“大寒已過臘來時，萬物那逃出入機?！?/p>

今天是農歷二十四節(jié)氣中的最后一個節(jié)氣——“大寒”。

Major cold - The last of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms.

同時，一股霸王級的寒潮正在席卷全國，所到之處大地冰凍。

中央氣象臺預計，21日到25日，氣溫還將繼續(xù)下跌，中東部普遍再降溫6-8℃，局地降溫14℃，還有9級陣風！南方也將出現(xiàn)大范圍雨雪！

看看下面這張圖，感受一下藍色寒潮的威力。

*描述寒潮天氣*

我們先來看看英文報道是怎樣描述這股霸王寒潮的。

Most parts of China will experience a rapid drop in temperatures along with snow and rain in the coming days as a strong cold front is on the way to hit.
一股超級寒潮正席卷而來，未來幾天，我國大部分地區(qū)將經(jīng)歷迅速降溫和雨雪天氣。

cold front：寒潮、冷鋒

The National Meteorological Center said temperatures will drop sharply in northwestern, northern and northeastern China, with temperatures in some areas down by up to 14 degrees Celsius.
國家氣象中心稱，中國西北部、華北、東北地區(qū)將大幅降溫，局地降溫將達14℃。

meteorological [,mi?t??r?'l?d??k?l]：氣象的；氣象學的

Celsius ['sels??s] ：攝氏度

Meteorological authorities in eastern Jiangxi Province forecast a cold snap from Wednesday, adding rain and snow to the coldest week since 1992.
江西省氣象部門預計寒潮周三來襲，伴隨著雨雪天氣，這將是該省1992年以來最寒冷的一周。

cold snap：寒潮

Sleet and freezing rain is forecast to hit southwest China's Guizhou Province from Thursday to Saturday.
周四到周六，貴州省將迎來雨夾雪、凍雨天氣。

Sleet [sli?t]：雨夾雪

*寒 潮*

人們通常用cold snap、cold wave、cold front、cold spell來表達寒潮。

寒潮是指strong cold air（強冷空氣）由亞洲大陸西部或西北部侵襲中國時的強降溫天氣過程，一般多發(fā)生在秋末、冬季、初春時節(jié)。

當范圍很大的cold air mass（冷氣團）聚集到一定程度，就會大規(guī)模向南入侵，形成寒潮天氣。寒潮地面高壓的前端一般都有一條cold front（冷鋒）。寒潮過后，當?shù)貢躭ow pressure area（低氣壓）控制。

*關于寒冷的形容詞*

▌crisp

cold and dry
輕微干冷

例句：

Pasto is almost 8,300 feet up in the mountains, so it was cold and crisp, with a blaze of stars across the sky.
帕斯托地處8300英尺海拔高的山脈，又冷又干，天空中閃耀著星星。

▌brisk

fairly cold and a fairly strong wind is blowing
寒冷干燥、寒風猛烈

例句：

A brisk northwest wind swept across the city.
寒冷干燥的西北風橫掃了這個城市。

▌harsh

extremely cold and unpleasant
酷寒

例句：

Harsh weather in the west has left communities buried in snow.
西部地區(qū)的酷寒使整個社區(qū)掩埋在雪里。

▌bleak

very cold and grey
陰冷

例句：

The weather can be extremely bleak on the south.
南部地區(qū)的天氣會極度陰冷。

▌biting

so cold that makes you feel very uncomfortable
刺骨的寒冷

例句：

He leant forward to protect himself against the biting wind.
他佝僂著身體以避寒風。

▌raw

unpleasantly cold
陰冷

例句：

Once they cleared the housetops, the wind was raw and biting.
他們清掃完屋頂后，頓時感到陰冷的刺骨寒風。

▌frosty

cold enough to produce frost
霜凍的寒冷

例句：

He breathed in the frosty air.
他吸進冰冷的空氣。

▌icy

extremely cold；an icy road has ice on it
冰冷的；結冰的

例句：

It's icy out there! Be careful!
外面結冰了，路上小心！

*寒冷的天氣現(xiàn)象*

▌blizzard

a big strong winter storm with lots of snow and wind
暴風雪

例句：

In some parts of Zhejiang, residents will experience blizzard conditions.
浙江部分地區(qū)會遭遇暴風雪天氣。

▌flurry

a light, brief shower of snow
小陣雪

例句：

Flurries began to fall for a number of hours before the storm really started.
暴風來臨前，小陣雪持續(xù)了數(shù)個小時。

▌frost

a thin layer of ice crystals that form on a frozen surface like grass or a car
霜

例句：

I know winter is coming when I begin to see frost in the yard in the morning.
當我在看見院子里的霜時，我知道冬天來了。

▌hail

small pieces of ice that fall from the sky
冰雹

例句：

The hail was so big it made dents in people’s cars and cracked windshields.
大塊冰雹在人們的車上砸出了凹痕，砸裂了擋風玻璃。

▌sleet

a mixture of rain and snow
雨夾雪

例句：

Sleet is my least favorite kind of weather because it is both cold and wet.
雨夾雪是最討人厭的天氣，因為它又寒冷又潮濕。

▌freezing rain

rain that falls when surface temperatures are below freezing
凍雨

例句：

Icy weather and freezing rain continue to batter regions across South China.
冰冷天氣和凍雨將繼續(xù)侵襲南方地區(qū)。

注：凍雨不同于雨夾雪或冰雹，這種雨從天空落下時是低于0°C的過冷水滴，在碰到樹枝、電線、地面或其他地上物，就會在這些物體上凍結成外表光滑、晶瑩透明的一層冰殼。

*集中供暖*

下面是拉仇恨的部分，都說冬天是“北方人得瑟，南方人哆嗦”的季節(jié)。

因為有一條南北供暖分界線（North-South Central Heating Supply Line），這條線以秦嶺、淮河為界，劃定了北方集中供暖區(qū)。

北方采用的集中供暖系統(tǒng)稱為central heating system。

“供暖”也稱為heating supply。

提供集中供暖（central heating）的這段時間也就是heating season，供暖季。

而沒有暖氣的南方人民，到了冬天，只能靠空調或者電暖器取暖了（southern residents are forced to rely on air conditioners and heaters）。

不管你在南方北方，寒潮當前，還是多穿點吧！