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自 由 頌 然而，自由，然而，你的旗幟，雖破碎， 卻依舊飄揚，似雷霆暴雨，迎風(fēng)激蕩。 ----拜 倫 Yet, Freedom, yet, thy banner, torn but flying, Streams like a thunder-storm against the wind.-BYRON. 一 一個光榮的民族，又一次制動 各族人民的雷電：在西班牙 從城堡到城堡，從心靈到心靈， 自由的明光迸發(fā)，漫天噴撒 富有感染力的烈火。我的靈魂 把驚恐的鏈索拋棄， 展開歌聲敏捷的羽翼， (像年輕的鷹，在朝霞中翱翔，) 莊嚴而堅強，在詩的韻律中， 在慣常的獵物上空盤旋; 直到精神的旋風(fēng)，從榮譽之天 把它攝引，以生氣蓬勃的火焰 充滿太空的遙遠星球，似飛舟激起浪花， 從背后把光芒投射。天宇深處 傳來悠揚歌聲，我將如實記錄。 A glorious people vibrated again The lightning of the nations: Liberty From heart to heart, from tower to tower, o’er Spain, Scattering contagious fire into the sky, Gleamed. My soul spurned the chains of its dismay, And in the rapid plumes of song Clothed itself, sublime and strong; As a young eagle soars the morning clouds among, Hovering inverse o’er its accustomed prey; Till from its station in the Heaven of fame The Spirit’s whirlwind rapped it, and the ray Of the remotest sphere of living flame Which paves the void was from behind it flung, As foam from a ship’s swiftness, when there came A voice out of the deep: I will record the same. 二 “太陽和恬靜的月亮赫然出現(xiàn)， 燃燒在深淵的星星升入 蒼天深處。這奇妙的地球 ?。祗w海洋的島嶼， 在支持萬物的大氣云霧中懸浮。 但是這時，神圣的宇宙 仍然是混亂和災(zāi)難的淵藪， 因為你尚未誕生； 只有以惡造惡的暴力， 走獸，飛禽和水族的精神 已經(jīng)像是點燃的火種， 無盡無休的戰(zhàn)爭在他們之間進行， 絕望，盤踞在他們內(nèi)心。 他們被蹂躪的養(yǎng)母，發(fā)出痛苦的呻吟， 哀嘆著獸與獸，蟲與蟲，人與人廝殺不已， 每一顆心是一座充滿狂風(fēng)暴雨的地獄。 The Sun and the serenest Moon sprang forth: The burning stars of the abyss were hurled Into the depths of Heaven. The daedal earth, That island in the ocean of the world, Hung in its cloud of all-sustaining air: But this divinest universe Was yet a chaos and a curse, For thou wert not: but, power from worst producing worse, The spirit of the beasts was kindled there, And of the birds, and of the watery forms, And there was war among them, and despair Within them, raging without truce or terms: The bosom of their violated nurse Groaned, for beasts warred on beasts, and worms on worms, And men on men; each heart was as a hell of storms. 三 “這時，人，這莊嚴的形體， 在陽光燦爛的天宇下生兒育女; 對于蕓蕓眾生，億萬生靈， 宮殿，廟堂，陵墓和監(jiān)獄 還只像是山狼破敝的巢穴。 生息不已的廣大人類， 野蠻，粗暴，詭譎而愚昧， 因為你尚未誕生； 在這萬姓麇集的荒原， 像猙獰的烏云籠罩著空曠的荒原， 專制的暴政高懸在上：封神的瘟疫姑娘： 依仗金錢和鮮血維持生命， 血腥和銅臭浸透靈魂的教士和暴君 則從四面八方把那受驚的人群 驅(qū)趕進她那寬闊翅膀的陰影。 