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quartz集群分布式(并發(fā))部署解決方案

 instl 2015-06-26

項(xiàng)目中使用分布式并發(fā)部署定時(shí)任務(wù)，多臺跨JVM，按照常理邏輯每個(gè)JVM的定時(shí)任務(wù)會各自運(yùn)行，這樣就會存在問題，多臺分布式JVM機(jī)器的應(yīng)用服務(wù)同時(shí)干活，一個(gè)是加重服務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)，另外一個(gè)是存在嚴(yán)重的邏輯問題，比如需要回滾的數(shù)據(jù)，就回滾了多次，剛好quartz提供很好的解決方案。

集群分布式并發(fā)環(huán)境中使用QUARTZ定時(shí)任務(wù)調(diào)度，會在各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)會上報(bào)任務(wù)，存到數(shù)據(jù)庫中，執(zhí)行時(shí)會從數(shù)據(jù)庫中取出觸發(fā)器來執(zhí)行，如果觸發(fā)器的名稱和執(zhí)行時(shí)間相同，則只有一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)去執(zhí)行此任務(wù)。

如果此節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行失敗，則此任務(wù)則會被分派到另一節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行，中途也會自動檢查失效的定時(shí)調(diào)度，發(fā)現(xiàn)不成功的，其他節(jié)點(diǎn)立馬接過來繼續(xù)完成定時(shí)任務(wù)。對應(yīng)的定時(shí)任務(wù)調(diào)度表比較多，有11個(gè)。

此方法是結(jié)合Spring與quartz，實(shí)際解決方案如下：

####applicationContext-scheduler.xml###  spring 3.11

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www./schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context"
	xmlns:task="http://www./schema/task"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans
						http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
						http://www./schema/context
						http://www./schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
						http://www./schema/task
						http://www./schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd">

	<context:annotation-config />
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule" />


	<bean id="rollbackOrderStatus" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
		<property name="jobClass" value="com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule.ReleaseQtyAndUpdateOrderStatusSchedule" />
		<property name="durability" value="true" />
	</bean>
	<bean id="rollbackOrderStatusTrigger" class="com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule.PersistableCronTriggerFactoryBean">
		<property name="jobDetail" ref="rollbackOrderStatus" />
		<property name="cronExpression">
			<value>0 0/5 * * * ?</value>
		</property>
		<property name="timeZone">
			<value>GMT+8:00</value>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
 	
	<bean id="quartzScheduler" parent="baseQuartzScheduler">
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:quartz.properties" />
		<property name="autoStartup" value="true" />
		<!-- This name is persisted as SCHED_NAME in db. for local testing could change to unique name to avoid collision with dev server -->
		<property name="schedulerName" value="apiQuartzScheduler" />
		<!-- NOTE: Must add both the jobDetail and trigger to the scheduler! -->
		<property name="triggers">
			<list>
				<ref bean="rollbackOrderStatusTrigger" /> 
			</list>
		</property>

		<property name="jobDetails">
			<list>
				<ref bean="rollbackOrderStatus" />
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="baseQuartzScheduler" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
		<!-- 
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:quartz.properties" />
		 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="transactionManager" ref="transManager" />

		<!-- This name is persisted as SCHED_NAME in db. for local testing could change to unique name to avoid collision with dev server -->
		<property name="schedulerName" value="quartzScheduler" />

		<!-- Will update database cron triggers to what is in this jobs file on each deploy. Replaces all previous trigger and job data that was in the database. YMMV -->
		<property name="overwriteExistingJobs" value="true" />
		<!-- 
		<property name="autoStartup" value="true" />
		 -->
		<property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContext" />
		<property name="jobFactory">
			<bean class="com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule.AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory" />
		</property>
		<!-- NOTE: Must add both the jobDetail and trigger to the scheduler! -->
		<!-- 
		<property name="jobDetails">
			<list>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="triggers">
			<list>
			</list>
		</property>
		-->
	</bean>
</beans>

