MRI：Magnetic Resonance Imaging磁共振成像

NMRI：Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging核磁共振成像

MRA：Magnetic Resonance Angiography磁共振血管造影

CE-MRA：contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography對比增強(qiáng)磁共振血管成像

MRV：Magnetic Resonance Venography磁共振靜脈造影

VW-MRI：vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging磁共振血管壁成像

MRCP：Magnetic Resonance cholangiopancreatography磁共振胰膽管成像

MRM：Magnetic Resonance Myelography磁共振脊髓成像

MRU：Magnetic Resonance urography磁共振尿路成像

MRN：Magnetic Resonance neurography磁共振神經(jīng)成像

CMR：Cardiovascular MR心血管磁共振檢查技術(shù)

fMRI：functional magnetic resonance imaging磁共振功能成像

MRE：Magnetic Resonance Elastography磁共振彈性成像

T1WI：T1-weighted imagingT1加權(quán)成像

T2WI：T2-weighted imagingT2加權(quán)成像

PDWI：proton density weighted imaging質(zhì)子密度加權(quán)成像

EPI：echo planar imaging平面回波成像

MS-EPI：multi shot echo planar imaging多激發(fā)平面回波成像

DWI：diffusion weighted imaging擴(kuò)散加權(quán)成像(小視野彌散Philips-ZOOM/Siemens-ZOOMit/GE-FOCUS)

ADC：apparent diffusion coefficient表觀擴(kuò)散系數(shù)

DWIBS：diffusion weighted imaging with background suppression背景抑制擴(kuò)散加權(quán)成像

RESOLVE：readout segment of long variable echo trains基于讀出方向分段K空間的多次激發(fā)彌散加權(quán)成像(Siemens)

MUSE：multi-slab parallel EPI多激發(fā)節(jié)段式EPI采集空間信號敏感性編碼圖像重建(GE)

DTI：diffusion tensor imaging擴(kuò)散張量成像

PWI：perfusion weighted imaging灌注加權(quán)成像

BOLD：blood oxygenation level dependent血氧水平依賴

RF：Radio Frequency射頻

TR：repetition time重復(fù)時(shí)間

TE：echo time回波時(shí)間(Effective TE有效TE)

Minimum TE：部分回波技術(shù)

TI：inversion time反轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間

ES：echo space回波間隙

ETL：echo train length回波鏈長度

BW：bandwidth帶寬

FA：flip angle反轉(zhuǎn)角

TA：Acquisition time采集時(shí)間

NA：number of acquisitions采集次數(shù)

NSA：number of signal averaged信號平均次數(shù)

NEX：number of excitation激勵(lì)次數(shù)

TD：time of delay延遲時(shí)間

WFS：water fat shift水脂位移

FC：flow compensation流動(dòng)補(bǔ)償

TOF：time of flight時(shí)間飛躍

TRICKS：time resolved imaging of contrast Kinetics對比劑動(dòng)態(tài)成像

PC：phase contrast相位對比

VENC：velocity encoding流速編碼

NPW：no phase wrap去相位卷褶

IR：inversion recovery反轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)

MT：magnetization transfer磁化轉(zhuǎn)移(磁化傳遞)

FT：fourier transform傅里葉變換

VPS：Views Per Segment每段視圖

BSP TI：blood suppression TI血夜抑制反轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間(IFIR參數(shù))

序列

SE：spin echo自旋回波

FSE：fast spin echo快速自旋回波

TSE：turbo spin echo快速自旋回波

FRFSE：fast recovery fast spin echo快速恢復(fù)快速自旋回波(GE)

TSE-Restore：快速恢復(fù)快速自旋回波(Siemens)

TSE DRIVE(TSE driven equilibrium DE驅(qū)動(dòng)平衡)：快速恢復(fù)快速自旋回波(Philips)

SSFSE：single shot fast spin echo單次激發(fā)快速自旋回波

HALF-SS-TSE：half-fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo半傅里葉單次激發(fā)快速自旋回波(Philips)

HASTE：half-fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo半傅里葉單次激發(fā)快速自旋回波(Siemens)

FLAIR：fluid attenuated inversion recovery水抑制反轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)

ASL：arterial spin labeling動(dòng)脈自旋標(biāo)記

BPAS：basi-parallel anatomical scanning平行椎基底動(dòng)脈系統(tǒng)掃描

FIR：fast inversion recovery快速反轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)(TIR：turbo inversion recovery)