Man, the imperial shape, then multiplied His generations under the pavilion Of the Sun’s throne: palace and pyramid, Temple and prison, to many a swarming million Were, as to mountain-wolves their ragged caves. This human living multitude Was savage, cunning, blind, and rude, For thou wert not; but o’er the populous solitude, Like one fierce cloud over a waste of waves, Hung Tyranny; beneath, sate deified The sister-pest, congregator of slaves; Into the shadow of her pinions wide Anarchs and priests, who feed on gold and blood Till with the stain their inmost souls are dyed, Drove the astonished herds of men from every side. 四 “希臘顛蕩的海岬，藍色的海島， 浮云似的山巒，偶然掀起的波濤， 都沐浴著慈惠蒼天開朗的微笑， 榮光閃耀; 從他們靈感的孔竅， 預(yù)言的回音發(fā)出了隱約朦朧的韻調(diào)。 在無憂無慮的原始荒郊， 適口的橄欖，谷物，葡萄， 尚未馴服于人的食用，還在野生野長； 但是，像海底含苞待放的蓓蕾， 像潛伏嬰兒大腦的成人智慧， 像蘊含著未來的一切，不朽的藝術(shù)之夢 尚為派洛斯豐盛的大理石礦脈隱蔽； 詩，還是不善辭令，呀呀學(xué)語的孩童， 哲學(xué)，已為尋找你的形影而努力張望， 睜大永不閉闔的眼睛； 這時愛情海上 The nodding promontories, and blue isles, And cloud-like mountains, and dividuous waves Of Greece, basked glorious in the open smiles Of favouring Heaven: from their enchanted caves Prophetic echoes flung dim melody. On the unapprehensive wild The vine, the corn, the olive mild, Grew savage yet, to human use unreconciled; And, like unfolded flowers beneath the sea, Like the man’s thought dark in the infant’s brain, Like aught that is which wraps what is to be, Art’s deathless dreams lay veiled by many a vein Of Parian stone; and, yet a speechless child, Verse murmured, and Philosophy did strain Her lidless eyes for thee; when o’er the Aegean main 五 “興起了雅典---壯麗的城邦， 仿佛要嘲弄最杰出的建筑工匠， 矗立在紫色山崖的基石之上， 白云雉堞，銀色塔堡，像夢幻一樣， 萬頃碧波鋪地，屋宇是暮色中的穹蒼， 門廊里駐守著一群 腰間束著雷霆的暴風(fēng)， 頭枕云霓的翅膀，額上的花冠燃燒著 太陽的烈火，啊，神圣的工程! 而更為神圣的雅典，柱石巍峨， 矗立于人的意志，有如矗立于鉆石山嶺， 因為你已誕生。你萬能的創(chuàng)造技巧 以不朽的大理石仿造了不朽死者的形象， 不朽的形象布滿了那座山崗， 你最早的寶座，最近的宣諭殿堂。 Athens arose: a city such as vision Builds from the purple crags and silver towers Of battlemented cloud, as in derision Of kingliest masonry: the ocean-floors Pave it; the evening sky pavilions it; Its portals are inhabited By thunder-zoned winds, each head Within its cloudy wings with sun-fire garlanded,- A divine work! Athens, diviner yet, Gleamed with its crest of columns, on the will Of man, as on a mount of diamond, set; For thou wert, and thine all-creative skill Peopled, with forms that mock the eternal dead In marble immortality, that hill Which was thine earliest throne and latest oracle. 六 “在飛逝而去的時間激流波濤表面， 至今仍浮現(xiàn)著它那布滿皺紋的容顏， 一如當(dāng)年，永不安定，永遠抖顫， 但是永不會消失，常留在人間。 