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android藍(lán)牙開(kāi)發(fā) 藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的查找和連接

 quasiceo 2015-09-19
android藍(lán)牙開(kāi)發(fā) 藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的查找和連接
2012-10-17      0 個(gè)評(píng)論       作者:centralperk
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Android對(duì)于藍(lán)牙開(kāi)發(fā)從2.0版本的sdk才開(kāi)始支持,而且模擬器不支持,測(cè)試至少需要兩部手機(jī),所以制約了很多技術(shù)人員的開(kāi)發(fā)。
      1.  首先,要操作藍(lán)牙,先要在AndroidManifest.xml里加入權(quán)限

  // 管理藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的權(quán)限  

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

 // 使用藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的權(quán)限  

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

2.打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙
獲得藍(lán)牙適配器(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter),檢查該設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙,如果支持,就打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙。

[java]
// 檢查設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙      
adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    
if (adapter == null)    
{    
    // 設(shè)備不支持藍(lán)牙      
}    
// 打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙      
if (!adapter.isEnabled())    
{    
    Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);    
    // 設(shè)置藍(lán)牙可見(jiàn)性,最多300秒      
    intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);    
    context.startActivity(intent);    
}   

// 檢查設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙   
adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();  
if (adapter == null)  
{  
    // 設(shè)備不支持藍(lán)牙   
}  
// 打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙   
if (!adapter.isEnabled())  
{  
    Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);  
    // 設(shè)置藍(lán)牙可見(jiàn)性,最多300秒   
    intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);  
    context.startActivity(intent);  

3.獲取已配對(duì)的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice)
首次連接某藍(lán)牙設(shè)備需要先配對(duì),一旦配對(duì)成功,該設(shè)備的信息會(huì)被保存,以后連接時(shí)無(wú)需再配對(duì),所以已配對(duì)的設(shè)備不一定是能連接的。

[java]
BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    
Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();    
for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)    
{    
    BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();    
   System.out.println(device.getName());    
}   

BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();  
Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();  
for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)  
{  
    BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();  
   System.out.println(device.getName());  

4.搜索周圍的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備
適配器搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備后將結(jié)果以廣播形式傳出去,所以需要自定義一個(gè)繼承廣播的類,在onReceive方法中獲得并處理藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的搜索結(jié)果。

[java]
// 設(shè)置廣播信息過(guò)濾      
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();    
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);    
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);    
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);    
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);    
// 注冊(cè)廣播接收器,接收并處理搜索結(jié)果      
context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);    
// 尋找藍(lán)牙設(shè)備,android會(huì)將查找到的設(shè)備以廣播形式發(fā)出去      
adapter.startDiscovery();   

// 設(shè)置廣播信息過(guò)濾   
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();  
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);  
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);  
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);  
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);  
// 注冊(cè)廣播接收器,接收并處理搜索結(jié)果   
context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);  
// 尋找藍(lán)牙設(shè)備,android會(huì)將查找到的設(shè)備以廣播形式發(fā)出去   
adapter.startDiscovery();  自定義廣播類

[java]
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {    
   @Override    
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {    
       String action = intent.getAction();    
        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {    
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
            System.out.println(device.getName());    
       }    
   }    

private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
   @Override  
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
       String action = intent.getAction();  
        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {  
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
            System.out.println(device.getName());  
       }  
   }  
}
5.藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的配對(duì)和狀態(tài)監(jiān)視

[java]
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {    
    @Override    
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {    
        String action = intent.getAction();    
        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {    
            // 獲取查找到的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備      
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
            System.out.println(device.getName());    
            // 如果查找到的設(shè)備符合要連接的設(shè)備,處理      
            if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {    
                // 搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的過(guò)程占用資源比較多,一旦找到需要連接的設(shè)備后需要及時(shí)關(guān)閉搜索      
                adapter.cancelDiscovery();    
                // 獲取藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接狀態(tài)      
                connectState = device.getBondState();    
                switch (connectState) {    
                    // 未配對(duì)      
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:    
                        // 配對(duì)      
                        try {    
                            Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");    
                            createBondMethod.invoke(device);    
                        } catch (Exception e) {     
                            e.printStackTrace();    
                        }    
                        break;    
                    // 已配對(duì)      
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:    
                        try {    
                            // 連接      
                           connect(device);    
                        } catch (IOException e) {    
                            e.printStackTrace();    
                        }    
                        break;    
                }    
            }    
       } else if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {    
            // 狀態(tài)改變的廣播      
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
            if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {     
                connectState = device.getBondState();    
                switch (connectState) {    
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:    
                        break;    
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:    
                        break;    
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:    
                        try {    
                            // 連接      
                            connect(device);    
                        } catch (IOException e) {    
                            e.printStackTrace();    
                        }    
                        break;    
                }    
            }    
        }    
    }    
}   