DIR：dual inversion recovery(有資料譯為double inversion recovery)雙重反轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)

下面三個(gè)技術(shù)（VISTA/CUBE/SPACE）摘自懋氏百科全書，后面兩個(gè)的中文是我瞎翻譯的：

VISTA(3D VIEW)：volume isotropic turbo spin echo acquisition各向同性快速自旋回波容積采集(Philips)

CUBE：3D fast spin echo with an extended echo train acquisition長回波鏈3D快速自旋回波采集(GE)

SPACE：sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution最優(yōu)可變翻轉(zhuǎn)角改善對比完美采樣(Siemens)

梯度回波

GRE：gradient recalled echo梯度回波(GE)

FFE：fast field echo快速場回波(Philips)

GE：gradient echo梯度回波(Siemens)

TFE：turbo field echo超快速場回波

FISP：fast imaging with steady-state precession穩(wěn)態(tài)進(jìn)動(dòng)快速成像(Siemens)

PSIF(Siemens)：采集刺激回波的GRE序列；在時(shí)序上與FISP相反遂命名為PSIF(Philips為T2-FFE；GE為CE-GRASS:contrast enhanced GRASS)

DESS：dual spin steady state雙回波穩(wěn)態(tài)進(jìn)動(dòng)(Siemens獨(dú)有3D序列，顯示軟骨優(yōu)勢；同時(shí)采集FISP信號和PSIF信號)

MEDIC：multiple echo data image combination多回波數(shù)據(jù)合并成像(Siemens)

MERGE：multiple echo recalled gradient echo多回波梯度回波 (GE 2D)

COSMIC：coherent oscillatory state acquisition for the manipulation imaging contrast連續(xù)振蕩狀態(tài)采集操控成像對比(GE 3D多回波合并成像)

mFFE(Philips多回波)：multiple fast field echo

SWI：susceptibility weighted imaging磁敏感加權(quán)成像

QSM：quantitative susceptibility mapping定量磁化率成像

SSFP：steady state free precession普通穩(wěn)態(tài)自由進(jìn)動(dòng)(GE的GRE、Fast GRE均屬該類型；西門子為FISP；在飛利浦上稱為conventional FFE)

Balance-SSFP：balance steady state free precession平衡式穩(wěn)態(tài)自由進(jìn)動(dòng)(Philips)

FIESTA：fast imaging employing steady state acquisition穩(wěn)態(tài)采集快速成像(GE)

FIESTA-C：FIESTA-cycled phases雙激發(fā)穩(wěn)態(tài)采集快速成像(GE)

True FISP：true fast imaging with steady state precession真穩(wěn)態(tài)自由進(jìn)動(dòng)快速成像(Siemens)

CISS：constructive interference in the steady state穩(wěn)態(tài)進(jìn)動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)相干(雙激發(fā))

B-FFE：balance fast field echo平衡式快速場回波(Philips)

TRANCE：triggered angiography non-contrast enhanced觸發(fā)血管造影非對比增強(qiáng)(Philips; Siemens為 Native truefisp; GE為IFIR: InFlow Inversion Recovery)

QISS：Quiescent-Interval Single-Shot MR血管造影-靜態(tài)間隔單次激發(fā)成像是一種用于外周MRA的非增強(qiáng)MRA技術(shù)(Siemens)。

REACT：Relaxation-EnhancedMR Angiography without Contrast and Triggering非打藥非觸發(fā)的馳豫增強(qiáng)血管成像

MP-FGRE：magnetization prepared fast gradient recalled echo磁化準(zhǔn)備快速梯度回波(GE為FIRM /2D Fast GRE with IR-PREP/3D Fast GRE with IR-PREP/Fast GRE with DE-PREP、西門子FLASH/Turbo FLASH/MP-RAGE、飛利浦的MP-RAGE稱為超快速場回波TFE)

IR-FGRE：inversion recovery fast GRE反轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)快速梯度回波(多用于心臟首過灌注及延遲掃描)

SR-FGRE：saturation recovery fast GRE飽和恢復(fù)快速梯度回波(更多用于心臟灌注)

MDE：myocardial delayed enhancement心肌延遲增強(qiáng)

PSMDE：phase sensitive myocardial delayed enhancement相位敏感心肌延遲增強(qiáng)

