句型1

　　would rather that somebody did…“寧愿……;更愿意……”(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望)
　　would rather that somebody had done…“寧愿……;更愿意……”(表示過去的愿望)

　　[例句]
　　I‘d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想讓你現(xiàn)在去寄信。
　　I‘d rather that i hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天沒有看到她。

　　句型2
　　as if/though+主語(yǔ)+did/had done…好像……(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況用過去時(shí);表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí))[參考句型4]

　　[例句]
　　Alan talked about rome as if he had been there. Alan談起羅馬來(lái)就好像他去過那里似的。

　　句型3
　　“wish +賓語(yǔ)從句”，表示不大 可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
　　表示現(xiàn)在的愿望：主語(yǔ)+過去時(shí);
　　表示過去的愿望：主語(yǔ)+had done;
　　表示將來(lái)的愿望：主語(yǔ)+would/could do

　　[例句]
　　How i wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!我們學(xué)生多么希望有更多的自由時(shí)間放松自己！

　　句型4
　　it‘s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就該……

　　[例句]
　　It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 該是我們?yōu)榄h(huán)保做些事情了。

　　句型5
　　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式完成結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
　　could have done “本來(lái)可以……”(表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能)。
　　might have done “本來(lái)可能……;本來(lái)應(yīng)該或可以做某事”(實(shí)際沒有發(fā)生;含有輕微的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣。
　　should/ought to have done “本來(lái)該做某事”(而實(shí)際未做)
　　should not/ought not to have done “本來(lái)不該做”(實(shí)際卻做過了，含有責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣)
　　needn’t have done “本來(lái)不必做”(但是已經(jīng)做過了)
　　would rather have done “當(dāng)時(shí)寧愿做了某事”(實(shí)際沒有做過);否定式would rather not have done表達(dá)相反意思，兩者都有表示“后悔”之意。

　　句型6
　　as， though， although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
　　[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞放在連詞前。

　　[例句]
　　Although/though i‘m young， i already know what career i want to follow
　　→young as/though i am， i already know what career i want to follow.
　　我雖然年輕，但我已經(jīng)明白我應(yīng)該追隨什么樣的事業(yè)。
   　Strange as it may seem， nobody was injured in the accident. 這次意外雖然顯得不可思議，卻沒有人受傷。　

　　句型7
　　…before…特殊用法(1)“沒來(lái)得及……就……”

　　[例句]
　　The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
　　他還沒有來(lái)得及沖進(jìn)房間救孩子，房頂就塌了。

      He ran off before i could stop him. 我還沒有來(lái)得及阻止，他已經(jīng)跑了。

　　句型8
　　it was + 時(shí)間段+before…?！斑^了多久才(怎么樣)……”
　　it was not long before…。“不久，就……”
　　it will (not) be +時(shí)間段+before…?！耙^多久(不久)……才……”(before從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般時(shí)態(tài))

　　[例句]
　　it was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意識(shí)到他處境的危險(xiǎn)。
　　it was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回來(lái)。

　　句型9
　　in case of…(+n.) “以防;萬(wàn)一”;
　　in case that…“以防，萬(wàn)一……”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或should+動(dòng)詞原形)

　　[例句]
　　Please remind me about it in case i forget/should forget. 萬(wàn)一我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?br>

　　句型10
　　it強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成：it is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 + who(主要指人時(shí))/that + 其余部分

　　[例句1]
　　i saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
　　→it was i who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
　　→it was in the street that i saw him yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
　　→it was yesterday afternoon that i saw him in the street.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
　　→it was him that/who i saw in the street yesterday afternoon.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))

　　句型11
　　(1)、祈使句(表?xiàng)l件)+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句(表結(jié)果)… “否則…，要不然…”
　　(2)、祈使句(表?xiàng)l件)+ and +主句(表結(jié)果)

　　[例句]
　　Please call me up before you come， otherwise/or else/or we might be out
　　你來(lái)之前打個(gè)電話，否則，我們也許會(huì)出去。
　　Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。

　　句型12
　　…until…?！爸钡健瓡r(shí)候”;not…until…“直到……才……”

　　[例句]
　　You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你媽媽回來(lái)。
　　Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(倒裝句)
　　等到湖里的魚全死光了，村民們才意識(shí)到污染是多么嚴(yán)重。

　　句型13
　　unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not)

　　[例句]
　　I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。
　　I won‘t go unless he comes to invite me himself.除非他本人來(lái)邀請(qǐng)我，不然我是不會(huì)去的。