It is hoped that…      人們希望……

It said that …    據(jù)說……

It is believed that…     人們相信

It is reported that…     據(jù)報(bào)道……

It is hoped that our team will win the game.人們希望我們的隊(duì)贏得比賽。

It is said that the strange old man is a great artist.據(jù)說那個(gè)怪老頭是一位藝術(shù)大師。

It is believed that before writing was developed, people in China used to keep records by putting a number of stones together.人們認(rèn)為，在出現(xiàn)書寫以前，中國(guó)人常把石塊放在一起來記事。

It is reported in the papers that the president of the U.S.A will arrive next Monday.據(jù)報(bào)紙報(bào)道美國(guó)總統(tǒng)下星期一抵達(dá)。

It is/was + adj. +  for/of sb.+ to do sth.某人做某事是…….

該句的It 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式（短語），for/of sb.是不定式的邏輯主語。能用于該句型的形容詞常有：（1）important/

unimportant/ necessary/ possible/ impossible/ hard/ difficult/ easy/ useful/ usual/ unusual等。這些形容詞的后面常用for來表示不定式的邏輯主語。

①It’s important(for you)to learn English well.(你們)學(xué)好英語很重要。

②It’s not easy for them to finish the work within three hours.對(duì)他們來說3小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作很難。

（2）right/ wrong/ clever/ foolish/ stupid/ nice/ kind/ rude/ polite/ impolite等。這些形容詞的后面常用of 介詞短語表示不定式的邏輯主語。

①It’s kind of you to help us.你們幫助我們真是太好了。

②It’s impolite of a person to interrupt people while they are talking.打斷別人談話的人是不禮貌的。

It takes sb. some time to do sth .做某事花某人時(shí)間。其中的It 是形式主語。代替后面的不定式（短語）。

①It will take us a whole week to travel through the forest. 穿過這片森林得用我們一整周時(shí)間。

②It took them 3 days to finish the work.干完這項(xiàng)工作用了他們3天時(shí)間。

It’s time for sth . 該是做……的時(shí)候  如：

It’s time for lunch .該吃午飯了。

It’s time (for sb) to do sth . 如：

It’s time (for us )to go to school.(我們)該上學(xué)了。

也可用如下說法：

The time has come for lunch.

The time has come for us to go to school.

注意：在It’s time ……句式中time 前可加 high, about 等修飾詞，用法不變。其后跟that 從句時(shí)要用虛擬語氣。如：

It’s (high)time we got up.

It’s about time (that) he knew the truth.

大約是他知道真相的時(shí)候了。（that可省略）

接不定式和動(dòng)名詞意義不同的詞

1）remember doing/having done記得曾做過某事remember to do記住去做某事  對(duì)比：

Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?

Please remember to write to your parents when you get there.

2)regret doing/having done 后悔做了（或沒做）某事/regret to do遺憾地去做某事  對(duì)比：

I regret telling her the truth.

I regret to say that you are completely wrong.

3）try to do 盡力去做/try doing  試著去做

對(duì)比：She tried to learn it by heart.

She tried adding more salt to the soup.

4)forget doing 忘記曾經(jīng)做過/forget to do忘記去做

對(duì)比：I forget reading about it in a magazine.

Don’t forget to shut off the gas when you finish cooking.

5)stop doing 停止做/stop to do 停止某一動(dòng)作去作另一動(dòng)作（說明停止的目的）

對(duì)比：They didn’t start until it stopped raining .

We stopped to see what was going on.

6)mean doing 意味著/mean to do 打算，意圖做

對(duì)比：Missing the train means waiting for an hour.

I meant to come, but a friend of mine went to see me .

7)want doing 需要（物作主語，動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)）/want to do  想做（人作主語）

對(duì)比：The wall wants painting. I want to paint the wall myself.

join,join in, take part in ,attend

1)join 表示“加入黨派，組織、社團(tuán)、俱樂部”等。

如：join the Party/Youth League/army/club/organization入黨/入團(tuán)/參軍/加入俱樂部/加入組織。Would yo join us(in) singing?和我們一起唱歌吧！

His brother joined the army a year ago.