SPGR(FSPGR)：spoiled gradient recalled echo擾相梯度回波/快速擾相梯度回波

FLASH：fast low angle shot快速小角度激發(fā)

FAME：fast acquisition with multiphase enhanced fast GRE快速采集多期增強(qiáng)快速梯度回波

LAVA/LAVA XV/ LAVA FLEX：liver acquisition with volume acceleration肝臟容積加速采集(GE)

DISCO：differential subsampling with Cartesian ordering超快速動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)成像序列(GE)

VIBE/StarVIBE/DIXON-VIBE：volumetric interpolated body examination梯度回波容積內(nèi)插體部檢查/volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination梯度回波容積內(nèi)插屏息檢查(Siemens)

THRIVE/mDIXON FFE XD：T1 high resolution isotropic volume excitationT1高分辨率各向同性容積激發(fā)(Philips)

PRESTO：principles of echo shifting with a train of observations回波位移技術(shù)(Philips)

GRASE：gradient and spin echo自旋回波與梯度回波結(jié)合/實(shí)際是FSE與EPI的結(jié)合(Philips；Siemens為TGSE：turbo gradient spin echo/GE為GSE：gradient and spin echo)

GRASS：gradient recalled acquisition in steady state穩(wěn)態(tài)梯度回波采集

MPGR：multi-planer gradient echo多平面梯度回波

FID：free induction decay自由感應(yīng)衰減

脂肪

FS：fat saturation脂肪飽和

STIR：Short TI Inversion Recovery 短時(shí)翻轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)序列

SPAIR：Spectral Attenuated Inversion Recovery 頻率衰減翻轉(zhuǎn)恢復(fù)序列

SPIR：Spectral presaturation with Inversion Recovery 頻率選擇預(yù)飽和序列

CHESS：chemical shift selective saturation化學(xué)位移選擇飽和法

SPECIAL：spectral inversion at lipids脂質(zhì)頻率選擇反轉(zhuǎn)(GE;同Philips-SPIR)

PROSET：principle of selective excitation technique選擇性水激發(fā)技術(shù)

DIXON：經(jīng)典兩點(diǎn)法水脂分離

mDIXON：modified DIXON改良版DIXON

IDEAL：iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetric andleast-squares estimation非對稱回波三點(diǎn)法水脂分離

IDEA-IQ：IDEAL Quantitative FAT/R2* Imaging T2*修正梯度多回波水脂分析脂肪定量技術(shù)(Philips為mDixon Quant/Siemens為Liver Lab)

技術(shù)

TIM：Total Imaging Matrix全景成像矩陣(Siemens TIM技術(shù))

RTR：Respiratory trigger呼吸觸發(fā)

BH：breath hold屏氣

iPAT：integrated parallel acquisition techniques集成并行采集技術(shù)

ASSET：array coil spatial sensitivity encoding陣列線圈空間敏感度編碼

SENSE：sensitivity encoding敏感度編碼

ARC：Autocalibrating reconstruction for Cartesian imaging笛卡爾成像自校準(zhǔn)重建

GRAPPA：GeneRalized Autocalibrating Partial Parallel Acquisition廣義自校準(zhǔn)部分并行采集

CS：compressed sensing壓縮感知(幾個(gè)相關(guān)的名詞：transform sparsity稀疏變換/incoherence sampling不相干采樣/nonlinear reconstruction非線性重建。該理論2006年就已經(jīng)被提出，2007年運(yùn)用到磁共振成像中，到現(xiàn)在2020年的眾所周知…)

PROPELLER：periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction螺旋槳技術(shù)(GE-PROPELLER/SIMENS- BLADE/PHILPS- MultiVane)

MSDE：motion sensitized driven equilibrium運(yùn)動(dòng)敏感驅(qū)動(dòng)平衡(Philips；一種黑血技術(shù))

DANTE：delays alternating with nutation for tailored excitation延遲進(jìn)動(dòng)定制激發(fā)(一種黑血技術(shù))

SNAP ：simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intra plaque hemorrhage同步非對比劑血管成像和斑塊內(nèi)出血成像

DOT：day optimizing throughput日優(yōu)化通量(西門子的一種優(yōu)化MR工作流程的概念)