記得對應(yīng)下面的三個(gè)類文件。

###quartz.properties###

# Using Spring datasource in quartzJobsConfig.xml
# Spring uses LocalDataSourceJobStore extension of JobStoreCMT
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties=true
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix=QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered=true
# 10 mins
org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval=600000
org.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck=true

# Change this to match your DB vendor
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
# Needed to manage cluster instances
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId=AUTO
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName=MY_JOB_SCHEDULER
 
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export=false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy=false
org.quartz.threadPool.class=org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount=10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority=5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread=true

# Configure Plugins
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class =   org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingTriggerHistoryPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.triggerFiredMessage =   Trigger \{1\}.\{0\} fired job \{6\}.\{5\} at: \{4, date, HH:mm:ss MM/dd/yyyy}
org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.triggerCompleteMessage =   Trigger \{1\}.\{0\} completed firing job \{6\}.\{5\} at \{4, date, HH:mm:ss MM/dd/yyyy\}.

quartz定時(shí)調(diào)度常用時(shí)間點(diǎn)設(shè)置

"0 0 12 * * ?"                     Fire at 12pm (noon) every day
"0 15 10 ? * *"                   Fire at 10:15am every day
"0 15 10 * * ?"                   Fire at 10:15am every day
"0 15 10 * * ? *"                 Fire at 10:15am every day
"0 15 10 * * ? 2005"           Fire at 10:15am every day during the year 2005
"0 * 14 * * ?"                     Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:59pm, every day
"0 0/5 14 * * ?"                  Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, every day
"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?"              Fire every 5 minutes starting at 2pm and ending at 2:55pm, AND fire every 5 minutes starting at 6pm and ending at 6:55pm, every day
"0 0-5 14 * * ?"                   Fire every minute starting at 2pm and ending at 2:05pm, every day
"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED"         Fire at 2:10pm and at 2:44pm every Wednesday in the month of March.
"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI"        Fire at 10:15am every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
"0 15 10 15 * ?"                  Fire at 10:15am on the 15th day of every month
"0 15 10 L * ?"                    Fire at 10:15am on the last day of every month
"0 15 10 ? * 6L"                   Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month
"0 15 10 ? * 6L"                   Fire at 10:15am on the last Friday of every month
"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005"   Fire at 10:15am on every last Friday of every month during the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005
"0 15 10 ? * 6#3"                 Fire at 10:15am on the third Friday of every month

真實(shí)運(yùn)行的業(yè)務(wù)類：ReleaseQtyAndUpdateOrderStatusSchedule.java

應(yīng)為要持久化等特性操作,需要繼承 QuartzJobBean

由于要被持久化,所以不能存放xxxxManager類似對象,

只能從每次從QuartzJobBean注入的ApplicationContext 中去取出

繼承QuartzJobBean，實(shí)現(xiàn)方法executeInternal

package com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.dennis.walking.api.service.OrderService;


@Component
public class ReleaseQtyAndUpdateOrderStatusSchedule extends QuartzJobBean {
	
	private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
	
	@Autowired
	OrderService orderService;
	
	    
	protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0)
			throws JobExecutionException {
		log.info("dennis test execute schedule start ");
		try {
			orderService.releaseQtyAndUpdateOrderStatus();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			log.error("execute ReleaseQtyAndUpdateOrderStatus schedule error:"
					+ e.getMessage());
		}
		log.info("dennis test exxcute schedule end");
	}
}

持久化數(shù)據(jù)：PersistableCronTriggerFactoryBean.java  保存數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)據(jù)庫中

package com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule;

import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailAwareTrigger;

/**
 * Needed to set Quartz useProperties=true when using Spring classes, because
 * Spring sets an object reference on JobDataMap that is not a String
 * 
 * @see http://site./using-spring-and-quartz-with-jobstore-properties
 *      /
 * @see http
 *      ://forum.springsource.org/showthread.php?130984-Quartz-error-IOException
 */
public class PersistableCronTriggerFactoryBean extends CronTriggerFactoryBean {
	@Override
	public void afterPropertiesSet() {
		super.afterPropertiesSet();
		System.out.println("PersistableCronTriggerFactoryBean-------------------");
		// Remove the JobDetail element
		getJobDataMap().remove(JobDetailAwareTrigger.JOB_DETAIL_KEY);
	}
}

###AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory.java### 使用spring的 bean文件時(shí)，需要使用此類

package com.dennis.walking.api.web.schedule;

import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;

/**
 * Autowire Quartz Jobs with Spring context dependencies
 * 
 * @see http
 *      ://stackoverflow.com/questions/6990767/inject-bean-reference-into-a-quartz
 *      -job-in-spring/15211030#15211030
 */
public final class AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory
		implements ApplicationContextAware {

	private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;

	public void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {
		beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
	}

	@Override
	protected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle)
			throws Exception {
		final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
		beanFactory.autowireBean(job);
		System.out.println("AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory-------------------");
		return job;
	}
}

###tables_mysql.sql###  需要建立的11張表

#
# Quartz seems to work best with the driver mysql-connector-java-5.1.34-bin.jar
# 
# PLEASE consider using mysql with innodb tables to avoid locking issues
#
# In your Quartz properties file, you'll need to set 
# org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;


CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
    JOB_CLASS_NAME   VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
    IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
    NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,
    TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
    START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
    TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS
  (          
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,
    INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,
    LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,
    LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,
    DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
    REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL, 
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,
    STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    LOCK_NAME  VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, 
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME)
);


commit;

###如果定時(shí)任務(wù)比較多，建議增加索引提升速度。
/*
reate index idx_qrtz_j_req_recovery on qrtz_job_details(SCHED_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);  
create index idx_qrtz_j_grp on qrtz_job_details(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_j on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_jg on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_c on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_g on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_n_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_n_g_state on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_next_fire_time on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_misfire on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st_misfire on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_STATE);  
create index idx_qrtz_t_nft_st_misfire_grp on qrtz_triggers(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_trig_inst_name on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_inst_job_req_rcvry on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_j_g on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_jg on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_t_g on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);  
create index idx_qrtz_ft_tg on qrtz_fired_triggers(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);  
*/

本文測試軟件環(huán)境使用的jar版本是：

quartz-2.2.1.jar mysql-connector-java-5.1.34.jar

linux apache-tomcat-7.0.47 ava version "1.7.0_72" 64位

windows7  java version "1.7.0_45"  64位 jetty

Quartz是一個(gè)開放源碼項(xiàng)目，專注于任務(wù)調(diào)度器，提供了極為廣泛的特性如持久化任務(wù)，集群和分布式任務(wù)等。 Quartz核心是調(diào)度器，還采用多線程管理。

1.持久化任務(wù)：當(dāng)應(yīng)用程序停止運(yùn)行時(shí)，所有調(diào)度信息不被丟失，當(dāng)你重新啟動時(shí)，調(diào)度信息還存在，這就是持久化任務(wù)（保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫表中）。

2.集群和分布式處理：當(dāng)在集群環(huán)境下，當(dāng)有配置Quartz的多個(gè)客戶端時(shí)（節(jié)點(diǎn)），采用Quartz的集群和分布式處理時(shí)，我們要了解幾點(diǎn)好處

1) 一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)無法完成的任務(wù)，會被集群中擁有相同的任務(wù)的節(jié)點(diǎn)取代執(zhí)行。

2） Quartz調(diào)度是通過觸發(fā)器的類別來識別不同的任務(wù)，在不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)定義相同的觸發(fā)器的類別，這樣在集群下能穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行，一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)無法完成的任務(wù)，會被集群中擁有相同的任務(wù)的節(jié)點(diǎn)取代執(zhí)行。

3）分布式體現(xiàn)在當(dāng)相同的任務(wù)定時(shí)在一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，在那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，不會被兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)執(zhí)行。

Quartz的 Task（11 張表）實(shí)例化采用數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲，基于數(shù)據(jù)庫引擎及 High-Available 的策略（集群的一種策略）自動協(xié)調(diào)每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的 Quartz。

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