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家有錢財萬貫、不如鈞瓷一件。鈞瓷掛紅、價值連城。這兩句是古人對鈞窯瓷器彌足珍貴的描述，反映出古人對鈞瓷的愛慕及其珍貴之處。本文就以這兩句千古流傳，展開對鈞窯瓷器的介紹。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯： Home is rich, not as good as Jun Porcelain. Jun Porcelain is red and valuable. These two sentences are precious descriptions of Jun kiln pottery by the ancients, reflecting the ancients'love for Jun pottery and its preciousness. With these two sentences handed down throughout the ages, this paper introduces Jun kiln porcelain. —————————————————————————————— 鈞窯瓷器的發(fā)展史 Development History of Jun Kiln Porcelain： 鈞窯在河南省禹縣(今禹州市),為宋五大名窯之一,位于今河南禹州,因古代屬名鈞州,所以稱之為鈞窯。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun kiln is one of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty in Yuxian County, Henan Province. It is located in Yuzhou, Henan Province. It is called Jun kiln because it belongs to Junzhou in ancient times. ———————————————————————————————— 20世紀60年代以來已發(fā)現(xiàn)窯址100余處。其中鈞臺八卦洞窯燒造的瓷器，工精質(zhì)高，最有代表性。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：More than 100 kiln sites have been found since the 1960s. Among them, Juntai Bagua Cave kiln fired high-quality porcelain, the most representative. ———————————————————————————————— 鈞窯創(chuàng)燒于唐朝，宋代達到頂峰，后續(xù)歷代均有燒制，但燒造出的瓷器，都無法超越宋代唯美。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun kiln was created and burned in Tang Dynasty. It reached its peak in Song Dynasty. It was burned in successive dynasties, but the porcelain produced by the kiln could not surpass the aesthetics of Song Dynasty. ———————————————————————————————— 鈞窯自宋代為五大名窯之一，以“雨過天晴云破處,夕陽紫翠忽成嵐”的窯變效果,一改自漢至唐以來“南青北白”的單色釉歷史,自此中國瓷器開始進入出五彩斑斕的時代。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun kiln is one of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty. The kiln effect of 'Rain passes through the sky, clear clouds break down, and the setting sun turns purple and green suddenly into Lan' has changed the history of 'southern blue and Northern white' glaze since the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. Since then, Chinese porcelain has entered a colorful era. —————————————————————————————— 鈞釉瓷器是河南中西部地區(qū)在北宋時期成為全國制瓷業(yè)中心的環(huán)境下，在周圍地區(qū)大體同時出現(xiàn)汝窯、官窯等青瓷生產(chǎn)的頂尖窯場的技術氛圍下興起的，是禹州人民長期勞動實踐和集體智慧的結(jié)晶。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun glaze porcelain is the result of the long-term labor practice and collective wisdom of the people of Yuzhou under the circumstance that the central and western parts of Henan Province became the center of the national ceramic industry in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the top kilns of the celadon production such as Ru kiln and Guan kiln appeared in the surrounding areas at the same time. —————————————————————————————— 鈞瓷的釉色窯變藝術魅力效果是人為無法控制的，是經(jīng)過入窯后火焰的煉燒，溫度的不同變化而產(chǎn)生的效果，這就是我們所說的窯變。正因為鈞窯瓷器無法預見不可控制窯變現(xiàn)象而產(chǎn)生的這種窯變美，折服了人們的審美，真所謂“入窯一色,出窯萬彩”。