《老外來找茬》，王霸膽帶你挖掘chinglish
第十一期的《老外來找茬》又與大家見面啦~
你知道 不需要 的英語怎么說嗎？
don't need to還是 needn't,額 ...
別擔心，霸膽今天就教你到底怎么用~
戳全文有音頻中英對照全文，點擊前先試試自己能聽懂多少哦！
喜歡本期節(jié)目就為外國朋友點贊轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)吧~
- 本期學習內(nèi)容 -
Ho, welcome to mine showeth. I am thy host, Wang Ba Dan! At the present day I wilt teachest thee a most important point of grammar!
久違！歡迎各位大駕光臨吾之《洋夷尋釁》，吾乃列位之主持人王霸膽是也，今日于此，吾將就一語法之要點而論，不妥之處，萬望海涵！
…but first I’m going to stop speaking in this ridiculous accent. Does it sound weird to you? Yeah, me too. That’s because I’m speaking in Shakespearean English, not modern English. It turns out that modern English and older English, like Shakespearean English, actually have quite a few lexical differences, not to mention differences in accents.
…但首先呢，我就不再用那么扯的說話方式了。聽起來是不是很怪??？對，我自己都那么覺得。因為我剛是用莎士比亞的風格在說英語，并不是現(xiàn)代漢語。這就體現(xiàn)出了現(xiàn)代英語和古英語（像莎士比亞的英語）之間的，會有許多用詞上的區(qū)別，更不用說口音了。
In today’s episode of 老外來找茬, we’re going to explore a mistake that is both Shakespearean English and Chinglish: failing to use the word “don’t” in its appropriate place.
在今天的老外來找茬中，我們要來看看一些莎士比亞英語和中式英語都會有的錯誤：不在合適的地方使用單詞“don’t”。
If you like today’s lesson, remember to subscribe to my WeChat official account 王霸膽 to receive every update!
如果你喜歡今天的課程，記得要關(guān)注我的微信公眾號：王霸膽，來收到每次的推送。
You needn’t come over today.
I haven’t any problem with this sentence.
I want’nt not to go to school!
Uhh, do any of these sound weird to you? I feel like I’ve been transported back to the 17th century. But actually, two of these sentences contain grammar mistakes that I hear pretty often here in China. The third is completely made up. Do you know which ones are real Chinglish?
呃…這些在你聽起來會不會很奇怪呢？至少我會覺得好像穿越到了十七世紀一樣。但其實，這里面前兩個句子包含著的語法，我在中國是經(jīng)常聽得到的。還一個則完全是我編出來的，你能看出哪兩個是中式英語嗎？
Yep, number one and two are both examples of Chinglish. How are they created? Let’s take a look at the original Chinese.
對的，前兩個句子就是中式英語的例子。他們是怎么產(chǎn)生的呢？我們先來看看原本的中文。
今天你不需要過來。
我對這個句子沒有任何問題。
There’s actually a lot happening here, so let’s take it one example at a time.
其實這兩個問題還挺常見的，那么我們就一個一個例子來看吧。
You needn’t come over today. 今天你不需要過來. Here, need is the root verb, and not is a particle added to it. In old English, people used to simply add “not” to the root verb, like in this example. However, in modern English, this practice isn’t as common. Instead, we first add the verb “do” followed by “not” followed by the main verb “need”. So it would be “do not need” or “don’t need.” This means that the correct translation of 今天你不需要來 would be “You don’t need to come today”.
You needn’t come over today. 今天你不需要過來。在這里，need是一個原形動詞，not是一個小品詞要跟隨其后。在古英語中，人們會直接在原形動詞后面加not，就像剛那個例子一樣。然而在現(xiàn)代英語中，這個用法并不常見。實際上，我們會先用一個動詞do加上not，然后再跟著主要的動詞need。所以就會是“do not need”或者說“don’t need”。那么，“你今天不需要過來”的正確翻譯應(yīng)該是“You don’t need to come today”
Some other examples would be
同樣的例子還有:
你不需要來看我
You don’t need to come see me.