MAGIC：magnetic resonance image compilation(GE;同Philips-SyntAc)磁共振成像匯編(多對比度的定量圖譜磁共振成像技術(shù))

SyntAc：Synthetic Acquisition合成采集(Philips)

圖像校正

PURE：Phased—array uniformity enhancement相控陣均勻度增強(qiáng)(相控陣線圈敏感度法)

SCIC：surface coil intensity correction表面線圈強(qiáng)度校正(濾過法)

HC：homogeneity correction均勻性校正(濾過法)

CLEAR：constant Level appearance恒定水平呈現(xiàn)(相控陣線圈敏感度法)

灌注

TIA：transient ischemic attack短暫性腦缺血發(fā)作

DSC：dynamic susceptibility contrast動(dòng)態(tài)磁化率對比(基于T2*)

DCE：dynamic contrast enhancement動(dòng)態(tài)對比增強(qiáng)(基于T1)

TTP：time to peak達(dá)峰時(shí)間

MTT：mean transit time平均通過時(shí)間

CBF：cerebral blood flow腦血流量（CBF=CBV/MTT）

CBV：cerebral blood volume腦血容量

ATT：arterial transit times動(dòng)脈通過時(shí)間

PS：permeability-surface area product表面通透性

Tmax：time to top對比劑達(dá)到所有組織的時(shí)間

TDC：time density curve時(shí)間密度曲線

CCR：cerebral circulation reserve腦循環(huán)儲備

PLD：post label delays標(biāo)記后延遲時(shí)間

波譜

MRS：magnetic resonance spectroscopy磁共振波譜

PRESS：point resolved spectroscopy點(diǎn)分辨波譜(PRESS中所用的回波時(shí)間較長，便于更好的顯示弛豫時(shí)間較長的代謝物。PRESS對運(yùn)動(dòng)、彌散和量子效應(yīng)的敏感性較低，SNR優(yōu)于刺激回波采集法STEAM)

STEAM：Stimulates echo acquisition mode刺激回波采集模式

CSI：chemical shift imaging化學(xué)位移成像

FWHM：full width at half maximum半高全寬

PPM：part per million百萬分之一(百萬分之一的共振頻率。脂肪和水的共振頻率相隔大約3.5ppm，這大約相當(dāng)于1.5T磁場中的225Hz與3T磁場中的450Hz的絕對頻率差異。)

IP：in phase同相位

OP：out of phase反相位

方位

AX：axial view軸位

OAX：oblique axial view斜軸位

TRA：transverse橫斷位

SAG：sagittal矢狀位

COR：coronal冠狀位

S：superior上

I：inferior下

A：anterior前

P：posterior后

front view前面觀

back view(Rear view)后面觀

后處理

FOV：field of view視野

RFOV：Rectangular field of view矩形視野

ROI：region of interest感興趣區(qū)

VOI：volume of interest感興趣容積

VR：volume rendering technique容積再現(xiàn)技術(shù)(差點(diǎn)直譯為volume reproduce)

MIP：maximum intensity projection最大強(qiáng)度投影

mIP：minimum intensity projection最小密度投影

CPR：curved planar reformation曲面重組

MPR：multiple planar reconstruction多平面重組

SSD：surface shaded display表面遮蓋顯示

CTVE：CT virtual endoscopy CT仿真內(nèi)窺鏡

其他

ISI：imaging system interface磁共振同步造影成像系統(tǒng)接口(由西門子醫(yī)療和拜耳聯(lián)合研發(fā)的用于連接磁共振設(shè)備和高壓注射器的同步造影成像系統(tǒng))

CNR：contrast to noise ratio對比噪聲比

SNR：signal to noise ratio信噪比

SAR：specific absorption ratio特異性吸收率

ECG：electrocardiogram傳統(tǒng)心電圖

VCG：Vectorcardiogram心電向量圖

PG：PeripheralGating外周門控(指脈)

BPM：beats per minute每分鐘心跳次數(shù)

Temporal resolution時(shí)間分辨率

Spatial resolution空間分辨率

會(huì)議

CMDA：Chinese Medical Association中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)

CCR：Chinese Congress of Radiology中華放射學(xué)大會(huì)

ECR：European Congress of Radiology歐洲國際放射學(xué)大會(huì)

RSNA：Radiological Society of North America北美放射學(xué)會(huì)

ACR：American College of Radiology美國放射學(xué)會(huì)