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◆fill v. 1. 表示“裝滿”、“填滿”,可用作及物和不及物動(dòng)詞,通常與介詞 with 連用。如: The hole filled with water. 坑里全是水。 He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子裝滿了水。 比較: People filled the room. 人們把房間擠得滿滿的。 The room filled with people. 房間里擠滿了人。 The room was filled with people. 房間里擠滿了人。 He filled the room with his friends. 房間里擠滿了他請(qǐng)來的朋友。 2. 有時(shí)可帶雙賓語,雙賓語交換位置時(shí)用介詞 for。如: 去給我倒一杯啤酒來。 正:Go and fill me a glass of beer. 正:Go and fill a glass of beer for me. 3. 表示填洞等,其后可接 in 或 up, 也可不用。如: He filled (in/up) the hole with small stones. 他用小石塊把洞填滿了。 4. 表示“填表”,其后可接 in, out, up 等。如: He told me to fill in [out, up] the form. 他叫我填那張表。 ◆find v. 1. 表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)情況其后可接各種形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(如:名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、形容詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、過去分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等)。如: You will find it a very difficult book. 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這是本很難的書。 He found her alone in the room. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)她一個(gè)人在屋里。 We find the story (to be) very interesting. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)故事很有趣。 I found the girl crying at the gate. 我們?cè)诖箝T口發(fā)現(xiàn)有個(gè)女孩在哭。 He found the city much changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 注:接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),其不定式通常為 to be, 但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中有時(shí)也可用其它動(dòng)詞。如: He was found to have helped himself to public money. 他被發(fā)現(xiàn)挪用了公款。 2. 其后有時(shí)可接 that 從句。如: I found that the book was very interesting. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有趣。 They found that he was no longer working there. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他已經(jīng)不在那兒工作了。 He found (that) no one could answer his question. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有人能回答他的問題。 When he arrived, he found that she had gone. 當(dāng)他到達(dá)時(shí),他發(fā)現(xiàn)她已經(jīng)走了。 注:后接 that 從句時(shí),只要句型適合且不影響原意,有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),如上面的前面兩句可轉(zhuǎn)換為(但后面兩句則適合這種轉(zhuǎn)換,因?yàn)閺木渲杏昧饲閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞或完成時(shí)態(tài)): I found the book very interesting. They fould him no longer working there. 3. 可以帶雙賓語,若雙賓語交換位置用介詞 for。如: Please find me my key. /Please find my key for me. 請(qǐng)給我找到我的鑰匙。 We found him a good job. /We found a good job for him. 我們?yōu)樗伊朔莺霉ぷ鳌?/p> 比較下句(此句 found 后為復(fù)合賓語): We found him a good teacher. (=We found (that) he was a good teacher. ) 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是位好老師 4. 用于find out, 表示通過調(diào)查或觀察詢問等而查明情況或弄清事實(shí)真相等。如: We must find out the truth of the matter. 我們必須查明事實(shí)真相。 If you pretend, you may be found out. 如果你假裝,有可能會(huì)被揭露的。 5. 用于 find oneself, 主要用法: (1) 表示(突然)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于某種狀態(tài)或來到某地方,通常帶有一種出乎意料的意味。如: He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。 He returned to England to find himself famous. 