https://blog.csdn.net/christine14122/article/details/83621585

          博主是嵌入式小萌新，項目需要移植qt到arm開發(fā)板上，歷經(jīng)千辛萬苦解決了各種問題，最后終于成功了，所以整理了開發(fā)筆記給更多的小伙伴參考。

1.準(zhǔn)備階段

①下載交叉編譯器aarch65-linux-gnu，下載地址為：https://releases./components/toolchain/binaries/6.2-2016.11/aarch64-linux-gnu/

②下載Qt5.9.6源碼，下載地址為：http://download./archive/qt/5.9/5.9.6/single/

③下載Qtcreator安裝包，下載地址為：http://download./archive/qt/5.9/5.9.6/

④安裝虛擬機VMware? Workstation 14 Pro和Ubuntu16.04.5 LTS，博主的虛擬機版本如下圖：

⑤將文件分別存放在相應(yīng)文件夾下并解壓：

****.tar.gz 文件的解壓命令是 ：tar -zxvf ****.tar.gz

****.tar.xz 文件的解壓命令是 ：tar xvJf ****.tar.xz

第一步的準(zhǔn)備工作已完成。

2. 安裝交叉編譯器：

交叉編譯器解壓之后的路徑為：/home/admin/Qt_Env/Cross-compiler/

①查看當(dāng)前環(huán)境變量命令：echo $PATH

②在/etc/profile中添加新的環(huán)境變量：

• 執(zhí)行命令：gedit /etc/profile

• 在文件末尾添加：export PATH=$PATH:/home/admin/Qt_Env/Cross-compiler/aarch64-linux-gnu/bin

• 執(zhí)行命令：source /etc/profile

③再次執(zhí)行echo $PATH

可以看到環(huán)境變量已經(jīng)添加上了。

④驗證編譯器是否安裝成功

• 執(zhí)行命令：aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ -v

終端顯示編譯器信息如下：

編譯器安裝成功。

注意：在/etc/profile中改變的環(huán)境變量是臨時的，重啟虛擬機或重啟終端會導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變量修改不生效，所以在編譯qt之前一定要確定交叉編譯器安裝成功，如果執(zhí)行④打印的是gcc的版本信息，那么可能是編譯器路徑不對，或者多執(zhí)行幾次source /etc/profile即可。

3.交叉編譯qt5.9.6

①配置qt的configure

在目錄/home/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource下創(chuàng)建 qt_compiler_conf.sh文件，文件是configure的配置項，關(guān)于配置項的說明資料很多，在此不在贅述。

#!/bin/sh  
./configure -prefix /opt/aarch64/qt596_64/qt_sdk \
-opensource \
-debug \
-confirm-license \
-xplatform linux-arm-gnueabi-g++ \
-no-opengl \
-no-pch \
-shared \
-no-iconv \
-no-xcb \

②修改qmake文件

安裝目錄打開：/home/hytera/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtbase/mkspecs/linux-arm-gnueabi-g++，打開qmake.conf文件，修改編譯器：

#
# qmake configuration for building with arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
#
MAKEFILE_GENERATOR      = UNIX
CONFIG                 += incremental
QMAKE_INCREMENTAL_STYLE = sublib
include(../common/linux.conf)
include(../common/gcc-base-unix.conf)
include(../common/g++-unix.conf)
QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM=linuxfb
# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC                = aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
QMAKE_CXX               = aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK              = aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB        = aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR                = aarch64-linux-gnu-ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY           = aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy
QMAKE_NM                = aarch64-linux-gnu-nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP             = aarch64-linux-gnu-strip
load(qt_config)

注意：arm開發(fā)板上顯示屏的驅(qū)動是基于fb的話，記得在文件中添加QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM=linuxfb。

③執(zhí)行qt_compiler_conf.sh配置文件

※ 在終端執(zhí)行命令：./qt_compiler_conf.sh 

※ 或者，博主將終端打印的日志重定向到了confLog.txt文件中，方便查看，故執(zhí)行的命令是：./qt_compiler_conf.sh  2>&1 | tee confLog.txt