private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
    @Override  
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
        String action = intent.getAction();  
        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {  
            // 獲取查找到的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備   
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
            System.out.println(device.getName());  
            // 如果查找到的設(shè)備符合要連接的設(shè)備,處理   
            if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {  
                // 搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的過(guò)程占用資源比較多,一旦找到需要連接的設(shè)備后需要及時(shí)關(guān)閉搜索   
                adapter.cancelDiscovery();  
                // 獲取藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接狀態(tài)   
                connectState = device.getBondState();  
                switch (connectState) {  
                    // 未配對(duì)   
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:  
                        // 配對(duì)   
                        try {  
                            Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");  
                            createBondMethod.invoke(device);  
                        } catch (Exception e) {   
                            e.printStackTrace();  
                        }  
                        break;  
                    // 已配對(duì)   
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  
                        try {  
                            // 連接   
                           connect(device);  
                        } catch (IOException e) {  
                            e.printStackTrace();  
                        }  
                        break;  
                }  
            }  
       } else if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {  
            // 狀態(tài)改變的廣播   
            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
            if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {   
                connectState = device.getBondState();  
                switch (connectState) {  
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:  
                        break;  
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:  
                        break;  
                    case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  
                        try {  
                            // 連接   
                            connect(device);  
                        } catch (IOException e) {  
                            e.printStackTrace();  
                        }  
                        break;  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  6.藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接

[java]
private void connect(BluetoothDevice device) throws IOException {    
    // 固定的UUID      
    final String SPP_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";    
    UUID uuid = UUID.fromString(SPP_UUID);    
    BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);    
    socket.connect();    
}   

private void connect(BluetoothDevice device) throws IOException {  
    // 固定的UUID   
    final String SPP_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";  
    UUID uuid = UUID.fromString(SPP_UUID);  
    BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);  
    socket.connect();  

本篇文章來(lái)源于 Linux公社網(wǎng)站(www.)  原文鏈接:http://www./Linux/2011-12/48374.htm


 

1.BluetoothAdapter 顧名思義,藍(lán)牙適配器,直到我們建立bluetoothSocket連接之前,都要不斷操作它

      BluetoothAdapter里的方法很多,常用的有以下幾個(gè):

      cancelDiscovery() 根據(jù)字面意思,是取消發(fā)現(xiàn),也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)我們正在搜索設(shè)備的時(shí)候調(diào)用這個(gè)方法將不再繼續(xù)搜索

      disable()關(guān)閉藍(lán)牙

      enable()打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙,這個(gè)方法打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙不會(huì)彈出提示,更多的時(shí)候我們需要問(wèn)下用戶是否打開(kāi),一下這兩行代碼同樣是打開(kāi)藍(lán)牙,不過(guò)會(huì)提示用戶:

Intemtenabler=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(enabler,reCode);//同startActivity(enabler);

      getAddress()獲取本地藍(lán)牙地址

      getDefaultAdapter()獲取默認(rèn)BluetoothAdapter,實(shí)際上,也只有這一種方法獲取BluetoothAdapter

      getName()獲取本地藍(lán)牙名稱

      getRemoteDevice(String address)根據(jù)藍(lán)牙地址獲取遠(yuǎn)程藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

      getState()獲取本地藍(lán)牙適配器當(dāng)前狀態(tài)(感覺(jué)可能調(diào)試的時(shí)候更需要)

      isDiscovering()判斷當(dāng)前是否正在查找設(shè)備,是返回true

      isEnabled()判斷藍(lán)牙是否打開(kāi),已打開(kāi)返回true,否則,返回false

     listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String name,UUID uuid)根據(jù)名稱,UUID創(chuàng)建并返回BluetoothServerSocket,這是創(chuàng)建BluetoothSocket服務(wù)器端的第一步

      startDiscovery()開(kāi)始搜索,這是搜索的第一步

    2.BluetoothDevice看名字就知道,這個(gè)類描述了一個(gè)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

       createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUIDuuid)根據(jù)UUID創(chuàng)建并返回一個(gè)BluetoothSocket


       這個(gè)方法也是我們獲取BluetoothDevice的目的——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建BluetoothSocket


       這個(gè)類其他的方法,如getAddress(),getName(),同BluetoothAdapter

    3.BluetoothServerSocket如果去除了Bluetooth相信大家一定再熟悉不過(guò)了,既然是Socket,方法就應(yīng)該都差不多,


這個(gè)類一種只有三個(gè)方法


兩個(gè)重載的accept(),accept(inttimeout)兩者的區(qū)別在于后面的方法指定了過(guò)時(shí)時(shí)間,需要注意的是,執(zhí)行這兩個(gè)方法的時(shí)候,直到接收到了客戶端的請(qǐng)求(或是過(guò)期之后),都會(huì)阻塞線程,應(yīng)該放在新線程里運(yùn)行!


還有一點(diǎn)需要注意的是,這兩個(gè)方法都返回一個(gè)BluetoothSocket,最后的連接也是服務(wù)器端與客戶端的兩個(gè)BluetoothSocket的連接

      close()這個(gè)就不用說(shuō)了吧,翻譯一下——關(guān)閉!

    4.BluetoothSocket,跟BluetoothServerSocket相對(duì),是客戶端


一共5個(gè)方法,不出意外,都會(huì)用到

      close(),關(guān)閉

      connect()連接

      getInptuStream()獲取輸入流

      getOutputStream()獲取輸出流

      getRemoteDevice()獲取遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備,這里指的是獲取bluetoothSocket指定連接的那個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

 

 

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