他哥哥一年前參軍了。

Join還可表示“來（去）和某人呆在一起，把……連在一起”

I will join you in a few minutes.我一會(huì)就過來。

Please join the two ends of the rope together.把繩子兩頭接起來。

2)join in 表示“參加正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)”。如 ：join in a game /discussion/conversation/walk/talk參加游戲/討論/談話/一起散步/一起討論。亦可說：join sb. in (doing)sth.表示“加入某人一起做某事”。

3)take part in 表示“參加會(huì)議、活動(dòng)”，側(cè)重說明主語參加并發(fā)揮一定作用，part 前若有修飾語，要用不定冠詞。如:take (an active)part in a party/school activities/physical labour(積極)參加聚會(huì)/學(xué)?；顒?dòng)/體力勞動(dòng)。

4)attend 表示“出席、參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告”。如：attend a  meeting/a sports meeting/a concer/a show/school/a lecture參加會(huì)議/運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)/出席音樂會(huì)/出席展覽會(huì)/上學(xué)/聽演講。

[應(yīng)用]完成句子

①我哥哥參軍2年了。

It’s two years since my brother_______the army.

②我的朋友和我一起祝你生日快樂。

All my friends_______ ________ ________ wishing you a happy birthday.

③今晚有一個(gè)聚會(huì)，你參加嗎？

There will be a party this evening. Are you going to_______ ______ _______ it?

④邁克沒有參加莉莉的婚禮。

Mike didn’t ______ Lily’s wedding.

Key:①joined ②join，me,in③take,part,in ④attend

keep doing sth.連續(xù)、持續(xù)地做某事。

①They kept sitting there for several hours.他們?cè)谀抢镞B續(xù)坐了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

②He kept asking silly questions.他不住地問些愚蠢的問題。

keep ;store; save

三個(gè)詞都有“存”的含義。

store是及物動(dòng)詞，“儲(chǔ)藏、儲(chǔ)存”的意思，一般強(qiáng)調(diào)在一個(gè)空間范圍內(nèi)的保管和收藏。如：

We had to store all this while we were away. 我們不在家時(shí)，得把所有的一切都收藏起來。如：

After harvest we store the grain.收割后我們把糧食存起來。

save既可以是及物動(dòng)詞也可以是不及物動(dòng)詞，可指貨幣的儲(chǔ)蓄。如：

He was out of work, he had saved no money before.他失業(yè)了，以前也沒有攢下錢。

They are saving for a house.他們正在存錢買房。

keep也有“保存”的意思，與store比較，它并不強(qiáng)調(diào)特定的地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)所，是由“保留”的意思引申而來的。如：

I have kept the old letters all the time.我一直把這些舊信保存了下來。

Will you keep the papers for me?你能為我保存這些論文嗎？

keep off

短語動(dòng)詞。意為“遠(yuǎn)離”、“制止”、“使避開”、“不讓接近”。如：

A board stands by the house on which were written “keep off”.

At night they made a fire to keep wild animals off.

keep one’s word

該動(dòng)賓詞組意為“守信”，“遵守諾言”。詞組里word不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式words.同義詞組為“keep a promise”,反義詞組為“break one’s word”。如：

Once you promise someone to do something,you should keep your word.

keep sb.healthy使……保持健康

keep,n.“使維持（某種狀態(tài)）”后可接adj.(ving,p.p,adv.)等作賓補(bǔ)。

①I was so tired that I could hardly keep myself awake.

②I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

③Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.

④They kept us out.

⑤Once a cold kept him in bed for three days.

keep up

該短語動(dòng)詞有以下現(xiàn)象，分述如下：

①keep sth.up使不低落，遵守

如：Even if we fail we should keep up our spirits.

②keep sb.up使晚睡

如：It’s wrong to keep the children up so late.

③keep up with sb.趕上，不落后，保持聯(lián)系

如：I still keep up with my college classmates far away.

我仍與遠(yuǎn)方的大學(xué)同學(xué)保持著聯(lián)系。

Knee

  go down on one’s knees 雙膝跪地

go down on one knee單膝跪地

如：①The son went down on his knees, begging his father for

mercy.

②Some football players celebrate their“goal”by going down

on one knee.

knock into

該短語意為“把……敲人” ，也可意譯為“撞著某人/某物”如：

①The wall is so hard I can’t knock nails into it.