※ 執(zhí)行結(jié)果為：

+ cd qtbase
+ /home/hytera/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtbase/configure -top-level -prefix /opt/aarch64/qt596_64/qt_sdk -opensource -debug -confirm-license -xplatform linux-arm-gnueabi-g++ -no-opengl -no-pch -shared -no-iconv -xcb
Creating qmake...
Done.
This is the Qt Open Source Edition.
You have already accepted the terms of the Open Source license.
Running configuration tests...
Done running configuration tests.
Configure summary:
Building on: linux-g++ (x86_64, CPU features: mmx sse sse2)
Building for: linux-arm-gnueabi-g++ (arm64, CPU features: neon)
Configuration: cross_compile compile_examples enable_new_dtags largefile neon optimize_debug shared rpath debug c++11 c++14 c++1z concurrent dbus no-pkg-config reduce_exports release_tools stl
Build options:
  Mode ................................... debug; optimized tools
  Optimize debug build ................... yes
  Building shared libraries .............. yes
  Using C++ standard ..................... C++1z
  Using ccache ........................... no
  Using gold linker ...................... no
  Using new DTAGS ........................ yes
  Using precompiled headers .............. no
  Using LTCG ............................. no
  Target compiler supports:
    NEON ................................. yes
  Build parts ............................ libs examples
Qt modules and options:
  Qt Concurrent .......................... yes
  Qt D-Bus ............................... yes
  Qt D-Bus directly linked to libdbus .... no
  Qt Gui ................................. yes
  Qt Network ............................. yes
  Qt Sql ................................. yes
  Qt Testlib ............................. yes
  Qt Widgets ............................. yes
  Qt Xml ................................. yes
Support enabled for:
  Using pkg-config ....................... no
  QML debugging .......................... yes
  udev ................................... no
  Using system zlib ...................... no
Qt Core:
  DoubleConversion ....................... yes
    Using system DoubleConversion ........ no
  GLib ................................... no
  iconv .................................. no
  ICU .................................... no
  Logging backends:
    journald ............................. no
    syslog ............................... no
    slog2 ................................ no
  Using system PCRE2 ..................... no
Qt Network:
  getaddrinfo() .......................... yes
  getifaddrs() ........................... yes
  IPv6 ifname ............................ yes
  libproxy ............................... no
  OpenSSL ................................ no
    Qt directly linked to OpenSSL ........ no
  SCTP ................................... no
  Use system proxies ..................... yes
Qt Gui:
  Accessibility .......................... yes
  FreeType ............................... yes
    Using system FreeType ................ no
  HarfBuzz ............................... yes
    Using system HarfBuzz ................ no
  Fontconfig ............................. no
  Image formats:
    GIF .................................. yes
    ICO .................................. yes
    JPEG ................................. yes
      Using system libjpeg ............... no
    PNG .................................. yes
      Using system libpng ................ no
  EGL .................................... no
  OpenVG ................................. no
  OpenGL:
    Desktop OpenGL ....................... no
    OpenGL ES 2.0 ........................ no
    OpenGL ES 3.0 ........................ no
    OpenGL ES 3.1 ........................ no
  Session Management ..................... yes
Features used by QPA backends:
  evdev .................................. yes
  libinput ............................... no
  INTEGRITY HID .......................... no
  mtdev .................................. no
  tslib .................................. no
  xkbcommon-evdev ........................ no
QPA backends:
  DirectFB ............................... no
  EGLFS .................................. no
  LinuxFB ................................ yes
  VNC .................................... yes
  Mir client ............................. no
Qt Widgets:
  GTK+ ................................... no
  Styles ................................. Fusion Windows
Qt PrintSupport:
  CUPS ................................... no
Qt Sql:
  DB2 (IBM) .............................. no
  InterBase .............................. no
  MySql .................................. no
  OCI (Oracle) ........................... no
  ODBC ................................... no
  PostgreSQL ............................. no
  SQLite2 ................................ no
  SQLite ................................. yes
    Using system provided SQLite ......... no
  TDS (Sybase) ........................... no
Qt SerialBus:
  Socket CAN ............................. yes
  Socket CAN FD .......................... yes
QtXmlPatterns:
  XML schema support ..................... yes
Qt QML:
  QML interpreter ........................ yes
  QML network support .................... yes
Qt Quick:
  Direct3D 12 ............................ no
  AnimatedImage item ..................... yes
  Canvas item ............................ yes
  Support for Qt Quick Designer .......... yes
  Flipable item .......................... yes
  GridView item .......................... yes
  ListView item .......................... yes
  Path support ........................... yes
  PathView item .......................... yes
  Positioner items ....................... yes
  ShaderEffect item ...................... yes
  Sprite item ............................ yes
Qt Gamepad:
  SDL2 ................................... no
Qt 3D:
  Assimp ................................. yes
  System Assimp .......................... no
  Output Qt3D Job traces ................. no
  Output Qt3D GL traces .................. no
Qt 3D GeometryLoaders:
  Autodesk FBX ........................... no
Qt Wayland Client ........................ no
Qt Wayland Compositor .................... no
Qt Bluetooth:
  BlueZ .................................. no
  BlueZ Low Energy ....................... no
  Linux Crypto API ....................... no
Qt Sensors:
  sensorfw ............................... no
Qt Quick Controls 2:
  Styles ................................. Default Material Universal
Qt Quick Templates 2:
  Hover support .......................... yes
  Multi-touch support .................... yes
Qt Positioning:
  Gypsy GPS Daemon ....................... no
  WinRT Geolocation API .................. no
Qt Location:
  Geoservice plugins:
    OpenStreetMap ........................ yes
    HERE ................................. yes
    Esri ................................. yes
    Mapbox ............................... yes
    MapboxGL ............................. no
    Itemsoverlay ......................... yes
Qt Multimedia:
  ALSA ................................... no
  GStreamer 1.0 .......................... no
  GStreamer 0.10 ......................... no
  Video for Linux ........................ yes
  OpenAL ................................. no
  PulseAudio ............................. no
  Resource Policy (libresourceqt5) ....... no
  Windows Audio Services ................. no
  DirectShow ............................. no
  Windows Media Foundation ............... no
Qt WebEngine:
  Embedded build ......................... yes
  Pepper Plugins ......................... no
  Printing and PDF ....................... no
  Proprietary Codecs ..................... no
  Spellchecker ........................... yes
  WebRTC ................................. no
  Using system ninja ..................... no
  ALSA ................................... no
  PulseAudio ............................. no
  System libraries:
    re2 .................................. no
    ICU .................................. no
    libwebp and libwebpdemux ............. no
    Opus ................................. no
    ffmpeg ............................... no
Note: Also available for Linux: linux-clang linux-icc
Note: No wayland-egl support detected. Cross-toolkit compatibility disabled.
Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'make'.
Once everything is built, you must run 'make install'.
Qt will be installed into '/opt/aarch64/qt596_64/qt_sdk'.
Prior to reconfiguration, make sure you remove any leftovers from
the previous build.