他回到英國(guó),發(fā)現(xiàn)自己竟出了名。 (2) 表示發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的真實(shí)能力、性格、愿望等。如: Mary tried several jobs but at last found herself as a teacher. 瑪麗試做了幾種工作,但最后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還是適合于當(dāng)老師。 (3) 指某人身體方面的自我感覺。如: How do you find yourself today? 今天你覺得身體怎樣? ◆fine adj. 1. 用作形容詞,fine 是一個(gè)用法十分廣泛的詞,除表示天氣晴朗外,還可表示“好的(=good)”、“美麗的(beautiful)”、“優(yōu)秀的(=excellent)”、“令人愉快的(=pleasant)”等,這樣用的 fine可以有比較級(jí),也可以受副詞 very 的修飾。如: The painting is really very fine. 這幅畫的確很美。 He is a fine pianist. 他是位出色的鋼琴家。 I’ve never seen a finer animal. 這是我見過最美的動(dòng)物。 We had a fine holiday in Paris. 我們?cè)诎屠瓒冗^了一個(gè)愉快的假期。 2. 在口語中可用來表示身體或情況令人滿意,此時(shí)通常只用作表語,且一般沒有比較等級(jí),也不受副詞 very 的修飾。如: A:How’s your mother? 你媽媽好嗎? B:She’s fine, thank you. 她很好,謝謝。 A:How’s the new job? 新的工作怎么樣? B: It’s fine, thank you. 很好,謝謝。 3. 用于 fine and, 后接形容詞或副詞,用以加強(qiáng)語氣(=very)。如: The room is fine and cold. 這房間很冷。 The boy ran fine and fast. 這男孩跑得很快。 4. 在口語中有時(shí)用作副詞(=very well)。如: It suits me fine. 這很適合我。 The machine works fine if you oil it. 如果你給這部機(jī)器上點(diǎn)油,它就能很好地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。 5. 用于其它詞詞性: (1) 用作形容詞或副詞,表示“細(xì)小的(地)”。如: fine rain (sand, dust, powder) 細(xì)雨(細(xì)沙,細(xì)灰塵,細(xì)粉沫) Cut up the vegetables very fine. 把菜切得碎碎的。 (2) 用動(dòng)詞(及物)或名詞(可數(shù)),表示“罰款”。如: He paid a fine of $30. /He paid a $30 fine. 他付了30美元的罰款。 The court fined him $200. 法庭罰他200美元。 The driver was fined 30 pounds for speeding. 這位司機(jī)因超速被罰款30英鎊。 ◆finish v. 1. 表示“完成”,其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí),要用動(dòng)名詞,而不能用不定式。如: Have you not finished speaking? 你還沒講完嗎? He hasn’t finished writing his book. 他那本書還沒寫完。 注:當(dāng) finish 之后的動(dòng)名詞帶有賓語時(shí),有時(shí)可省去動(dòng)名詞(如果意義清楚的話)。如: He has finished (doing) his work. 他把工作做完了。 2. 用作不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“結(jié)束”或“完成”。如: He didn’t finish in time. 他沒有及時(shí)完成。 The meeting will finish at 3 o’clock. 會(huì)議三點(diǎn)結(jié)束。 The party finished with a song. 晚會(huì)最后唱了首歌結(jié)束了。 3. 用過去分詞作表語,表示“準(zhǔn)備好了”、“做完了”。如: At last she was finished too. 最后她也做完了。 1. 泛指一般意義的“火”,是不可數(shù)名詞。如: Paper catches fire easily. 紙很容易著火。 The house was completely destroyed by fire. 房子被大火全毀了。 比較以下各句(注意動(dòng)詞與介詞的不同搭配): The house was on fire. 房子著火了(著重狀態(tài))。 The house took [caught] fire. 房子著火了(著重動(dòng)作)。 He set fire to the house. =He set the house on fire. 他放火燒了房子(著重動(dòng)作,且強(qiáng)調(diào)有意放火)。 2. 表示具體意義的“火災(zāi)”或“爐火”等,是可數(shù)名詞。如: A fire took place in that street. 那條街發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。 There were several fires in this city last month. 上個(gè)月這個(gè)城市發(fā)生了好幾起火災(zāi)。 It’s too cold, and I’ll make [build, light] a fire in the room. 我要屋里生個(gè)火。 注:即使表示“火災(zāi)”,若不是指具體的一起一起的“火災(zāi)”,而是指意義較為抽象的“火災(zāi)”,它也通常是不可數(shù)名詞。如: Look out for fire. 小心火災(zāi)。 In case of fire ring the bell. 萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi),請(qǐng)按鈴。 3. 香煙、火柴、打火機(jī)等的“火”,在英語中不能用 fire 來表示,而用 light。如: Can you give me a light, please? 勞駕,能借個(gè)火嗎? (英語語法網(wǎng)) |
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