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯:The glaze kiln of Jun Porcelain changes artistic charm, which can not be controlled artificially. It is the result of different temperature changes after burning into the kiln. This is what we call kiln changes. It is precisely because Jun kiln porcelain can not foresee the phenomenon of uncontrollable kiln change that produces this kind of kiln change beauty, which has convinced people's aesthetic appreciation. The so-called 'all in one kiln, all out of one kiln'. —————————————————————————————— 鈞瓷始于唐代。在神垕瓷區(qū)上白峪、下白峪村的唐窯遺址,出土了灰燼、匣缽片、瓷器殘片等制陶瓷遺存。唐窯殘片與眾不同、自成風格。形成了以罐、盤、碗、缽之類俱多,釉色則以褐為主,上有不規(guī)則彩斑,有月白、乳白、天藍等色,這就是唐花釉瓷。學術理論界一致認為,鈞瓷窯變藝術是受唐花釉瓷的啟發(fā),逐漸發(fā)展而成。唐花釉瓷應該是鈞瓷窯變藝術的萌芽,是鈞瓷的前期,嚴格地說,并不是真正的鈞瓷,鈞瓷藝術至北宋才完善成熟。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun Porcelain began in the Tang Dynasty. At the Tang kiln sites of Shangbaiyu and Xiababaiyu villages in Shenni Porcelain Area, the remains of ceramics such as ashes, saggers and pottery fragments were unearthed. The remnants of Tang Kiln are unique and self-styled. Formed by pots, plates, bowls, bowls and so on, the glaze color is mainly brown, there are irregular spots, there are white, Milky white, sky blue and other colors, this is Tanghua glazed porcelain. Academic theorists agree that Jun porcelain kiln art is inspired by Tanghua glaze and gradually developed. Tanghua glazed pottery should be the germination of Jun porcelain kiln art and the early stage of Jun pottery. Strictly speaking, it is not real Jun pottery. Jun pottery art was not perfect until the Northern Song Dynasty. —————————————————————————————— 北宋時期,社會環(huán)境相對穩(wěn)定,為陶瓷藝術的繁榮發(fā)展提供了有利條件?；ㄓ源山?jīng)過長時期的探索,窯變技藝已經(jīng)日漸成熟,經(jīng)自然窯變形成的絢麗釉色玉潤晶瑩,已絕非唐時花釉瓷所能比擬。窯變釉以其驚心動魄的美麗震動了朝野,受到了文人雅士,王公貴族的喜愛到了宋徽宗初年,終于引起了朝廷的重視,宋徽宗傳下旨意,在禹州鈞臺附近建官窯為皇宮燒制貢瓷,這就為鈞瓷藝術的全面發(fā)展提供了良機。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：During the Northern Song Dynasty, the social environment was relatively stable, which provided favorable conditions for the prosperity and development of ceramic art. After a long period of exploration, the technique of kiln transformation has become more and more mature. The brilliant glazed jade transformed by natural kiln is no longer comparable to that of the Tang Dynasty. The glaze-changing kiln shook the court with its breathtaking beauty and was loved by scholars and nobles in the early years of Huizong in the Song Dynasty. At last, it attracted the attention of the court. The purpose of Huizong in the Song Dynasty was to build an official kiln near Juntai in Yuzhou to make tribute ceramics for the imperial palace, which provided a good opportunity for the comprehensive development of Jun ceramics art. —————————————————————————————— 均窯瓷器的基本特征： The basic characteristics of Junyao porcelain: 宋代鈞瓷：胎色較深,呈淺灰色或褐紫色，胎質(zhì)堅硬。釉為乳濁釉，釉色有天藍、月白、玫瑰紫和海棠紅等品種。器物上單獨的紫斑幾乎不見，絕大部分都是青藍釉和紅釉互相融合的玫瑰紫色。圓器內(nèi)底釉中有“蚯蚓走泥紋”的曲線，是宋鈞的特征之一。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun Porcelain of Song Dynasty: The fetus is dark, light gray or brown purple, and the fetus is hard. The glaze is opaque glaze. The glaze color is sky blue, moon white, rose purple and crabapple red. Individual purple spots on the objects are almost invisible, most of them are rose-purple with blue glaze and red glaze fusing each other. The curves of earthworms moving mud pattern in the inner glaze of circular vessels are one of the characteristics of Songjun. —————————————————————————————— 玫瑰紫呈現(xiàn) 蚯蚓走泥紋呈現(xiàn) 器外底普通刷一層芝麻醬色釉，亦為宋鈞特征之一。