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作者:蚊子squirrel Spring框架已是JAVA項(xiàng)目的標(biāo)配,其中Spring事務(wù)管理也是最常用的一個(gè)功能,但如果不了解其實(shí)現(xiàn)原理,使用姿勢(shì)不對(duì),一不小心就可能掉坑里。 為了更透徹的說明這些坑,本文分四部分展開闡述: 第一部分簡(jiǎn)單介紹下Spring事務(wù)集成的幾種方式; 第二部分結(jié)合Spring源代碼說明Spring事務(wù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)原理; 第三部分通過實(shí)際測(cè)試代碼介紹關(guān)于Spring事務(wù)的坑; 第四部分是對(duì)本文的總結(jié)。 一、Spring事務(wù)管理的幾種方式:Spring事務(wù)在具體使用方式上可分為兩大類: 1. 聲明式
2. 編程式
目前大部分項(xiàng)目使用的是聲明式的后兩種:
二、Spring事務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制接下來我們?cè)敿?xì)看下Spring事務(wù)的源代碼,進(jìn)而了解其工作原理。我們從 @Override
public void init() {
registerBeanDefinitionParser("advice", new TxAdviceBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation-driven", new AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser());
registerBeanDefinitionParser("jta-transaction-manager", new JtaTransactionManagerBeanDefinitionParser());
}
}
class TxAdviceBeanDefinitionParser extends AbstractSingleBeanDefinitionParser {
@Override
protected Class<?> getBeanClass(Element element) {
return TransactionInterceptor.class;
}
}由此可看到Spring事務(wù)的核心實(shí)現(xiàn)類TransactionInterceptor及其父類TransactionAspectSupport,其實(shí)現(xiàn)了事務(wù)的開啟、數(shù)據(jù)庫操作、事務(wù)提交、回滾等。我們平時(shí)在開發(fā)時(shí)如果想確定是否在事務(wù)中,也可以在該方法進(jìn)行斷點(diǎn)調(diào)試。 TransactionInterceptor: public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
// Adapt to TransactionAspectSupport's invokeWithinTransaction...
return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, new InvocationCallback() {
@Override
public Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable {
return invocation.proceed();
}
});
}TransactionAspectSupport protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation)
throws Throwable {
// If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
final TransactionAttribute txAttr = getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);
final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);
if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
// Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
Object retVal = null;
try {
// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// target invocation exception
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
return retVal;
}
}至此我們了解事務(wù)的整個(gè)調(diào)用流程,但還有一個(gè)重要的機(jī)制沒分析到,那就是Spring 事務(wù)針對(duì)不同的傳播級(jí)別控制當(dāng)前獲取的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接。接下來我們看下Spring獲取連接的工具類DataSourceUtils,JdbcTemplate、Mybatis-Spring也都是通過該類獲取Connection。 public abstract class DataSourceUtils {
…
public static Connection getConnection(DataSource dataSource) throws CannotGetJdbcConnectionException {
try {
return doGetConnection(dataSource);
}
catch (SQLException ex) {
throw new CannotGetJdbcConnectionException("Could not get JDBC Connection", ex);
}
}
public static Connection doGetConnection(DataSource dataSource) throws SQLException {
Assert.notNull(dataSource, "No DataSource specified");
ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(dataSource);
if (conHolder != null && (conHolder.hasConnection() || conHolder.isSynchronizedWithTransaction())) {
conHolder.requested();
if (!conHolder.hasConnection()) {
logger.debug("Fetching resumed JDBC Connection from DataSource");
conHolder.setConnection(dataSource.getConnection());
}
return conHolder.getConnection();
}
…
}TransactionSynchronizationManager也是一個(gè)事務(wù)同步管理的核心類,它實(shí)現(xiàn)了事務(wù)同步管理的職能,包括記錄當(dāng)前連接持有connection holder。 TransactionSynchronizationManager private static final ThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>> resources =
new NamedThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>>("Transactional resources");
…
public static Object getResource(Object key) {
Object actualKey = TransactionSynchronizationUtils.unwrapResourceIfNecessary(key);
Object value = doGetResource(actualKey);
if (value != null && logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Retrieved value [" + value + "] for key [" + actualKey + "] bound to thread [" +
Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]");
}
return value;
}
/**
* Actually check the value of the resource that is bound for the given key.
