C/C++中判斷某一文件或目錄是否存在

勤奮不止 2013-08-26

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C/C++中判斷某一文件或目錄是否存在

1.C++很簡單的一種辦法：

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
#define FILENAME "stat.dat"
int main()
{
     fstream _file;
     _file.open(FILENAME,ios::in);
     if(!_file)
     {
         cout<<FILENAME<<"沒有被創(chuàng)建";
      }
      else
      {
          cout<<FILENAME<<"已經(jīng)存在";
      }
      return 0;
}

2.利用 c 語言的庫的辦法：

函數(shù)名: access
功能: 確定文件的訪問權(quán)限
用法: int access(const char *filename, int amode);
以前一直沒用過這個函數(shù),今天調(diào)試程序發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個函數(shù),感覺挺好用,尤其是判斷一個文件或文件夾是否存在的時候,用不著再find了,文件的話還可以檢測讀寫權(quán)限,文件夾的話則只能判斷是否存在,下面摘自MSDN：

int _access( const char *path, int mode );

Return Value

Each of these functions returns 0 if the file has the given mode. The function returns –1 if the named file does not exist or is not accessible in the given mode; in this case, errno is set as follows:

EACCES

Access denied: file’s permission setting does not allow specified access.

ENOENT

Filename or path not found.

Parameters

path

File or directory path

mode

Permission setting

Remarks

When used with files, the _access function determines whether the specified file exists and can be accessed as specified by the value of mode. When used with directories, _access determines only whether the specified directory exists; in Windows NT, all directories have read and write access.

mode Value           Checks File For
00                              Existence only
02                              Write permission
04                              Read permission
06                              Read and write permission

Example

/* ACCESS.C: This example uses _access to check the
 * file named "ACCESS.C" to see if it exists and if
 * writing is allowed.
 */

#include  <io.h>
#include  <stdio.h>
#include  <stdlib.h>

void main( void )
{
   /* Check for existence */
   if( (_access( "ACCESS.C", 0 )) != -1 )
   {
      printf( "File ACCESS.C exists " );
      /* Check for write permission */
      if( (_access( "ACCESS.C", 2 )) != -1 )
         printf( "File ACCESS.C has write permission " );
   }
}

Output

File ACCESS.C existsFile ACCESS.C has write permission

3.在windows平臺下用API函數(shù)FindFirstFile(...):

(1)檢查文件是否存在:

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400

#include "windows.h"

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  WIN32_FIND_DATA FindFileData;
  HANDLE hFind;

  printf ("Target file is %s. ", argv[1]);

  hFind = FindFirstFile(argv[1], &FindFileData);

  if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
    printf ("Invalid File Handle. Get Last Error reports %d ", GetLastError ());
  } else {
    printf ("The first file found is %s ", FindFileData.cFileName);
    FindClose(hFind);
  }

  return (0);
}

(2)檢查某一目錄是否存在：

///目錄是否存在的檢查：
bool  CheckFolderExist(const string &strPath)
{
    WIN32_FIND_DATA  wfd;
    bool rValue = false;
    HANDLE hFind = FindFirstFile(strPath.c_str(), &wfd);
    if ((hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && (wfd.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
    {
        rValue = true;