②He was reading while he eas walking and knocked into a tree.

lack

lack可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，還可用作不可數(shù)名詞，有“缺乏，缺少”之意。如：

lack money/courage缺錢/ 缺少勇氣；lack(in) experience/ courage缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)/勇氣；have no lack of...不缺乏；for lack of…因?yàn)槿狈?。?duì)比：

He is lacking in courage./He lacks courage.他缺少勇氣。

The plants died for lack of water. 因?yàn)槿彼参锟菟懒恕?/p>

[應(yīng)用]完成句子

①她經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，無法獲得這項(xiàng)工作。

She________ ______ ______to get the job.

②他們不缺錢，而缺技術(shù)工作。

They______ ______ _______ of money but_______skilled workers.

Key: ①lacked,the,experience ②have,no,lack,lack

lately; recently

兩者均可表示“近來、最近”，但用法不同。

recently 是書面語，常被quite,just,but, very,only等詞所修飾，以加強(qiáng)語氣。主要用于肯定句中。如:

He’s only recently begun billogy. 他只是最近才開始學(xué)生物。

I didn’t know it until quite recently.我一直到最近才知道。

Lately常用于口語，指與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的一段時(shí)間，常見于否定句或疑問句中。如：

I haven’t seen him lately.我近來沒有看到他。

lay the table, lay breakfast

兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語均可作“擺好桌子”解，但各自的確切含意不同：lay the table單純指“擺桌子（準(zhǔn)備吃飯）”，可用于早、中、晚三餐的任何一餐的場(chǎng)合，如：

I only laid the table.我只是擺好了餐桌（準(zhǔn)備吃飯）。而“l(fā)ay breakfast”則很明確地表示“擺桌子（吃早餐）”。如：

I have laid lunch.我已經(jīng)擺好午餐的桌子了。

He has laid supper.他已把晚餐的桌子擺好了。

leave sth. to sb.（在死后）將……留給某人；請(qǐng)某人負(fù)責(zé)某事

  His aunt left all her property to him after her death.  他姑姑死后將所有財(cái)產(chǎn)都留給他了。

  I’ll leave it to you to buy the tickets.我委托你負(fù)責(zé)買票。

lend to 引導(dǎo)；引起，造成，導(dǎo)致。

①Labour leads to happiness.勞動(dòng)使人幸福。

②Where does this road lead to?這條路通向哪里？

①     His carelessness led to his failre.他的粗心導(dǎo)致失敗。

②       Too much work or too little rest often leads to illness.過度工作或很少休息經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致疾病。

③     Difference of opinion led to a heated argument.意見分歧導(dǎo)致了激烈的爭(zhēng)論。

lecture, speech, talk, repot

lecture多指學(xué)術(shù)方面的“演講，報(bào)告”；而speech指在公眾面前做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的“演說，發(fā)言”；talk是一般性的“講話，談話”，report指正式的“報(bào)告，報(bào)道，匯報(bào)”。

[應(yīng)用]英譯漢

①give a lecture         ②attend a lecture

③make a speech          ④give a talk

⑤receive a report       ⑥make a report

⑦send in a report       ⑧a school report

key:①作演講 ②出席演講會(huì) ③發(fā)表演說 ④發(fā)表講話 ⑤收到報(bào)告⑥作報(bào)告 ⑦呈交報(bào)告 ⑧成績(jī)報(bào)告單

lie—lied—lied—lying

lie—lay—lain—lying

lay—laid—laid—laying

分析：(1)lie—lied—lied—lying意思是“說謊”。

例：I have never lied in my life.

Obviously he was lying.

(2)lie—lay—lain—lying意思是：“躺、平放、臥”“位于”。

例：The children lay on the grass, looking at the beautiful sky.

The look is lying on the desk.

(3)lay—laid—laid—laying

意思是“放置”“產(chǎn)（卵）”“下（蛋）”，lay是原形動(dòng)詞。

例：She laid the baby gently down on the bed.

The hen laid an egg yesterday.

注意：①lying既是“說謊”的現(xiàn)在分詞，又是“躺、位于”的現(xiàn)在分詞。

②lay既是“放置、產(chǎn)卵”“下蛋”的原形動(dòng)詞，又是“躺、位于”的過去式。

lie in

短語動(dòng)詞lie in 意為“在于”。如：

The way out lies in the development of education.

like 用法小結(jié)

（1）like 用做動(dòng)詞（及物）通常表示一般的“喜歡”，為口語用詞，詞意沒有l(wèi)ove感情強(qiáng)烈，反義詞為hate。

①like + n.(pron.)