你的賢哲和詩人，他們的語聲歌聲， 似雷霆挾著揭地掀天的暴風(fēng) 穿越過昨日的洞穴轟鳴至今， 使壓迫驚慌退縮，使宗教蒙上眼睛； 似充滿歡樂，新穎和愛的樂曲飄揚， 沖破了時間和空間的帷幕， 在期望也未到達過的高空飛翔! 似海洋哺育河川，云霧和雨露， 似太陽把天廷照亮，似那偉大的宇宙精神 用生命，用愛使混沌的世界永葆青春， 雅典用你的喜悅使人間煥然一新。 Within the surface of Time’s fleeting river Its wrinkled image lies, as then it lay Immovably unquiet, and for ever It trembles, but it cannot pass away! The voices of thy bards and sages thunder With an earth-awakening blast Through the caverns of the past: (Religion veils her eyes; Oppression shrinks aghast:) A winged sound of joy, and love, and wonder, Which soars where Expectation never flew, Rending the veil of space and time asunder! One ocean feeds the clouds, and streams, and dew; One Sun illumines Heaven; one Spirit vast With life and love makes chaos ever new, As Athens doth the world with thy delight renew. 七 “而后羅馬誕生，像幼狼就哺于 加得穆斯的女祭司，從你美妙的乳房 吮吸偉大的乳漿，和你最鐘愛的 尚未斷奶的幼兒一同分享天國的營養(yǎng)； 許多恐怖的正義事業(yè)，由于你的眷愛， 獲得了神圣的地位和尊嚴； 沐浴著你的笑容，在你身邊， 迦彌拉一生圣潔，阿蒂留死得堅毅。 而當(dāng)淚水染污了你白的貞潔， 黃金褻瀆了卡匹托林山上你的王位， 你便憑借神靈羽的輕捷， 棄主們的元老院而去， 他們已為一個主的卑微奴隸。 帕拉亭山以嘆息模仿著艾奧尼亞的歌曲， 你曾留步諦停聽，但又悲聲否認它屬于你。 Then Rome was, and from thy deep bosom fairest, Like a wolf-cub from a Cadmaean Maenad, She drew the milk of greatness, though thy dearest From that Elysian food was yet unweaned; And many a deed of terrible uprightness By thy sweet love was sanctified; And in thy smile, and by thy side, Saintly Camillus lived, and firm Atilius died. But when tears stained thy robe of vestal-whiteness, And gold profaned thy Capitolian throne, Thou didst desert, with spirit-winged lightness, The senate of the tyrants: they sunk prone Slaves of one tyrant: Palatinus sighed Faint echoes of Ionian song; that tone Thou didst delay to hear, lamenting to disown 八 “是從北冰洋上哪一處松林覆蓋的地角， 是從里海邊哪一條冰封的山巒或山坳， 是從哪一座人跡難以到達的遠方小島， 你為你王朝的覆滅發(fā)出悲痛的哀悼， 教導(dǎo)叢，波濤，沙漠的巖石和陸礁 和水神的每一口陰冷的水甕， 以悲愴但又十分堅定的回聲 談?wù)f人們竟敢忘懷的莊嚴崇高的古風(fēng)遺教? 因為你既不理會北歐詩人夢中神奇的羊， 也沒有出現(xiàn)在克爾特巫師的睡鄉(xiāng)， 縱然掠過你蓬亂的發(fā)卷如雨落下的淚水 轉(zhuǎn)瞬間也就干燥，那又何妨? 因為當(dāng)加利利之蛇從死海爬來屠殺，焚燒， 使你的世界化為形跡模糊的一片， 你并不哭泣，雖然你痛苦地哀嘆。 From what Hyrcanian glen or frozen hill, Or piny promontory of the Arctic main, Or utmost islet inaccessible, Didst thou lament the ruin of thy reign, Teaching the woods and waves, and desert rocks, And every Naiad’s ice-cold urn, To talk in echoes sad and stern Of that sublimest lore which man had dared unlearn? For neither didst thou watch the wizard flocks Of the Scald’s dreams, nor haunt the Druid’s sleep. What if the tears rained through thy shattered locks Were quickly dried? for thou didst groan, not weep, When from its sea of death, to kill and burn, The Galilean serpent forth did creep, And made thy world an undistinguishable heap. 