我不需要你
I don’t need you.
他再也不需要讀書
He doesn’t need to study anymore.
So if you catch yourself saying “Needn’t”, just remember that English speakers are going to think you learned your English by reading Shakespeare. I guess that’s not the worst impression to leave!
所以如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你下次還是說了 “Needn’t”，你就要想到母語人士會覺得你的英語是從莎士比亞的書里學的。我覺得讓人留下這個第一印象應(yīng)該也不太好，是吧？
Our second example 我對這個句子沒有任何問題 “I haven’t any problem with this sentence” is also an interesting case. You will probably say, “I’ve definitely heard people saying the word haven’t”. Yes, we do! However, not in the same way. In Modern English, haven’t is only used in present perfect tense, as in “I haven’t seen Zootopia yet.”
我們的第二個例子 我對這個句子沒有任何問題：“I haven’t any problem with this sentence” 也是一個很有趣的現(xiàn)象。你可能會說“我絕對有聽過人們會說haven’t”。沒錯，我們是會說這個詞，但是不是在這兒！在現(xiàn)代英語中，haven’t 只會用在完成時態(tài)中，比如“I haven’t seen Zootopia yet”（我還沒有看《瘋狂動物城》）。
It must be used in conjunction with another verb. Most people wouldn’t use it with a noun, like “I haven’t an iPhone”. One exception is “I haven’t the slightest idea!” which is an interesting fossil of old English. In most cases, we will say “I don’t have an iPhone.”
它一定要跟著另外一個動詞使用。大多數(shù)人不會把它用在名詞前，譬如“I haven’t an iPhone”。除了這句話：“I haven’t the slightest idea!” 這是一句很好玩的從古英語遺留下來的用法。在大多數(shù)情況下，我們會說“I don’t have an iPhone.”
Some other examples would be
同樣的例子還有:
我沒有錢
I don’t have any money.
我沒有你想要的東西
I don’t have what you’re looking for
你沒有任何機會
You don’t have a chance.
Your teachers may have taught you that saying “I haven’t any money” is proper English, but it’s not. It’s outdated, and people will think you’re a time-traveler if you talk like that.
你的老師也許會教你說“I haven’t any money” 是正確的英語，但其實并不是。這是過時的英語，如果你這么說話的話，人們會覺得你是個穿越過來的人。
Well, that’s all for today. If you like today’s lesson, remember to subscribe to my WeChat official account 王霸膽 to receive every update! 我會用最溜的中文教你最溜的英語.
Thanks for tuning into 老外來找茬, I’m your host WBD. See you next time! Peace out!
感謝收聽“老外來找茬”。我是你們的主播王霸膽。下次讓我們繼續(xù)來糾正中式英語！拜~
實用單詞表
Shakespearean /?e?k?sp??r??n/
adj. 莎士比亞的（作品），有莎士比亞風格的
Hamlet is a classical Shakesperean tragedy.
哈姆雷特是經(jīng)典的莎士比亞悲劇。
lexical/?l?ks?k?l/
adj. 詞匯上的
Please give me a lexical analysis of this poem.
請你做一個關(guān)于這首詩中的用詞解析。
appropriate/??pr??pr??t/
adj. 適合的，得當?shù)?/p>
Ross does not know how to appropriately compliment women.
羅斯不知道要怎么得體地去贊美女性。
transport /?tr?nsp??t/
v. 傳送，運送
It is dangerous to transport illegal narcotics.
非法攜帶毒品是很危險的。
time-traveler /ta?m-?tr?vl?/
n. 時間旅行者，穿越時空的人
Ross wishes he were a time-traveler, so he could go back in time and prevent his birth.
羅斯希望他能夠穿越時空，這樣他就能回去阻止他自己的誕生。（?＿?；）