Does Li Ming like bananas？李明喜歡吃香蕉嗎？

Do you like it?你喜歡它嗎？

②like + v.-ing(動(dòng)名詞)

Do you like working in China?你喜歡在中國(guó)工作嗎？

③like + to + v.(不定式)

I like to keep busy.我喜歡生活得緊張。

④would like(=would love)后接名詞、代詞或不定式，多用于有禮貌地提出要求，意為“想要、愿意”。

Would you like something to drink?你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？

I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.我要給我女兒買兩件運(yùn)動(dòng)衫。

Would you like to come?你愿意來嗎？

⑤How do you like...?(=What do you think of...?)此句型用于詢問對(duì)方對(duì)某人（物）的看法，意為“你覺得 ……怎么樣？”

How do you like China?你覺得中國(guó)怎么樣？

 (2)like 用做介詞，意為“像……一樣”，反義詞為unlike。

?、賚ike 后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。

Don’t throw it like that .別那樣扔它。

They’re round,like the moon.它們是圓的，像月亮一樣。

Walking on the moon is just like flying .在月球上行走就像飛一樣。

②look like意為“看起來像……一樣”。

It looks like a chicken.它看起來像一只雞。

③feel like+v-ing意為“想……”。

I had a little,but I don’t feel like eating.我吃了一點(diǎn)，可我不想吃。

④What’s the weather like...?(=How’s the weather like...?)此句型用來詢問天氣情況，意為“……天氣怎么樣？”。

What’s the weather like in Australia now?現(xiàn)在澳大利亞天氣情況怎么樣？

It’s (just)like sb. to do sth.

該句意思是“某人（恰?。┚褪恰@個(gè)樣子”，表示贊揚(yáng)或不滿；若用否定式，則表示懷疑。如：

It is just like her to think of others before thinking of herself.

like crazy

這是一個(gè)固定詞組，口語用語，意為“瘋狂地”，“拼命地”。如：

In order to finish his work on time, he worked like crazy.

crazy是個(gè)形容詞，意為“狂熱的”，“醉心的”，與about連用。如：

Most youths are crazy about famous stars.

live by it賴……為生；以……為生（Δ不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

Live by(one’s)pen 以筆耕為生

live out 活著，熬過

live through(it)活過，度過……而不死 （Δ不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

The patient will not live through the night.

l ive…life過著……生活

live a hard life過著艱苦的生活

live a happy life 過著愉快的生活

live a quiet life過著安靜的生活

live a miserable life過著悲慘的生活

Einstein lived the rest of his life quietly in the USA.愛因斯坦在美國(guó)安靜地度過了他的余生。

The working people are living a happy life now.勞動(dòng)人民過著幸福的生活。

由look構(gòu)成的短語：

look back upon/on回顧，回想過去

  I like to look back upon my high-school days.  我喜歡回憶我高中時(shí)的歲月。

  Perhaps some day it will be pleasant to look back upon these days.  或許將來有一天回憶起這些日子很令人愉快。

  look as if /as though看起來好像

  look around環(huán)視四周

  look after照顧；照看    look out當(dāng)心

  look behind回頭看    look through瀏覽

  look down向下看    look up 向上看；查尋

  look into調(diào)查；研究

look at,stare at,glance at

look at指把眼睛轉(zhuǎn)向目標(biāo)，譯成“看，看著”；stare at 表示由于吃驚、害怕或深思而張大眼睛看，譯成“盯著，注視，凝視”，glance at指“匆匆一看，一瞥”。對(duì)比：

She stared at the footprint,full of fear.

她兩眼盯著腳印，滿心恐懼。

I’d like to look at your photo.

我想看看你的照片。

The middle-aged woman glanced at her watch and hurried off.