九 “整整一千年，大地在呼問，‘你在何方?' 然后，你的姍姍遲來的影子才落到 橄欖枝圈飾的撒克遜艾佛烈的頭上； 落到許多個勇士聚居著的城堡。 它們像烈火從海底擁起的一座座山崗， 崛起在神圣的意大利， 樓塔軒昂，器宇宏偉， 橫眉冷對君王，主教和奴隸匯成的海洋； 形形色色的暴政從四面八方襲來洶涌如潮， 遇到它們的城墻，便似無力的泡沫一般， 而發(fā)自人類精神深處的新穎曲調(diào)， 已經(jīng)以愛和凜然不可侵犯的威嚴 使雜亂的五合之眾目瞪口呆； 不朽的藝術(shù) 又用神奇的魔杖在我們的家園勾劃圖樣， 以便在塵世建造起天國永久的殿堂。 A thousand years the Earth cried, ‘Where art thou?’ And then the shadow of thy coming fell On Saxon Alfred’s olive-cinctured brow: And many a warrior-peopled citadel. Like rocks which fire lifts out of the flat deep, Arose in sacred Italy, Frowning o’er the tempestuous sea Of kings, and priests, and slaves, in tower-crowned majesty; That multitudinous anarchy did sweep And burst around their walls, like idle foam, Whilst from the human spirit’s deepest deep Strange melody with love and awe struck dumb Dissonant arms; and Art, which cannot die, With divine wand traced on our earthly home Fit imagery to pave Heaven’s everlasting dome. 十 “你啊，比月神更為矯捷的獵者! 你啊 人世豺狼的災(zāi)星! 你箭袋中的利箭 像陽光，可以射穿以暴風(fēng)為翅膀的乖謬， 就像白晝的明光能把平靜的東方 開始分崩離稀釋的一片片浮云射透! 路德領(lǐng)悟了你的召喚的目光， 這目觀似閃電從他沉重的矛上 反射到四面八方，使那些就像墳?zāi)?br/> 困惑著各民族的虛幻假象瓦解冰釋； 英格蘭的先知以他們奔流不息 但又永不會消逝的歌聲歡呼過你， 像歡呼自己的女王! 你的形跡 也沒有避過彌爾頓的精神的視野： 在悲苦的境遇里，露出憂郁的面容， 透過他的黑夜，見到了你的行蹤。 Thou huntress swifter than the Moon! thou terror Of the world’s wolves! thou bearer of the quiver, Whose sunlike shafts pierce tempest-winged Error, As light may pierce the clouds when they dissever In the calm regions of the orient day! Luther caught thy wakening glance; Like lightning, from his leaden lance Reflected, it dissolved the visions of the trance In which, as in a tomb, the nations lay; And England’s prophets hailed thee as their queen, In songs whose music cannot pass away, Though it must flow forever: not unseen Before the spirit-sighted countenance Of Milton didst thou pass, from the sad scene Beyond whose night he saw, with a dejected mien. 一一 “雖不及待的時辰，殷勤熱切的年歲， 仿佛站在曙光初照的山崗， 頓著腳要使喧鬧的希望和憂慮閉嘴， 各以自己眾多的數(shù)量勝過對方， 并且高聲呼喚著：‘自由! 憤怒， 從她的洞穴里回答憐憫， 死亡在墳?zāi)估锬樕l(fā)青， 荒涼向破壞者號叫著：救命! 