器物多為盆、盤、碗、瓶等日常用品，也燒制奩、洗、尊等陳設慈。盆、洗及尊等宮廷用器的底部均刻一個由一到十的數(shù)字。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：It is also one of the characteristics of Songjun to brush a sesame paste color glaze on the outside of the vessel. Most of the utensils are pots, plates, bowls, bottles and other daily necessities. They are also furnished with kindness such as firing, washing and respecting. The bottom of pots, washes and courtly utensils is engraved with a number from one to ten. ——————————————————————————————
鈞瓷底部護胎釉呈現(xiàn)
均窯供瓷底部數(shù)字呈現(xiàn) 金代鈞瓷：主要特征，無“蚯蚓走泥紋”及外底刷芝麻醬色釉特征，器身與器底釉色相同，器物上的紫色大多為單獨的紫斑。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jin Dynasty Jun Porcelain: The main features are that there are no earthworm mud pattern and sesame paste glaze on the outer bottom. The body glaze is the same as the bottom glaze. The purple on the ware is mostly a single purple spot. ——————————————————————————————
金代均窯瓷器無蚯蚓走泥紋呈現(xiàn)
金代均窯瓷器單獨紫斑呈現(xiàn) 元代鈞瓷：特征，胎體厚實，器型高大，無蚯蚓走泥紋、釉面有針孔，堆花裝飾多見。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Jun Porcelain of Yuan Dynasty: Characteristic, thick body, tall shape, earthworm-free mud pattern, glaze with pinholes, pile-up decoration is common. ——————————————————————————————
元代均窯 月白 釉雙耳三足爐
元代均窯月白釉雙耳三足爐細部呈現(xiàn) 鈞瓷 最美 窯變 視頻 部分 均窯瓷器的人文價值： The Humanistic Value of Junyao Porcelain: 均窯瓷器，因其獨特的窯變效果，而呈現(xiàn)的獨到魅力，從古到今都是都是人們爭相追捧的器物，特別是近年各大拍賣公司均窯瓷器都出現(xiàn)較高的成交價格，更顯出均窯瓷器的珍貴程度。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Junyao porcelain, because of its unique effect of kiln transformation, presents unique charm. From ancient times to today, it is all the objects that people strive to pursue. Especially in recent years, the high transaction prices of Junyao ceramics have appeared in major auction companies, which shows the precious degree of Junyao ceramics. ——————————————————————————————
北宋鈞窯窯變釉大花盆 成交價：RMB 58,000,000 拍賣時間：2009-12-06
北宋鈞窯天藍釉膽瓶 成交價： RMB 4,480,000 拍賣時間： 2010-12-08
北宋鈞窯青釉紫斑缽 成交價： RMB 3,500,000 拍賣時間： 2010-12-25
北宋鈞窯月白釉鼓釘洗 成交價： RMB 1,467,200 拍賣時間： 2009-12-18
明代鈞窯天青釉花盆 成交價： RMB4887.5萬 拍賣時間: 2018年11月20日中國嘉德秋拍
宋代 鈞窯天藍釉爐 尺寸口徑6.8cm高6.3cm 成交價： RMB 3,069,440 拍賣時間： 2018年秋季拍賣
成交價: 14,520,000港幣(含買家傭金） 拍賣時間：2006年11月8日倫敦蘇富比 通過以上內(nèi)容，無鑒門為您簡單介紹了均窯瓷器的發(fā)展歷史及各個時期的不同特征。并通過各大拍賣公司的鈞瓷拍賣成交紀錄，讓您更直觀對鈞瓷收藏有所了解。至此無鑒門愿意給您帶去更貼心的收藏鑒賞知識及最準確的信息發(fā)布，謝謝您的支持。在這新春佳節(jié)之際，無鑒門祝愿您萬事如意、心想事成。 —————————————————————————————— 英譯：Through the above content, Wujianmen gives you a brief introduction of the development history of Junyao porcelain and the different characteristics of each period. And through the records of Jun porcelain auction transactions of major auction companies, let you have a more intuitive understanding of Jun porcelain collection. So far, Wujianmen is willing to bring you more intimate collection and appreciation knowledge and the most accurate information release. Thank you for your support. On the occasion of the Spring Festival, Wujianmen wishes you every success and success. —————————————————————————————— |
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