*/
private static Object doGetResource(Object actualKey) {
Map<Object, Object> map = resources.get();
if (map == null) {
return null;
}
Object value = map.get(actualKey);
// Transparently remove ResourceHolder that was marked as void...
if (value instanceof ResourceHolder && ((ResourceHolder) value).isVoid()) {
map.remove(actualKey);
// Remove entire ThreadLocal if empty...
if (map.isEmpty()) {
resources.remove();
}
value = null;
}
return value;
}在事務(wù)管理器類AbstractPlatformTransactionManager中,getTransaction獲取事務(wù)時(shí),會(huì)處理不同的事務(wù)傳播行為,例如當(dāng)前存在事務(wù),但調(diào)用方法事務(wù)傳播級(jí)別為REQUIRES_NEW、PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED時(shí),對(duì)當(dāng)前事務(wù)進(jìn)行掛起、恢復(fù)等操作,以此保證了當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫操作獲取正確的Connection。 具體是在子事務(wù)提交的最后會(huì)將掛起的事務(wù)恢復(fù),恢復(fù)時(shí)重新調(diào)用TransactionSynchronizationManager. bindResource設(shè)置之前的connection holder,這樣再獲取的連接就是被恢復(fù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接, TransactionSynchronizationManager當(dāng)前激活的連接只能是一個(gè)。 AbstractPlatformTransactionManager private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(
TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)
throws TransactionException {
…
if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {
if (debugEnabled) {
logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +
definition.getName() + "]");
}
SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);
try {
boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);
DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(
definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);
doBegin(transaction, definition);
prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
return status;
}
catch (RuntimeException beginEx) {
resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);
throw beginEx;
}
catch (Error beginErr) {
resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginErr);
throw beginErr;
}
}
}
/**
* Clean up after completion, clearing synchronization if necessary,
* and invoking doCleanupAfterCompletion.
* @param status object representing the transaction
* @see #doCleanupAfterCompletion
*/
private void cleanupAfterCompletion(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {
status.setCompleted();
if (status.isNewSynchronization()) {
TransactionSynchronizationManager.clear();
}
if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
doCleanupAfterCompletion(status.getTransaction());
}
if (status.getSuspendedResources() != null) {
if (status.isDebug()) {
logger.debug("Resuming suspended transaction after completion of inner transaction");
}
resume(status.getTransaction(), (SuspendedResourcesHolder) status.getSuspendedResources());
}
}Spring的事務(wù)是通過AOP代理類中的一個(gè)Advice(TransactionInterceptor)進(jìn)行生效的,而傳播級(jí)別定義了事務(wù)與子事務(wù)獲取連接、事務(wù)提交、回滾的具體方式。 AOP(Aspect Oriented Programming),即面向切面編程。Spring AOP技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)上其實(shí)就是代理類,具體可分為靜態(tài)代理和動(dòng)態(tài)代理兩大類,其中靜態(tài)代理是指使用 AOP 框架提供的命令進(jìn)行編譯,從而在編譯階段就可生成 AOP 代理類,因此也稱為編譯時(shí)增強(qiáng);(AspectJ);而動(dòng)態(tài)代理則在運(yùn)行時(shí)借助于 默寫類庫在內(nèi)存中“臨時(shí)”生成 AOP 動(dòng)態(tài)代理類,因此也被稱為運(yùn)行時(shí)增強(qiáng)。其中java是使用的動(dòng)態(tài)代理模式 (JDK+CGLIB)。 JDK動(dòng)態(tài)代理 JDK動(dòng)態(tài)代理主要涉及到j(luò)ava.lang.reflect包中的兩個(gè)類:Proxy和InvocationHandler。InvocationHandler是一個(gè)接口,通過實(shí)現(xiàn)該接口定義橫切邏輯,并通過反射機(jī)制調(diào)用目標(biāo)類的代碼,動(dòng)態(tài)將橫切邏輯和業(yè)務(wù)邏輯編制在一起。Proxy利用InvocationHandler動(dòng)態(tài)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)符合某一接口的實(shí)例,生成目標(biāo)類的代理對(duì)象。 CGLIB動(dòng)態(tài)代理 CGLIB全稱為Code Generation Library,是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的高性能,高質(zhì)量的代碼生成類庫,可以在運(yùn)行期擴(kuò)展Java類與實(shí)現(xiàn)Java接口,CGLIB封裝了asm,可以再運(yùn)行期動(dòng)態(tài)生成新的class。和JDK動(dòng)態(tài)代理相比較:JDK創(chuàng)建代理有一個(gè)限制,就是只能為接口創(chuàng)建代理實(shí)例,而對(duì)于沒有通過接口定義業(yè)務(wù)方法的類,則可以通過CGLIB創(chuàng)建動(dòng)態(tài)代理。 CGLIB 創(chuàng)建代理的速度比較慢,但創(chuàng)建代理后運(yùn)行的速度卻非???,而 JDK 動(dòng)態(tài)代理正好相反。如果在運(yùn)行的時(shí)候不斷地用 CGLIB 去創(chuàng)建代理,系統(tǒng)的性能會(huì)大打折扣。因此如果有接口,Spring默認(rèn)使用JDK 動(dòng)態(tài)代理,源代碼如下: public class DefaultAopProxyFactory implements AopProxyFactory, Serializable {