當(dāng)你 像為自己的榮光籠罩的太陽一樣升起， 從國家到國家，從一方到另一方， 像驅(qū)趕黑影，追逐你的仇敵； 仿佛在西方的洶涌波濤之上 日光撕裂了睡夢中的午夜天宇， 人們突然被你陌生眼睛的電光驚醒， 懷著驚喜的心情，踉蹌著邁步前進。 The eager hours and unreluctant years As on a dawn-illumined mountain stood. Trampling to silence their loud hopes and fears, Darkening each other with their multitude, And cried aloud, ‘Liberty!’ Indignation Answered Pity from her cave; Death grew pale within the grave, And Desolation howled to the destroyer, Save! When like Heaven’s Sun girt by the exhalation Of its own glorious light, thou didst arise. Chasing thy foes from nation unto nation Like shadows: as if day had cloven the skies At dreaming midnight o’er the western wave, Men started, staggering with a glad surprise, Under the lightnings of thine unfamiliar eyes. 一二 “你啊，地上的天堂! 究竟是什么符咒， 曾能用不祥的陰影把你蒙蔽? 從壓迫的巢穴糞土中誕生的一千個年頭， 用血和淚玷污了你晶瑩的明輝， 直到你的美妙的群星得以把污點哭去； 多么像是嗜血的酒徒---- 毀滅的手執(zhí)王笏的奴仆， 愚蠢的頭戴主教冠的后裔，在陰森的釀酒期， 圍困著法蘭西! 這時，和他們相似 卻更強有力，憑借你被迷惑的威力， 一個暴君崛起，于是軍隊和軍隊混戰(zhàn)， 似遮蔽恬靜天宇的烏云互相堆積。 雖然迫于過去的迫逼，他已和死去的人們 一同沉睡，但是那些難望時日的陰魂， 至今仍使古堡中得勝了的君王心驚。 Thou Heaven of earth! what spells could pall thee then In ominous eclipse? a thousand years Bred from the slime of deep Oppression’s den. Dyed all thy liquid light with blood and tears. Till thy sweet stars could weep the stain away; How like Bacchanals of blood Round France, the ghastly vintage, stood Destruction’s sceptred slaves, and Folly’s mitred brood! When one, like them, but mightier far than they, The Anarch of thine own bewildered powers, Rose: armies mingled in obscure array, Like clouds with clouds, darkening the sacred bowers Of serene Heaven. He, by the past pursued, Rests with those dead, but unforgotten hours, Whose ghosts scare victor kings in their ancestral towers. 一三 “英格蘭還在睡：難道不曾有誰呼喚過她? 如今西班牙在呼喚她，像維蘇威 要用尖銳的雷聲去喚醒埃特納， 它的回答把積雪的山崖粉碎： 在波光粼粼的海面，從皮塞庫薩 到佩勒魯斯，每一座希臘海島 歡呼跳躍，在合唱聲中光芒遠照： 它們高呼：‘滅了吧，高懸頂空的天庭明燈!' 她的鏈條是金線，只須她一笑， 就會融化掉； 西班牙的卻是堅鋼， 要粉碎須用至善和正義的鋒利銼刀。 同一命運的孿生姐妹，去求助西方， 向在茫茫西方君臨我們的永恒的年歲求告； 以你們所想過，所做到的一切，像用印章， 以時間不敢隱藏的一切印在我們心上。 England yet sleeps: was she not called of old? Spain calls her now, as with its thrilling thunder Vesuvius wakens Aetna, and the cold Snow-crags by its reply are cloven in sunder: O’er the lit waves every Aeolian isle From Pithecusa to Pelorus Howls, and leaps, and glares in chorus: They cry, ‘Be dim; ye lamps of Heaven suspended o’er us!’ Her chains are threads of gold, she need but smile And they dissolve; but Spain’s were links of steel, Till bit to dust by virtue’s keenest file. Twins of a single destiny! appeal To the eternal years enthroned before us In the dim West; impress us from a seal, All ye have thought and done! Time cannot dare conceal. 一四 “阿彌紐斯的墳?zāi)? 請把你的死者高舉， 愿他的靈魂像哨樓的旌旗招展， 在暴君的頭頂上空迎風(fēng)飄舞； 啊，為君主所欺騙的日耳曼， 痛飲真理神秘之酒的狂徒， 他的墓志銘應(yīng)該是你的勝利! 他死去的精神正活在你的軀體。 我們何必又期望又擔(dān)憂? 你已自由! 你啊，這光融神圣世界的失樂園! 你啊，鮮花怒放的荒蕪大地! 你啊，永恒的島! 你啊，又是祭壇， 荒涼正在這里披著美的外衣， 向昨日之你膜拜頂禮! 喔，意大利， 快振作起你的血氣! 把那些以你 神圣的殿堂為巢穴的獸類趕出去。 Tomb of Arminius! render up thy dead Till, like a standard from a watch-tower’s staff, His soul may stream over the tyrant’s head; Thy victory shall be his epitaph, Wild Bacchanal of truth’s mysterious wine, King-deluded Germany, His dead spirit lives in thee. Why do we fear or hope? thou art already free! And thou, lost Paradise of this divine And glorious world! thou flowery wilderness! Thou island of eternity! thou shrine Where Desolation, clothed with loveliness, Worships the thing thou wert! O Italy, Gather thy blood into thy heart; repress The beasts who make their dens thy sacred palaces. 一五 “喔，愿自由的人把君王這邪惡的名義 踏入糞土! 也可以就寫在那里， 讓這榮譽篇章上的污點有如蛇行遺跡， 任輕風(fēng)去擦拭，平沙使它湮滅! 你們，已聽到那莊嚴睿智的神諭： 快舉起閃耀勝利光輝的劍 斬斷這腐朽而且邪惡的字眼 所構(gòu)成的蛇結(jié)，這個字本身雖然無力 像殘秸斷梗一樣脆弱，卻可以 把震懾人類的棍棒和斧鉞 結(jié)成無可辨駁是強有力的集合體： 它的聲音就有毒，會引起疫病， 這就是使生活腐敗，污濁，可憎的病原體， 你不該不屑于在命定的時日，用你 武裝的腳踵踏死這不甘滅亡的蟲豸。 Oh, that the free would stamp the impious name Of KING into the dust! or write it there, So that this blot upon the page of fame Were as a serpent’s path, which the light air Erases, and the flat sands close behind! Ye the oracle have heard: Lift the victory-flashing sword. And cut the snaky knots of this foul gordian word, Which, weak itself as stubble, yet can bind Into a mass, irrefragably firm, The axes and the rods which awe mankind; The sound has poison in it, ’tis the sperm Of what makes life foul, cankerous, and abhorred; Disdain not thou, at thine appointed term, To set thine armed heel on this reluctant worm. 一六 “喔，但愿智者以他們光輝的頭腦， 點燃這陰暗世界穹廬的明燈， 以便使教士這蒼白陰森的名號 ----惡魔對人類的傲慢的愚弄， 退縮回去，回到它在地獄的老巢： 直到人類的各種思想終于可能 獨自跪拜在自己無畏的靈魂 那至尊的理性的寶座前聽候裁判； 像從明凈的湖泊升起閃光的水珠 形成云霧的把蒼天的藍色容貌遮住， 來自思想的言詞也常使思想模糊， 喔，剝?nèi)ル[蔽真面目的那層紗幕， 和一切不屬于它們的光，色，憂容和笑顏， 直到真?zhèn)味汲嗦阒鎸ψ约旱恼嬷鳎?br/> 領(lǐng)受他們各自所應(yīng)得到的一份褒貶。 