出團的通知說，在科爾多瓦看清真寺和科爾多瓦大教堂。原來做功課的時候也沒整明白，以為是兩個臨近的古跡。到了這才知道，教堂就是清真寺，是清真寺改成的教堂！

        大清真寺建于8世紀，對于西班牙的穆斯林來說，科爾多瓦是僅次于麥加和耶路撒冷的朝圣之地。原來，和塞維利亞大教堂有異曲同工之妙，大清真寺是穆斯林占領了科爾多瓦，改建了當時西哥特人天主教會的一半，而后基督徒收復失地，又重新改建了清真寺。具有摩爾建筑和西班牙建筑的混合風格，是西班牙伊斯蘭教最大的神圣建筑之一。

        公元786年前后，白衣大食王國國王阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼一世欲使科爾多瓦成為與東方匹敵的偉大宗教中心，在羅馬神廟和西哥特式教堂的遺址上修建了這個清真寺。到1236年時， 該寺院的面積已比初建時擴大了2倍， 一次就可容納2萬多信徒從事宗教活動。在哈利發(fā)希什姆二世時代， 大臣曼蘇爾又擴建了齋戒室，到哈里曼三世， 建筑工程達到最高峰。整個建筑為長方形， 長180米， 寬130米， 巍峨雄偉，可與耶路撒冷和麥加的大清真寺媲美。該寺主要分宣禮樓、桔樹院、禮拜正殿、圣墓等幾部分。桔樹院內(nèi)有一水池，是穆斯林在禮拜前履行凈禮的地方。禮拜正殿建筑宏偉， 裝飾極為豪華，由斑巖、碧玉和各種顏色的大理石石柱構(gòu)筑而成。這些石柱或掠奪自法國的尼姆和西班牙的塞維利亞等歐洲城市，或從迦太基的古建廢墟上精選而得。現(xiàn)在殿內(nèi)尚存的850根石柱， 將正殿分成南北19行，每行各有29個拱門的翼廊，每個拱門又各有上下兩層馬蹄形的拱券。整座正殿玉柱林立、拱廊縱橫。

        西班牙占領科爾多瓦后， 于1236年改為天主教大教堂，象征著伊斯蘭教的殿堂被封閉16世紀初，阿隆索·曼里克主教代表卡洛斯五世國王全權(quán)主持清真寺的改建工程。正殿中的石柱和拱門近三分之一被毀， 從中建起了一座文藝復興式的大教堂，包括主座堂、王家小禮拜堂、唱詩班等幾部分。唱詩班的椅子全是帶有華貴的巴洛克雕飾的精湛工藝品，兩個講道臺是用桃花心木、大理石、碧玉等鑲嵌制成。不過卡洛斯國王的原有的建筑獨有情鐘，他對改建者們驚呼道：“你們?yōu)榻ㄆ鹨恍┰谖覈教幎寄芤姷降臇|西而破壞了再也無法找回的東西”。正因為卡洛斯國王及時制止，這座伊斯蘭教的大清真寺才得以保持至今， 并因此而成為一座使伊斯蘭教文化與基督教文化并存的特殊建筑物， 成為西班牙最著名的宗教旅游勝地。

        這里的好東西太多，大清真寺上就發(fā)外觀的照片，等到下再掛里面精美的柱廳吧。

1                                                                                                                                                                －

2                                                                                                                                                                   －

3                                                                                                                                                                   －

4                                                                                                                                                                   －

5                                                                                                                                                            －

6                                                                                                                                                             －

7                                                                                                                                                                      －

8                                                                                                                                                                      －

9                                                                                                                                                                        －

10                                                                                                                                                                       －

11                                                                                                                                                           －

12                                                                                                                                                              －

13                                                                                                                                                               －

14                                                                                                                                                                      －

15                                                                                                                                                          －

16                                                                                                                                                                    －

17                                                                                                                                                               －

18                                                                                                                                                              －

19                                                                                                                                                                         －

20                                                                                                                                                                －

21                                                                                                                                                                －

22                                                                                                                                                                －

23                                                                                                                                                                   －

24                                                                                                                                                                            －

25                                                                                                                                                                       －

26                                                                                                                                                                      －

27                                                                                                                                                      －

28                                                                                                                                                                   －

29                                                                                                                                                                    －

30                                                                                                                                                          －

31                                                                                                                                                                        －

32                                                                                                                                                                      -

33                                                                                                                                                                    －

34                                                                                                                                                                 －

35                                                                                                                                                               －

36                                                                                                                                                              －

37                                                                                                                                                               －

38                                                                                                                                                       －

39                                                                                                                                                              －

40                                                                                                                                                    －