用Jersey開發(fā)RESTful服務(wù)
REST基礎(chǔ)概念:
- 在REST中的一切都被認(rèn)為是一種資源。
- 每個(gè)資源由URI標(biāo)識。
- 使用統(tǒng)一的接口。處理資源使用POST,GET,PUT,DELETE操作類似創(chuàng)建,讀取,更新和刪除(CRUD)操作。
- 無狀態(tài)。每個(gè)請求是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的請求。從客戶端到服務(wù)器的每個(gè)請求都必須包含所有必要的信息,以便于理解。
- 通信都是通過展現(xiàn)。例如XML,JSON
RESTful Web服務(wù)由于其簡單替代了基于SOAP的Web服務(wù),并大型服務(wù)提供商所接受。這篇文章使用Jersey框架延伸JAX-RS API將展示如何創(chuàng)建一個(gè)REST風(fēng)格的Web服務(wù)和客戶端。
在Eclipse中,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的動(dòng)態(tài)Web項(xiàng)目名為"RESTfulWS":

下載Jersey zip bundle 這里 here. 需要包:
- asm-3.1.jar
- jersey-client-1.17.1.jar
- jersey-core-1.17.1.jar
- jersey-server-1.17.1.jar
- jersey-servlet-1.17.1.jar
- jsr311-api-1.1.1.jar

加入項(xiàng)目:

創(chuàng)建Web服務(wù)類:
package com.eviac.blog.restws;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
/**
*
* @author pavithra
*
*/
// @Path here defines class level path. Identifies the URI path that
// a resource class will serve requests for.
@Path("UserInfoService")
public class UserInfo {
// @GET here defines, this method will method will process HTTP GET
// requests.
@GET
// @Path here defines method level path. Identifies the URI path that a
// resource class method will serve requests for.
@Path("/name/{i}")
// @Produces here defines the media type(s) that the methods
// of a resource class can produce.
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_XML)
// @PathParam injects the value of URI parameter that defined in @Path
// expression, into the method.
public String userName(@PathParam("i") String i) {
String name = i;
return "<User>" + "<Name>" + name + "</Name>" + "</User>";
}
@GET
@Path("/age/{j}")
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_XML)
public String userAge(@PathParam("j") int j) {
int age = j;
return "<User>" + "<Age>" + age + "</Age>" + "</User>";
}
}
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java./xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java./xml/ns/javaee http://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>RESTfulWS</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Jersey REST Service</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>com.sun.jersey.config.property.packages</param-name>
<param-value>com.eviac.blog.restws</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Jersey REST Service</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
點(diǎn)按這個(gè)項(xiàng)目 run as ->run on server.
瀏覽器瀏覽:http://localhost:8080/RESTfulWS/rest/UserInfoService/name/Pavithra
URL說明:

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)調(diào)用客戶端:
package com.eviac.blog.restclient;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientResponse;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.config.ClientConfig;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.config.DefaultClientConfig;
/**
*
* @author pavithra
*
*/
public class UserInfoClient {
public static final String BASE_URI = "http://localhost:8080/RESTfulWS";
public static final String PATH_NAME = "/UserInfoService/name/";
public static final String PATH_AGE = "/UserInfoService/age/";
public static void main(String[] args) {
String name = "Pavithra";
int age = 25;
ClientConfig config = new DefaultClientConfig();
Client client = Client.create(config);
WebResource resource = client.resource(BASE_URI);
WebResource nameResource = resource.path("rest").path(PATH_NAME + name);
System.out.println("Client Response \n"
+ getClientResponse(nameResource));
System.out.println("Response \n" + getResponse(nameResource) + "\n\n");
WebResource ageResource = resource.path("rest").path(PATH_AGE + age);
System.out.println("Client Response \n"
+ getClientResponse(ageResource));
System.out.println("Response \n" + getResponse(ageResource));
}
/**
* Returns client response.
* e.g :
* GET http://localhost:8080/RESTfulWS/rest/UserInfoService/name/Pavithra
* returned a response status of 200 OK
*
* @param service
* @return
*/
private static String getClientResponse(WebResource resource) {
return resource.accept(MediaType.TEXT_XML).get(ClientResponse.class)
.toString();
}
/**
* Returns the response as XML
* e.g : <User><Name>Pavithra</Name></User>
*
* @param service
* @return
*/
private static String getResponse(WebResource resource) {
return resource.accept(MediaType.TEXT_XML).get(String.class);
}
}
運(yùn)行這個(gè)客戶端代碼,得到結(jié)果:
Client Response
GET http://localhost:8080/RESTfulWS/rest/UserInfoService/name/Pavithra returned a response status of 200 OK
Response
<User><Name>Pavithra</Name></User>
Client Response
GET http://localhost:8080/RESTfulWS/rest/UserInfoService/age/25 returned a response status of 200 OK
Response
<User><Age>25</Age></User>
RESTful的java客戶端調(diào)用案例源碼
使用Apache CXF開發(fā)RESTful服務(wù)
使用Apache CXF開發(fā)Web服務(wù)
使用Spring Webservices建立SOAP服務(wù)代理
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