Oh, that the wise from their bright minds would kindle Such lamps within the dome of this dim world, That the pale name of PRIEST might shrink and dwindle Into the hell from which it first was hurled, A scoff of impious pride from fiends impure; Till human thoughts might kneel alone, Each before the judgement-throne Of its own aweless soul, or of the Power unknown! Oh, that the words which make the thoughts obscure From which they spring, as clouds of glimmering dew From a white lake blot Heaven’s blue portraiture, Were stripped of their thin masks and various hue And frowns and smiles and splendours not their own, Till in the nakedness of false and true They stand before their Lord, each to receive its due! 一七 “有人曾教導(dǎo)人類，要征服 從搖籃到墳?zāi)雇局械娜魏问挛铮?br/> 他把人類尊為生活的真主， 喔，這也于事無補! 假如 他由衷擁戴壓迫，甘心為奴。 即使大地物產(chǎn)豐富， 能使億萬人衣豐食足， 思想孕育著力量，像樹種孕育著樹木； 即使那熱心的工藝拍舞著火焰的羽翎， 飛往自然的寶座代為懇訴， 扯住那俯身受扶的偉大母親， 祈求她：‘給我，給你的兒女， 支配天上地下的全部權(quán)力'，那又能怎樣? 如果生活制造新的貧困，勞苦的人們有一份收入， 就被一千倍地奪走你和工藝所給的饋贈和財富! He who taught man to vanquish whatsoever Can be between the cradle and the grave Crowned him the King of Life. Oh, vain endeavour! If on his own high will, a willing slave, He has enthroned the oppression and the oppressor What if earth can clothe and feed Amplest millions at their need, And power in thought be as the tree within the seed? Or what if Art, an ardent intercessor, Driving on fiery wings to Nature’s throne, Checks the great mother stooping to caress her, And cries: ‘Give me, thy child, dominion Over all height and depth’? if Life can breed New wants, and wealth from those who toil and groan, Rend of thy gifts and hers a thousandfold for one! 一八 “來吧，但是，請像啟明召請?zhí)?br/> 升出黎明的海洋，請引導(dǎo)智慧 走出人類精神至深處的內(nèi)在心房。 我已聽她的車輦，旌旗翻飛， 像彩云駕馭著焰火在空中飛航； 她，和你們----永恒思想的主宰， 是不是來用莊嚴的真理 裁判這分配不當(dāng)?shù)娜松才? 普遍的愛，平等的正義， 未來的希望，過去的榮譽! 喔，自由! 如果這能夠成為你的名字， 你是否離得開他們，他們是否離得開你； 如果你和他們的珍寶可以用血淚購買， 難道那明智而自由的人們不是已經(jīng) 流出了眼淚和眼淚一樣的血?” ----莊嚴的歌聲 Come thou, but lead out of the inmost cave Of man’s deep spirit, as the morning-star Beckons the Sun from the Eoan wave, Wisdom. I hear the pennons of her car Self-moving, like cloud charioted by flame; Comes she not, and come ye not, Rulers of eternal thought, To judge, with solemn truth, life’s ill-apportioned lot? Blind Love, and equal Justice, and the Fame Of what has been, the Hope of what will be? O Liberty! if such could be thy name Wert thou disjoined from these, or they from thee: If thine or theirs were treasures to be bought By blood or tears, have not the wise and free Wept tears, and blood like tears?