 corrected
## Array 25 corrected
## Array 26 corrected
## Array 27 corrected
## Array 28 corrected
## Array 29 corrected
## Array 30 corrected
## Array 31 corrected
## Array 32 corrected
y <- normalizeBetweenArrays(y, method="quantile")
class(y)
## [1] "EList"
## attr(,"package")
## [1] "limma"
3. 基因過濾Control <- y$genes$ControlType==1L;table(Control)
## Control
## FALSE TRUE
## 43529 1486
NoSymbol <- is.na(y$genes$GeneName);table(NoSymbol)
## NoSymbol
## FALSE
## 45015
IsExpr <- rowSums(y$other$gIsWellAboveBG > 0) >= 16;table(IsExpr)
## IsExpr
## FALSE TRUE
## 13088 31927
Isdup <- duplicated(y$genes$GeneName);table(Isdup)
## Isdup
## FALSE TRUE
## 30328 14687
yfilt <- y[!Control & !NoSymbol & IsExpr & !Isdup, ]
dim(yfilt)
## [1] 20650 32
可以看到，過濾后剩下了2萬多個探針。 4.得到表達(dá)矩陣exp = yfilt@.Data[[1]]
boxplot(exp)
 exp[1:2,1:2]
## rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577914 rawdata/GSE23558_RAW//GSM577915
## [1,] 9.284154 11.473334
## [2,] 7.341236 7.474406
得到的表達(dá)矩陣沒問題，但行名和列名均有問題。行名應(yīng)該是探針名，列名是樣本名，調(diào)整一下。 4.1獲得樣本名colnames(exp) = str_extract(colnames(exp),"GSM\\d*")
exp[1:2,1:2]
## GSM577914 GSM577915
## [1,] 9.284154 11.473334
## [2,] 7.341236 7.474406
4.2 獲得基因名limma文檔里寫的是用了注釋R包，在本例的原文件是里有探針注釋的，這里直接使用。 可以直接將exp的行名轉(zhuǎn)為基因名。行名不能重復(fù)，所以先去重 anno = yfilt$genes
nrow(anno);nrow(exp)
## [1] 20650
## [1] 20650
rownames(exp)=rownames(anno)
ids = unique(anno$GeneName)
exp = exp[!duplicated(anno$GeneName),]
rownames(exp) = ids
exp[1:4,1:4]
## GSM577914 GSM577915 GSM577916 GSM577917
## APOBEC3B 9.284154 11.473334 10.439071 11.661000
## A_32_P77178 7.341236 7.474406 7.310818 7.397149
## ATP11B 9.963452 8.915621 10.193873 9.321954
## DNAJA1 13.469790 13.201078 12.827357 13.389431
至此，得到了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的表達(dá)矩陣。后面要做什么就看你啦，這就相當(dāng)于修復(fù)了一下數(shù)據(jù)庫里那個被標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化過的表達(dá)矩陣。 5.差異分析design <- model.matrix(~group_list)
fit <- lmFit(exp,design)
fit <- eBayes(fit,trend=TRUE,robust=TRUE)
summary(decideTests(fit))
## (Intercept) group_listtumor
## Down 0 2102
## NotSig 0 16928
## Up 20650 1620
deg = topTable(fit,coef=2,n=dim(y)[1])
boxplot(exp[rownames(deg)[1],]~group_list)
這里直接走limma的簡易流程，可以畫差異最顯著的那個基因表達(dá)量看看，可以看到差異是超級明顯了！
 save(exp,group_list,deg,gse,file = paste0(gse,"deg.Rdata"))
后面的步驟就是我們GEO數(shù)據(jù)挖掘課程的標(biāo)配啦，如果大家對這一系列“騷操作”感興趣，歡迎報名我們的GEO數(shù)據(jù)挖掘課程哈，全年滾動開班，直播互動教學(xué)以及答疑，下一期是7月6號開課，可以花時間了解一下：
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