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1789年7月14日法國(guó)人民攻占巴士底獄,這也成為法國(guó)革命開(kāi)始的信號(hào)。此次革命給法國(guó)帶來(lái)全新的座右銘:liberté, égalité, fraternité (liberty / 自由、equality / 平等、)fraternity / 博愛(ài)),它也引發(fā)了更為黑暗的 terrorisme (terrorism / 恐怖主義)。Terrorisme 一詞也于1795年借由法語(yǔ)傳入英語(yǔ)。
今日,我們大體了解一些源自法語(yǔ)的英文詞匯,逐一標(biāo)注音標(biāo)并解釋其復(fù)雜含義,幫助大家正確念出和掌握這些單詞。
Abattoir Brit. /?ab?twɑ?/, U.S. /??b??twɑr/ 屠宰場(chǎng),源自法語(yǔ) abattre,意為“to fell; to strike down”。 Chagrin /???ɡri?n/ /???ɡr?n/ /??aɡr?n/ 失敗或被羞辱時(shí)的煩惱或苦惱,英語(yǔ)直譯為“rough skin, shagreen”。例句:Theymanaged..to..conceal their chagrin if they felt any. Debris Brit. /?d?bri?/, /?de?bri?/, /d?bri/, U.S. /d??bri/, /??de??bri/ 垃圾或遺骸散落的碎片,源自法語(yǔ) débriser,意為“break down”。例句:workmen were clearing the roads of the debris from shattered buildings. Denouement /de??nu?m??/ 戲劇、電影或敘事的最后一節(jié),其中不同線路的情節(jié)糾葛在一起,事件得以說(shuō)明清楚或解決;做出決定或事情明了時(shí)某個(gè)情況的結(jié)果。該詞由 dénouer / unknot 變化而來(lái)。例句:the film's denouement was unsatisfying and ambiguous。
Détente /de??tɑ?nt/ 尤指兩國(guó)之間敵對(duì)或緊張關(guān)系得以緩和,源自法語(yǔ) détente(loosening, relaxation)。例句:During the Cold War there were periods of detente when arms control played a part in helping to enhance confidence between the adversaries.
Entrepreneur Brit. /??ntr?pr??n??/, U.S./??ɑntr?pr???n?r/ 企業(yè)家,創(chuàng)建業(yè)務(wù)并承受財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以期獲得盈利。由法語(yǔ)詞匯 entreprendre(undertake / 承擔(dān))發(fā)展而來(lái)。例句:Property is the investment of choice for many of today's eager entrepreneurs. Faux pas /f?? ?pɑ?/ 社交場(chǎng)合令人尷尬或粗魯?shù)难孕?,直譯為“false step”。例句:For example, they might be less likely to recognize that a social faux pas or insult could cause someone else offence. Melee Brit. /?m?le?/, /m??le?/, U.S. /?me?le?/ 混戰(zhàn),也可指混亂的一群人,是古法語(yǔ) meslee 的變體,源自中世紀(jì)拉丁語(yǔ) misculare(mix)。例句:Curious tourists and reporters were often trapped in the melees.’ Oeuvre Brit. /???vr?/, U.S. /??vr?/ 畫(huà)家、作曲家或作者的全部主要作品,英文直譯為“work”。例句:Raymond Lister at Cambridge..is currently working on an oeuvre catalogue for [Samuel] Palmer. Raison d’être Brit. /?re?z?? ?d?tr(?)/, U.S. /?re?z?n ?d?tr?/ 某事物存在最為重要的原因或目的,直譯成英文為“reason for being”。例句:Moreover, says Schein, the raison d'être of general management lies in getting sub-cultures to work together. Sabotage /?sab?tɑ??/ 尤指為了獲得政治或軍事優(yōu)勢(shì)故意破壞、毀壞或阻礙,源自法語(yǔ) saboteur,意為“kick with sabots, wilfully destroy”。Sabots 是從整塊木頭中雕刻和鏤空成的簡(jiǎn)單木屐,曾是法國(guó)布里多尼農(nóng)民的傳統(tǒng)鞋子。例句:‘powerlines from South Africa were sabotaged by rebel forces’。 Tableau Brit. /?tabl??/, U.S. /?t??blo?/, /?ta?blo?/ 由一組模特或靜態(tài)人物展示某個(gè)歷史故事場(chǎng)景,英文直譯為“picture”。例句: We make an odd tableau, the pair of us; hands in pockets, noses pressed up against the plate glass.
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來(lái)自: 木頭1018 > 《教育 英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)》