-The solemn harmony 一九 到此中斷，那歌唱的精靈 突然回到它的深淵； 于是，像一只野天鵝正迎著黎明 穿過雷煙，沿著自己的航線， 在高空飛行，突然被電火擊中， 便穿過金光，墜落地上， 地面發(fā)出沉悶的反響； 像夏季的云卸盡滿載的雨水而消失形跡， 像遠方的燭光隨同夜盡而熄滅， 像短命的昆蟲隨同逝去的一天死亡，---- 我的歌由于翅膀無力而停歇， 曾支持它飛翔的偉大聲音的回響 消失在遠方上空，像剛為泅渡者鋪路的海水 在洶涌起伏的波濤中已把他溺斃， 在被淹沒的頭顱周圍發(fā)出咝咝的聲息。 Paused, and the Spirit of that mighty singing To its abyss was suddenly withdrawn; Then, as a wild swan, when sublimely winging Its path athwart the thunder-smoke of dawn, Sinks headlong through the aereal golden light On the heavy-sounding plain, When the bolt has pierced its brain; As summer clouds dissolve, unburthened of their rain; As a far taper fades with fading night, As a brief insect dies with dying day, My song, its pinions disarrayed of might, Drooped; o’er it closed the echoes far away Of the great voice which did its flight sustain, As waves which lately paved his watery way Hiss round a drowner’s head in their tempestuous play. 1820 年 初 江 楓譯 【注釋】 自由頌：西班牙人民在利阿戈和吉羅加的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下起義，在一八二○年迫使專制國王菲迪南給予人民權(quán)利，實行憲法。雪萊的這首詩就是由這一輝煌的歷史事件引起的。它可以稱為哲理頌詩。它從萬物肇始說起，首先否定了盧騷所 歌頌的“自然狀態(tài)”，認為世界的原始時期是“一片混沌和詛咒”，接著敘述歷史發(fā)展的大致情況，指出“自由”是判斷光明與黑暗的尺度。詩人看到自由的精神首先降落在希臘和雅典，因而它們的成就是不朽的；羅馬在被黃金瀆污了它的神殿以前，也一度感受到自由的精神。以后基督教興起，自由消失了一千年，文藝復(fù)興才又把它帶到人間，各國都曾看到它而又失去了它；而現(xiàn)在，西班牙點起自由的火炬，希臘也蘇醒了，詩人乃號召英國、德國和意大利起來反抗國王和教會。 培羅斯：希臘塞克來狄斯群島之一，以產(chǎn)大理石著名。 卡德摩斯：希臘神話，忒拜王卡德摩斯的女兒塞墨勒為主神宙斯所戀，因她要求宙斯原形顯現(xiàn)，而被雷火焚死。遺一子即酒神狄俄倪索斯。此處狼子或指酒神（性殘酷）。 卡米拉：公元前五至四世紀的羅馬貴族，他屢次率領(lǐng)羅馬人打敗侵略者。阿蒂利亞即雷古拉，公元前三世紀羅馬的執(zhí)政官，他被迦太基人所俘，后來迦太基欲和羅馬講和，派他與使節(jié)同去，如講和成功，即可將他釋放，但他抵羅馬后，仍勸羅馬繼續(xù)作戰(zhàn)，終于自動回返迦太基的囚禁中，而被殺死。 帕拉丁：帕拉丁，羅馬最高的一個山丘。 愛奧尼亞：小亞細亞一帶地方，古希臘屬地。 赫凱尼亞：古波斯地名。 朱伊德：古高盧及英國等地僧侶的一個支派。這里指：在中世紀，北歐歌者及僧侶文學(xué)已不再歌唱自由。 加利利：《圣經(jīng)》上常見的地名，附近有一湖，稱為加利利海，“加利利的蛇”似指基督教會。 阿弗瑞德(849-901)：西薩克遜族的國王，以開明及熱心發(fā)展文學(xué)著稱。 馬丁·路德(1483-1546)：德國宗教改革家。 約翰·彌爾頓(1608-1674)：英國詩人，也是竭力擁護英國資產(chǎn)階級革命的政論家。他于目盲后寫出了《失樂園》等詩。 力量的化身：指拿破侖。 維蘇威：維蘇威是那不勒斯的火山。伊特納是西西里的火山。 彼色久莎和彼羅拉：希臘的島嶼名。 同一宿命的姊妹：指西班牙和希臘。向“遙遠的西方”求援，或指向當(dāng)時推翻帝制的美國求援。 阿敏納斯(公元前17?-公元21):德國民族英雄，他曾屢次率眾抵抗羅馬大軍，使之不得侵入德國腹地。本節(jié)寫德國和意大利。 高迪阿：古扶里吉亞（今小亞細亞）國王，他系了一個復(fù)雜的紐結(jié)，預(yù)言說，誰能解開這個紐結(jié)，便能成為亞洲的君主。亞歷山大王用劍斬斷了它。 伊奧：希臘神話中是司晨曦的女神。 兩個國君：指“自由”和“智慧”。 |
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