在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，虛擬語氣通常是重點(diǎn)加難點(diǎn)，考試從來不會(huì)少出，但又往往弄得同學(xué)們焦頭爛額，丟分不斷，今天就來和大家一起學(xué)習(xí)一下狀語從句中的虛擬語氣用法。

英語的動(dòng)詞有三種語氣形式，即陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣，陳述語氣用來說明事實(shí)或就事實(shí)提出詢問，祈使語氣用于表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議或警告等，而虛擬語氣則是謂語動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用來表達(dá)假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、可能或空想等虛擬情況，也可以表示主觀愿望或表達(dá)某種強(qiáng)烈的感情，通常出現(xiàn)在各類從句中。

一. 條件狀語從句：

時(shí)間

從句謂語形式

主句謂語形式

將來

if ＋ 主語＋ 動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)

if＋主語＋should + 動(dòng)詞原形

if＋主語＋were to + 動(dòng)詞原形

主語＋would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形

現(xiàn)在

if ＋主語＋ 動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)

主語＋ would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形

過去

if＋ 主語＋had done

主語＋would / should / might / could have + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞

例句：

1.現(xiàn)在：

If I were you，I would choose that picture.

2.過去：

If you had taken my advice，you would not have made such a mistake.

3.將來：

If there were a sunny day next Sunday，we would go hiking.

二. 目的狀語從句：

1.在for fear that，in case，lest引導(dǎo)的從句中，若用虛擬語氣時(shí)，從句謂語為：(should) + do。

eg. He started out earlier in case he (should) be late.

2.在so that，in order that所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中，從句中的謂語為：can / could / may / might / will / would /should + do。

eg. He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer.

三. 原因狀語從句：

1. should + 原形動(dòng)詞,表現(xiàn)在或?qū)?/p>

eg. He was angry that you should call him by name.

2. should + 完成式, 表過去

eg. I’m very sorry that you should have failed the test.

四.方式狀語從句：

虛擬語氣常用于as if, as though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句：

時(shí)間

結(jié)構(gòu)

主句動(dòng)作之前

had + 過去分詞

主句動(dòng)作之后

would / could / might / should+動(dòng)詞原形

eg. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.

They stopped talking as if someone should come.