@Override
public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
if (targetClass == null) {
throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
"Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
}
if (targetClass.isInterface() || Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
return new ObjenesisCGLIBAopProxy(config);
}
else {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
}
}
}在了解Spring代理的兩種特點(diǎn)后,我們也就知道在做事務(wù)切面配置時(shí)的一些注意事項(xiàng),例如JDK代理時(shí)方法必須是public,CGLIB代理時(shí)必須是public、protected,且類不能是final的;在依賴注入時(shí),如果屬性類型定義為實(shí)現(xiàn)類,JDK代理時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)如下注入異常: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.wwb.test.TxTestAop': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException: Bean named 'stockService' is expected to be of type 'com.wwb.service.StockProcessServiceImpl' but was actually of type 'com.sun.proxy.$Proxy14' 但如果修改為CGLIB代理時(shí)則會(huì)成功注入,所以如果有接口,建議注入時(shí)該類屬性都定義為接口。另外事務(wù)切點(diǎn)都配置在實(shí)現(xiàn)類和接口都可以生效,但建議加在實(shí)現(xiàn)類上。 官網(wǎng)關(guān)于Spring AOP的詳細(xì)介紹
三、Spring事務(wù)的那些坑通過之前章節(jié),相信您已經(jīng)掌握了spring事務(wù)的使用方式與原理,不過還是要注意,因?yàn)橐徊恍⌒木涂赡芫偷艨?。首先看第一個(gè)坑: 3.1 事務(wù)不生效測(cè)試代碼,事務(wù)AOP配置: <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager"> <tx:attributes> <!-- 指定在連接點(diǎn)方法上應(yīng)用的事務(wù)屬性 --> <tx:method name="openAccount" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="openStock" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="openStockInAnotherDb" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/> <tx:method name="openTx" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="openWithoutTx" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="NEVER"/> <tx:method name="openWithMultiTx" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/> </tx:advice> public class StockProcessServiceImpl implements IStockProcessService{
@Autowired
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Autowired
private IStockDao stockDao;
@Override
public void openAccount(String aname, double money) {
accountDao.insertAccount(aname, money);
}
@Override
public void openStock(String sname, int amount) {
stockDao.insertStock(sname, amount);
}
@Override
public void openStockInAnotherDb(String sname, int amount) {
stockDao.insertStock(sname, amount);
}
public void insertAccount(String aname, double money) {
String sql = "insert into account(aname, balance) values(?,?)";
this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, aname, money);
DbUtils.printDBConnectionInfo("insertAccount",getDataSource());
}
public void insertStock(String sname, int amount) {
String sql = "insert into stock(sname, count) values (?,?)";
this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql , sname, amount);
DbUtils.printDBConnectionInfo("insertStock",getDataSource());
}
public static void printDBConnectionInfo(String methodName,DataSource ds) {
Connection connection = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(ds);
System.out.println(methodName+" connection hashcode="+connection.hashCode());
}
//調(diào)用同類方法,外圍配置事務(wù)
public void openTx(String aname, double money) {
openAccount(aname,money);
openStock(aname,11);
}
}1.運(yùn)行輸出:
//調(diào)用同類方法,外圍未配置事務(wù)
public void openWithoutTx(String aname, double money) {
openAccount(aname,money);
openStock(aname,11);
}2.運(yùn)行輸出:
//通過AopContext.currentProxy()方法獲取代理
@Override
public void openWithMultiTx(String aname, double money) {
openAccount(aname,money);
openStockInAnotherDb(aname, 11);//傳播級(jí)別為REQUIRES_NEW
}3.運(yùn)行輸出:
可以看到2、3測(cè)試方法跟我們事務(wù)預(yù)期并一樣,結(jié)論:調(diào)用方法未配置事務(wù)、本類方法直接調(diào)用,事務(wù)都不生效! 究其原因,還是因?yàn)镾pring的事務(wù)本質(zhì)上是個(gè)代理類,而本類方法直接調(diào)用時(shí)其對(duì)象本身并不是織入事務(wù)的代理,所以事務(wù)切面并未生效。具體可以參見#Spring事務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制#章節(jié)。 Spring也提供了判斷是否為代理的方法: public static void printProxyInfo(Object bean) {
