一、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句用來表示實(shí)現(xiàn)主句中某一動作發(fā)生的條件，或表示主句中某一狀態(tài)是在什么情況下產(chǎn)生的。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有if, unless(= if…not), as/so long as, on condition that, in case, suppose/ supposing that, provided/providing that等。如：

① If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll hold the sports meeting.

如果明天不下雨的話，我們就舉行運(yùn)動會。

② Unless you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre.

除非你打電話告訴我你不來了，否則我會在劇院等你的。

③ In case anything important happens, please call me up.

萬一發(fā)生什么重要的事，請打電話給我。

[特別提示]

① “in case +從句”還可以表示“以防、以免”的意思。

② 近三年高考圍繞if, unless, as/so long as和in case考查的頻率極高。

[即學(xué)即練]

1. The medicine works more effectively _______ you drink some hot water after taking it. (2009 浙江卷)

A. as B. until C. although D. if

2. — Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?

— _______ it doesn’t rain. (2009 山東卷)

A. Until B. While C. Once D. If

3. You may use the room as you like _______ you clean it up afterwards. (2009 北京卷)

A. so far as B. so long as

C. in case D even if

4. Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _______ I forget. (2008 上海卷)

A. though B. so that C. in case D. until

Key: 1-4 DDBC

二、讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句表示盡管有某種不利于主句動作發(fā)生的條件存在，主句中的情況依然會出現(xiàn)。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞比較多，常見的有：①although, though, while；② even if = even though；③no matter + wh-word = wh-word + ever；④ whether…

(or)等。如：

① Air exists everywhere although we can’t see it.

盡管我們看不見空氣，但它卻無處不在。

② While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.

雖然我理解你說的話，但我不同意你的觀點(diǎn)。（while多位于句首）

③ No matter where he hides, we will find him out.

無論他躲到哪里，我們都要把他找出來。(= Wherever he hides)

④ Whether you like it or not, you must do it well.

無論你愿意還是不愿意，你都要把這事做好。

[特別提示]

① although/though不與but連用，但可與still, yet或all the same連用。

② “wh-word +ever (不管、無論)”與“no matter + wh-word”的轉(zhuǎn)換僅限于狀語從句中。

③ 近三年高考考查讓步狀語從句的范圍比較廣，應(yīng)全面掌握。

[即學(xué)即練]

1. _______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. (2009 湖南卷)

A. Although B. As long as

C. If only D. As soon as

2. _______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. (2008 湖南卷)

A. If B. While C. Because D. As

3. _______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (2008 遼寧卷)

A. Whatever B. Whenever

C. Wherever D. However

4. All people, _______ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. (2008 重慶卷)

A. even if B. whether

C. no matter D. however

5. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable. (2007 浙江卷)

A. as if B. now that

C. even though D. so that

Key: 1-5 ABDBC

三、地點(diǎn)狀語從句

地點(diǎn)狀語從句是表示主句謂語動作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)的狀語從句，引導(dǎo)詞有where, wherever, anywhere,everywhere等。

1. 表示具體地點(diǎn): 地點(diǎn)狀語從句表示具體地點(diǎn)時，從句可位于主句之前或之后。如：

① The castle stood where the two roads meet.

那座城堡曾位于這兩條公路交匯的地方。

② Wherever I went, the dog followed me.

無論我走到哪里，那只狗都跟著我。

2. 表示抽象條件: 地點(diǎn)狀語從句有時含有條件的意義，此時需放在主句之前。如：

① Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

② Where there is smoke, there is fire. 無風(fēng)不起浪，無火不生煙。

[特別提示]

引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語時，where≠介詞＋which；只有引導(dǎo)定語從句時，where =介詞＋which。如：

Put the book where we can all see it. (≠ in which)

[即學(xué)即練]

1. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

(2009 江蘇卷)

A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until

2. You’d better not leave the medicine _______ kids can get at it. (2008 山東卷)

A. even if B. which C. where D. so that

3. If you are traveling _______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

(2006 天津卷)

A. in which B. what C. when D. where

4. — Mom, what did your doctor say?

— He advised me to live _______ the air is fresher.(2006 四川卷)

A. in where B. in which

C. the place where D. where

5. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _______ there is human suffering. (2006 江西卷)

A. whoever B. however

C. whatever D. wherever

Key: 1-5 BCDDD