那位中年婦女匆匆看了一下表就離開了。

注意搭配：stare straight at 直直地盯著；stare into space凝視著空中；stare sb.in the face 盯著某人的臉看；stare sb.up and down.上下打量某人；glance over(through)a letter匆匆閱讀一封信；glance round a room匆匆環(huán)視房間；at a glance 一看就……；give/take a  glance at 對(duì)……匆匆一看。

[應(yīng)用]完成句子

①她凝視遠(yuǎn)方，在思考著

She was ________ ________the distance,thinking.

②她羞澀地從她的扇子后面看了他一眼。

She ______shyly______him form behind her fan.

Key:①staring,into  ②glanced,at

look forward to sth.(doing sth.)渴望、企盼……

①They are looking forward to getting news of him.

他們渴望聽到有關(guān)他的消息。

②We should look forward,and don’t give up.

我們應(yīng)該向前看（樂觀一些）不能放棄。

lose one’s sight(way; life; work;reason)分別表示：失明；迷路；犧牲；失業(yè)；失去理智等。如：

His son lost his life in the fighting.他兒子在戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲了。

Love

be in love with sb.

該短語意為“愛上某人”，其中的be可用fall替換，即fall in love with sb.也意為“愛上某人”。如：

Henry was/fell in love with Mary.

make love to sb .向某人示愛

make a promise

該動(dòng)詞短語意為“允諾”，其中的promise為名詞，與它搭配的詞組還有keep one’s promise(守信)等。如：

He’s always making promises and then breaking them.

Promise 也可是動(dòng)詞（vt.& vi.）意為“允諾”，“答應(yīng)”。

所用動(dòng)詞句型為：

promise to do sth(不定式作賓語)

promise sb. to do sth.（后接雙賓語）

promise (sb)that – clause

(that-clause為賓語從句)

如：①He promises me to buy a bike for my birthday gift.

②He promises me that he will buy a bike for my birthday gift.

make……do sth.使……做某事。做補(bǔ)語的不定式不帶to,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中則帶to,即:be made to do sth.

The landlord made him work 12 hours a day.地主讓他一天干12個(gè)小時(shí)的活。

被動(dòng)式：He was made to work 12 hours a day(by the landlord).

與make意義相近的詞還有l(wèi)et/have/get,但get的使用結(jié)構(gòu)為:get…to do sth.

How can we get the trees to grow quicker?我們?cè)趺茨茏寴溟L(zhǎng)快點(diǎn)呢？

make fun of取笑；嘲笑。

①It’s wrong to make fun of the blind.取笑盲人是不對(duì)的。

②It’s bad manners to make fun of a person who is in trouble.拿困境中的人開玩笑是不禮貌的。

make sure 弄肯定，設(shè)法做到，確保，安排妥，務(wù)必,后接賓語從句。如：

He made sure that he had enough food for the journey.他設(shè)法為旅行備足了食物。Make sure(that)you pick the child up at five.

Please make sure the house is locked.務(wù)必確保房門已鎖上。

make sure 后還可接of或about ,指“弄清，搞明”如：

Have you made sure of the time of the train?你搞清楚火車的時(shí)間了嗎？

We’ve made sure of our seats for the movie.

比較：be sure of sth. /be sure that……確信……

be sure to do sth .一定……，必然……

be sure of doing sth.對(duì)做某事有把握  如：

I’m sure of his success. = I’m sure that he’ll succeed.我確信他會(huì)成功。

He is sure to succeed .他一定會(huì)成功的。（說話人的判斷）

He is sure of succeeding in the exam.他對(duì)考試成功是有把握的。

注意：It’s certain that he’ll win.此時(shí)不能用It’s sure that ……

make…to one’s own measure“依照某人的尺寸做……”如：

This coat is made to you own measure,I’m sure it will fit you nicely.這件大衣是你訂做的，我想肯定很合身。

to當(dāng)介詞用，“依照、按照”如：

She is dancing to the music.她在隨音樂節(jié)拍跳舞。

make up 編（造）；構(gòu)成；化妝make up 組成，構(gòu)成。還有“化妝、打扮；編造（故事等），彌補(bǔ)” 之意The government is made up of ten members.

She made up a story to avoid being examined.

It’s a lie. He made up the story.這是謊言，都是他編造出來的。

Ten doctors made up a medical team.十名醫(yī)生組成了一支醫(yī)療隊(duì)。

Although she doesn’t make up, she looks beautiful.盡管不化妝，她依然美麗。

make use of

該短語動(dòng)詞意為“利用”，其中use 前可被good,the best, much,little no修飾。如：

You must make good use of any opportunities you have of practi-

sing English.