System.out.println("isAopProxy"+AopUtils.isAopProxy(bean));
System.out.println("isCGLIBProxy="+AopUtils.isCGLIBProxy(bean));
System.out.println("isJdkProxy="+AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(bean));
}那如何修改為代理類調(diào)用呢?最直接的想法是注入自身,代碼如下: @Autowired
private IStockProcessService stockProcessService;
//注入自身類,循環(huán)依賴,親測(cè)可以
public void openTx(String aname, double money) {
stockProcessService.openAccount(aname,money);
stockProcessService.openStockInAnotherDb (aname,11);
}當(dāng)然Spring提供了獲取當(dāng)前代理的方法:代碼如下: //通過AopContext.currentProxy()方法獲取代理
@Override
public void openWithMultiTx(String aname, double money) {
((IStockProcessService)AopContext.currentProxy()).openAccount(aname,money);
((IStockProcessService)AopContext.currentProxy()).openStockInAnotherDb(aname, 11);
}另外Spring是通過TransactionSynchronizationManager類中線程變量來獲取事務(wù)中數(shù)據(jù)庫連接,所以如果是多線程調(diào)用或者繞過Spring獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫連接,都會(huì)導(dǎo)致Spring事務(wù)配置失效。 最后Spring事務(wù)配置失效的場(chǎng)景:
接下來我們看下Spring的事務(wù)的另外一個(gè)坑: 3.2 事務(wù)不回滾測(cè)試代碼: <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 指定在連接點(diǎn)方法上應(yīng)用的事務(wù)屬性 -->
<tx:method name="buyStock" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
public void buyStock(String aname, double money, String sname, int amount) throws StockException {
boolean isBuy = true;
accountDao.updateAccount(aname, money, isBuy);
// 故意拋出異常
if (true) {
throw new StockException("購買股票異常");
}
stockDao.updateStock(sname, amount, isBuy);
}
@Test
public void testBuyStock() {
try {
service.openAccount("dcbs", 10000);
service.buyStock("dcbs", 2000, "dap", 5);
} catch (StockException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
double accountBalance = service.queryAccountBalance("dcbs");
System.out.println("account balance is " + accountBalance);
}輸出結(jié)果:
應(yīng)用拋出異常,但accountDao.updateAccount卻進(jìn)行了提交。究其原因,直接看Spring源代碼: TransactionAspectSupport protected void completeTransactionAfterThrowing(TransactionInfo txInfo, Throwable ex) {
if (txInfo != null && txInfo.hasTransaction()) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() +
"] after exception: " + ex);
}
if (txInfo.transactionAttribute.rollbackOn(ex)) {
try {
txInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
}
catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
ex2.initApplicationException(ex);
throw ex2;
}
…
}
public class DefaultTransactionAttribute extends DefaultTransactionDefinition implements TransactionAttribute {
@Override
public boolean rollbackOn(Throwable ex) {
return (ex instanceof RuntimeException || ex instanceof Error);
}
…
}由代碼可見,Spring事務(wù)默認(rèn)只對(duì)RuntimeException和Error進(jìn)行回滾,如果應(yīng)用需要對(duì)指定的異常類進(jìn)行回滾,可配置rollback-for=屬性,例如: <!-- 注冊(cè)事務(wù)通知 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager"> <tx:attributes> <!-- 指定在連接點(diǎn)方法上應(yīng)用的事務(wù)屬性 --> <tx:method name="buyStock" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="StockException"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> 事務(wù)不回滾的原因:
接下來我們看下Spring事務(wù)的第三個(gè)坑: 3.3 事務(wù)超時(shí)不生效測(cè)試代碼: <!-- 注冊(cè)事務(wù)通知 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="openAccountForLongTime" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" timeout="3"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> @Override
public void openAccountForLongTime(String aname, double money) {
accountDao.insertAccount(aname, money);
try {
Thread.sleep(5000L);//在數(shù)據(jù)庫操作之后超時(shí)
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testTimeout() {
service.openAccountForLongTime("dcbs", 10000);
}
public void openAccountForLongTime(String aname, double money) {
try {
Thread.sleep(5000L); //在數(shù)據(jù)庫操作之前超時(shí)
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
accountDao.insertAccount(aname, money);
}拋出事務(wù)超時(shí)異常,超時(shí)生效
通過源碼看看Spring事務(wù)超時(shí)的判斷機(jī)制: ResourceHolderSupport /**
* Return the time to live for this object in milliseconds.
