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今天有空嘗試了一下MYSQLHOTCOPY這個(gè)快速熱備MYISAM引擎的工具。 (本文是針對(duì)單個(gè)服務(wù)器的情況，以后將會(huì)加入多服務(wù)器相關(guān)操作) 他和MYSQLDUMP的比較： 1、前者是一個(gè)快速文件意義上的COPY，后者是一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)端的SQL語(yǔ)句集合。 2、前者只能運(yùn)行在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)目錄所在的機(jī)器上，后者可以用在遠(yuǎn)程客戶端。 3、相同的地方都是在線執(zhí)行LOCK TABLES 以及 UNLOCK TABLES 4、前者恢復(fù)只需要COPY備份文件到源目錄覆蓋即可，后者需要倒入SQL文件到原來(lái)庫(kù)中。(source 或者\(yùn).或者 mysql < 備份文件) 用MYSQLHOTCOPY備份的步驟： 1、有沒有PERL-DBD模塊安裝 我的機(jī)器上： [root@localhost data]# rpm -qa |grep perl-DBD | grep MySQL perl-DBD-MySQL-3.0007-1.fc6 2、在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)段分配一個(gè)專門用于備份的用戶 mysql> grant select,reload,lock tables on *.* to 'hotcopyer'@'localhost' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 3、在/etc/my.cnf或者登陸用戶的個(gè)人主文件.my.cnf里面添加 [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout user=hotcopyer password=123456 port=3306 4、開始備份。 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl t_girl_new Locked 4 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`id`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 22 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 4 tables (22 files) in 5 seconds (5 seconds overall). 備份后的目錄： [root@localhost data]# du -h | grep t_girl 213M ./t_girl 213M ./t_girl_copy [root@localhost ~]# 5、MYSQLHOTCOPY用法詳解。 1)、mysqlhotcopy 原數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名，新數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl t_girl_new Locked 4 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`id`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 22 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 4 tables (22 files) in 5 seconds (5 seconds overall). 2)、mysqlhotcopy 原數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名，備份的目錄 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl /tmp/ Locked 4 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`id`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 22 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 4 tables (22 files) in 6 seconds (6 seconds overall). 3)、對(duì)單個(gè)表支持正則表達(dá)式 (除了id 表外) [root@localhost data]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl./~id/ Using copy suffix '_copy' Locked 3 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 19 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 3 tables (19 files) in 6 seconds (6 seconds overall). [root@localhost data]# 4)、可以把記錄寫到專門的表中。具體察看幫助。 perldoc mysqlhostcopy mysql> create database hotcopy; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec) mysql> use hotcopy Database changed mysql> create table checkpoint(time_stamp timestamp not null,src varchar(32),dest varchar(60), msg varchar(255)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 同時(shí)記得給hotcopyer用戶權(quán)限。 mysql> grant insert on hotcopy.checkpoint to hotcopyer@'localhost'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> \q Bye 重復(fù)第三步的操作 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl./~id/ --allowold --checkpoint hotcopy.checkpoint Using copy suffix '_copy' Existing hotcopy directory renamed to '/usr/local/mysql/data/t_girl_copy_old' Locked 3 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 19 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 3 tables (19 files) in 12 seconds (13 seconds overall). 默認(rèn)保存在數(shù)據(jù)目錄下/t_girl_copy/ 看看記錄表。 mysql> use hotcopy; Database changed mysql> select * from checkpoint; +---------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+-----------+ | time_stamp | src | dest | msg | +---------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+-----------+ | 2008-03-11 14:44:58 | t_girl | /usr/local/mysql/data/t_girl_copy | Succeeded | +---------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 5)、支持增量備份。 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlhotcopy t_girl./~id/ --allowold --checkpoint hotcopy.checkpoint --addtodest t_girl_new Locked 3 tables in 0 seconds. Flushed tables (`t_girl`.`category`, `t_girl`.`category_part`, `t_girl`.`parent`) in 0 seconds. Copying 19 files... Copying indices for 0 files... Unlocked tables. mysqlhotcopy copied 3 tables (19 files) in 7 seconds (7 seconds overall). 6)、其它的等待測(cè)試過了再發(fā)布。。。 |
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