④執(zhí)行make并重定向到makeLog.txt

命令為：make -j4 2>&1 | tee makeLog.txt

這個過程時間比較久，根據(jù)電腦性能，半個小時到六個小時不等。執(zhí)行完成后的makeLog.txt如下，可以打開makeLog.txt，檢索是否有error，如果沒有，那就順利編譯通過啦?。?！

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
前面省略26571行
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
make[4]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtnetworkauth/examples/oauth/twittertimeline'
make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtnetworkauth/examples/oauth'
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtnetworkauth/examples'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtnetworkauth'

⑤執(zhí)行make install安裝命令，并重定向到installLog.txt

命令為：make install 2>&1 | tee installLog.txt

installLog.txt的內(nèi)容如下，打開文件檢測是否有error。

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
前面省略13492行
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qttranslations/translations'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qttranslations'
cd qtdoc/ && ( test -e Makefile || /home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtbase/bin/qmake -o Makefile /home/hytera/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc/qtdoc.pro ) && make -f Makefile install
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc'
cd doc/ && ( test -e Makefile || /home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtbase/bin/qmake -o Makefile /home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc/doc/doc.pro ) && make -f Makefile install
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc/doc'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'install'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc/doc'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/admin/Qt_Env/Qt_opensource/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.6/qtdoc'

       完成這一步，qt編譯成功。

4. 將qt移植到arm開發(fā)板并運行example程序

   這一部分內(nèi)容較多，將在博主的另一篇博文中介紹。