* @return number of millseconds until expiration
* @throws TransactionTimedOutException if the deadline has already been reached
*/
public long getTimeToLiveInMillis() throws TransactionTimedOutException{
if (this.deadline == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No timeout specified for this resource holder");
}
long timeToLive = this.deadline.getTime() - System.currentTimeMillis();
checkTransactionTimeout(timeToLive <= 0);
return timeToLive;
}
/**
* Set the transaction rollback-only if the deadline has been reached,
* and throw a TransactionTimedOutException.
*/
private void checkTransactionTimeout(boolean deadlineReached) throws TransactionTimedOutException {
if (deadlineReached) {
setRollbackOnly();
throw new TransactionTimedOutException("Transaction timed out: deadline was " + this.deadline);
}
}通過查看getTimeToLiveInMillis方法的Call Hierarchy,可以看到被DataSourceUtils的applyTimeout所調(diào)用, 繼續(xù)看applyTimeout的Call Hierarchy,可以看到有兩處調(diào)用,一個(gè)是JdbcTemplate,一個(gè)是TransactionAwareInvocationHandler類,后者是只有TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy類調(diào)用,該類為DataSource的事務(wù)代理類,我們一般并不會(huì)用到。難道超時(shí)只能在這調(diào)用JdbcTemplate中生效?寫代碼親測(cè): <!-- 注冊(cè)事務(wù)通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="openAccountForLongTimeWithoutJdbcTemplate" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" timeout="3"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
public void openAccountForLongTimeWithoutJdbcTemplate(String aname, double money) {
try {
Thread.sleep(5000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
accountDao.queryAccountBalanceWithoutJdbcTemplate(aname);
}
public double queryAccountBalanceWithoutJdbcTemplate(String aname) {
String sql = "select balance from account where aname = ?";
PreparedStatement prepareStatement;
try {
prepareStatement = this.getConnection().prepareStatement(sql);
prepareStatement.setString(1, aname);
ResultSet executeQuery = prepareStatement.executeQuery();
while(executeQuery.next()) {
return executeQuery.getDouble(1);
}
} catch (CannotGetJdbcConnectionException | SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0;
}
由上可見:Spring事務(wù)超時(shí)判斷在通過JdbcTemplate的數(shù)據(jù)庫操作時(shí),所以如果超時(shí)后未有JdbcTemplate方法調(diào)用,則無法準(zhǔn)確判斷超時(shí)。另外也可以得知,如果通過Mybatis等操作數(shù)據(jù)庫,Spring的事務(wù)超時(shí)是無效的。鑒于此,Spring的事務(wù)超時(shí)謹(jǐn)慎使用。 四、 總結(jié)JDBC規(guī)范中Connection 的setAutoCommit是原生控制手動(dòng)事務(wù)的方法,但傳播行為、異?;貪L、連接管理等很多技術(shù)問題都需要開發(fā)者自己處理,而Spring事務(wù)通過AOP方式非常優(yōu)雅的屏蔽了這些技術(shù)復(fù)雜度,使得事務(wù)管理變的異常簡(jiǎn)單。 但凡事有利弊,如果對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制理解不透徹,很容易掉坑里。最后總結(jié)下Spring事務(wù)的可能踩的坑: 1. Spring事務(wù)未生效
2. Spring事務(wù)回滾失效
3. Spring事務(wù)超時(shí)不準(zhǔn)確或失效
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