狀語從句的析與練 

    用來修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞等而充當(dāng)狀語的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句常用從屬連詞來引導(dǎo)，與主句連接起來。若置于句末，則前面不加逗號(hào)。根據(jù)意義和作用，狀語從句可分為時(shí)間原因條件等幾種。下面我們就來分析一下這幾種狀語從句。 

1 時(shí)間狀語從句

    時(shí)間狀語從句常用從屬連詞when, after, until, as soon as, 等來引導(dǎo)。

當(dāng)主句是祈使句或謂語動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其時(shí)間狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。這就是我們常說的“主將從現(xiàn)”。

如：Please call me when you get there.  當(dāng)你到那時(shí)，請(qǐng)給我打個(gè)電話。

    I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.  我一到北京就給你寫信。

<溫馨提示> since 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示“自從…以來”，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)，用過去時(shí)；而主句的動(dòng)作延續(xù)的情況則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。常用的句型為：

    It has been/ is + 一段時(shí)間+ since + 過去時(shí)。

如：I has been/ is three years since we met last time.  自從我們上次見面，已經(jīng)三年了。 

2 條件狀語從句

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞或詞組有：if （如果), unless（除非）, as long as（只要）等。如果主句是將來時(shí)，條件狀語從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示。

如：I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.   如果明天下雨，我就待在家。

    You can’t learn English well unless you work hard. 

除非你努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則是學(xué)不好英語的。

<溫馨提示> 由if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，若從句表達(dá)的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事實(shí)，則常用虛擬語氣，即用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示（如果涉及到be動(dòng)詞，一律都用were）。此時(shí)，主句則用過去將來時(shí)。

如：If I had enough money, I would buy it for you.  如果我又足夠的錢，我將把它買給你。

    I wouldn’t do it if I were you.   如果我是你，我是不會(huì)做的。 

3 原因狀語從句

because, since, as, for 都可用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，那么它們又有哪些區(qū)別呢？

① because 用來表示“造成某種結(jié)果的直接原因”，語氣較濃，常用來回答why提出的問句。如：

   --- Why are you late?

   --- Because my bike is broken.

② as 和since用來表示“看的到的或是不說也知道的原因”，since 也可譯作：“既然”。

如：As he is old enough, let him do it.    他既然長(zhǎng)大了，就讓他干吧！

    Since his shoes are worn out, let’s buy him a new pair.

    既然他的鞋壞了，那我們就給他買雙新的吧。

③ for 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句不置于句首，常用來表示“順便提及的理由”，只是稍帶說明原因，并非強(qiáng)調(diào)。

如：I must stay here, for it’s raining so hard.   我必須得待在這兒，因?yàn)橛晗碌暮艽蟆?/p>

    當(dāng)然，除了以上提到的幾種狀語從句之外，我們還學(xué)過由than 引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句，由so …that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句等。在具體作題時(shí)，只要保持清醒地頭腦，仔細(xì)地審題，冷靜的分析，相信會(huì)取得好成績(jī)！怎么樣，來幾道練習(xí)題挑戰(zhàn)一下吧！  

真題鏈接 

（  ）1. You’ll do much better _____ you’re more careful with your spelling.

       A. if    B. before   C. although   D. unless    （2006 陜西）

（  ）2. _____ you told me, I heard nothing of what happened.

       A. Until   B. After    C. If     D. Since      （2006 濰坊）

（  ）3. I don’t understand the text______ there are few new words in it.

       A. so   B. because    C. if   D. though    （2006 青島）

（  ）4. I sit in the front of the classroom ______ I can hear clearly.

       A. so that   B. when   C. in order   （2006 青海）

（  ）5. ---Come and join us, Jimmy!        

        --- I’m sorry, but I ‘m really busy now. If I ______time, I would certainly go.

       A. will have   B. have had   C. had   D. have   （2006 河南）

（  ）6. --- Would you please give this message to Jay when he _________?

        --- Yes, I will.                           

       A. will come   B. would come   C. comes   D. is coming   （2006 杭州）

（  ）7. If you don’t go to the meeting tomorrow,_________.

       A. he will, too    B. he won’t, either      

       C. he does, too     D. he doesn’t, either      （2006 重慶）

（  ）8. ---Did David go to school yesterday?

        ---No, ______he had a bad cold.

       A. because      B. if      C. though      （2006 佛山）

（  ）9. Most people ______when the big earthquake took place in that area.

       A. are sleeping   B. were sleeping   C. slept    D. sleep.  （2006 上海）

（  ）10. If _______sunny tomorrow, I________ fishing in South Lake.

        A. is, go    B. will be, go   C. is, will go   D. will be, will go （2006 昆明）

大顯身手

單項(xiàng)選擇

（  ）11.I know nothing about the news _____ my friend told me yesterday.

        A. because   B. since   C. until   D. after

（  ）12. I will tell him if I _______ him.

        A. saw    B. will see   C. seeing   D. see

（  ）13. I am sleepy ______ I didn’t sleep well last night.

        A. when   B. that   C. because   D. so

（  ）14. They won’t be back until the work________.

        A. do   B. does   C. is done   D. will do

（  ）15.--- When will you call me?

        --- I will call you as soon as _______ in Shanghai.

        A. arrive    B. arrives   C. arriving   D. will arrive

（  ）16. I’ll go to cinema this Sunday_________.

        A. if it will be sunny     B. if I’m free

        C. when I have no time   D. because I’m busy.

（  ）17. Don’t worry. I’ll tell Mrs. White _____she comes back.

        A. when   B. how   C. why   D. where

（  ）18. _______he studies hard, _______he doesn’t pass the exam.

        A. Though, but   B. Though, /   C. But, Though   D. But, /

（  ）19. It has been two months since I ______my hometown.

        A. leave   B. will leave   C. left   D. have left

（  ）20. The coat is ______ expensive _____ I can’t afford it.

        A. such, that    B. so, but   C. so, that   D. such, that

句型轉(zhuǎn)換

21. Wang Xiao didn’t go to school. She had a fever.  （合并為一個(gè)復(fù)合句）

   Wang Xiao didn’t go to school _________she had a fever.

22. If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam.  （改為同義句）

   You won’t pass the exam _______ you study hard.

23. I am 15. My brother is 13.  （合并為一個(gè)復(fù)合句）

   I am two years older ________my brother.

24. It’s raining heavily, but I still go to school.  （改為同義句）

   I still go to school _________ it’s raining heavily.

25. It is three years since I joined the army. （改為完成時(shí)態(tài)）

   I have ________ ________ the army for three years.

翻譯句子

26. I will show him the new book as soon as he _______________.  （到這兒來）

27. What will she do when she _____________?  （長(zhǎng)大）

28. We will go out to play if it _____________ tomorrow.  （不下雪）

29. While my mother ____________, someone knocked at the door.   （做飯）

30. Turn off the lights before you __________________. （離開教室） 

練習(xí)題參考答案

1-5 AADAC    6-10 CBABC      11-15 CDCCA      16-20 BABCC

21. because     22. unless      23. than      24. though / although      25. been in

26. comes here   27. grows up  28. doesn’t snow   29. was cooking   30. leave the classroom