MySQL utf8mb4字符集：支持emoji表情符號(hào)
㈠ 序言
為了應(yīng)對(duì)無(wú)線(xiàn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)、避免 emoji 表情符號(hào)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題、
涉及無(wú)線(xiàn)相關(guān)的 MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建議都提前采用 utf8mb4 字符集
這必須要作為移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的一個(gè)技術(shù)選型的要點(diǎn)
㈡ 限制
需要 >= MySQL 5.5.3版本、從庫(kù)也必須是5.5的了、低版本不支持這個(gè)字符集、復(fù)制報(bào)錯(cuò)
㈢ 簡(jiǎn)要步驟
以下是一個(gè)未升級(jí)到 5.5.3 的配置步驟：
① 備份數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
② 升級(jí) MySQL Server 到 v5.5.3+
③ 修改 database、table和column字符集
[plain]
<pre name="code" class="plain"></pre># For each
database:ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE =
utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# For each table:ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO
CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# For each column:ALTER
TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER
SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;# (Don’t blindly copy-paste this!
The exact statement depends on the column type, maximum length, and
other properties. The above line is just an example for a `VARCHAR`
column.)
④ 修改 my.cnf
[plain]
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
⑤ 重啟 MySQL Server、檢查字符集
[plain]
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
|
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