以 use為核心，組成的詞組有：

in use 在使用中；out of use(目前)不使用

come into use 開始被使用；go out of use 不再使用。

manage    vt.經(jīng)營(yíng)；設(shè)法；對(duì)付

She managed the house very well.她把家管理得很好。

We managed to finish the work ahead of time.

我們?cè)O(shè)法提前完成了任務(wù)。

I shan’t be able to manage without help.

沒有人幫助，我無法辦到。

[辨析] manage to do sth. /try to do sth.

manage to do sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)已達(dá)到目的或出現(xiàn)了結(jié)果，含“成功”之意。try to do sth.意為“試圖或盡力做某事”，多表示一種企圖或決心，而不表示一定成功。如：

we’ve managed to make up for the lost time.

我們?cè)O(shè)法把失去的時(shí)間補(bǔ)了回來。

He tried to pass the examination,but failed.

他努力想通過考試，但沒成功。

manage to do/try to do

manage to do sth. 意為“設(shè)法完成或做到某事”，含有成功之意。

        He managed to organize a live concert. = He succeeded in organizing a live concert.

他設(shè)法組織了一次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的音樂會(huì)。

try to do sth.意為“試圖做，盡力做某事”，是否成功，并不肯定。

He tried to work it out, but he failed.他努力想把它算出來，但沒成功。

marry

She married very early/well.她結(jié)婚很早/她嫁得很好。

Jane iis going to marry John.簡(jiǎn)就要嫁給約翰了。

—Is she married?她結(jié)婚了嗎？

—Yes, she has been married for five years.是的，她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚五年了。

 She was married to a doctor.她和一個(gè)醫(yī)生結(jié)了婚。

He married his son to a rich lady.他為獨(dú)生子娶了個(gè)有錢的女子。

masses of…

該詞組意為“大量的”，與lots of 相同，后接可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如：They saved masses of money by improving technology.

a mass of…意為“一大堆……”，“一大片……”。

“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might +完成時(shí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，有以下用法：

①may/might + have + 過去分詞表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作“可能”發(fā)生了。如：

I can’t find my sunglasses, I may/might have left them at the

restaurant yesterday.

一般來說，may和might兩者意思上沒什么區(qū)別，只是may比might表示的可能性大些。如：

He may have heard of it from Jack.

He might have heard of it from Jack.

在下列情況下，may和might 用法有區(qū)別：

句子的主要?jiǎng)釉~是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，間接引語中用may/might;

句子的主要?jiǎng)釉~是過去時(shí)，間接引語中只用might.如：

He says that she may/might have misunderstood him.

He said that she might have misunderstood him.

②might + have + 過去分詞，表示對(duì)本來可能發(fā)生而實(shí)際并未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的感嘆或遺憾含有“責(zé)備”、“抱怨”之意，而may +　完成時(shí)無此含義。如：

You might have told us earlier.

This medicine might have cured your cough

mean to do sth.

該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“有意要干某事”。如：

I’m very sorry if I hurt your feelings in fact.I didn’t mean to.

mend ; repair

repair指將受損、故障、用舊之物修理好，如用于修補(bǔ)機(jī)械方面的東西多用repair。如：

Ask him to repair my watch/TV set.請(qǐng)他給我修一下手表/電視機(jī)。

The garage charged forty dollars to repair the car. 修車行修理這輛車收了四十美元。

repair還可作“彌補(bǔ)、補(bǔ)償”講。如：

How can I repair the damage I have caused?我怎樣才能彌補(bǔ)我造成的損失？

I’d like to repair our differences .我想我們應(yīng)該重歸于好。

mend指將打破、撕碎或用壞之物修補(bǔ)完整，“縫補(bǔ)衣服”多用mend。如：

His clothes need mending.他的衣服該補(bǔ)了。

She mended the broken jar with cement. 她用水泥把破碎的缸補(bǔ)好了。

mend 還可意為“改正、糾正、治愈、使恢復(fù)健康”等。如：

The prisoner is mending his way.囚犯在改過自新。

It is never too late to mend.亡羊補(bǔ)牢，猶未為晚。