123 == "123"
true == 1
false == "0"
[] == ""
{} == "[object Object]"

false
null
undefined
0
""
NaN

var array1 = []; //empty array
var array2 = [1, "hello", null, ["bye", 0]]; //array with stuff in it

class Person
{
    public string name = "John";
    public int age = 25;
    public string occupation = "programmer";
}

var person = {
  name: "John",
  age: 25,
  occupation: "programmer"
};

class Person
{
    private string name;
    private int age;
    private string occupation;

    public Person(string name, int age, string occupation)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.occupation = occupation;
    }

    public string GetDescription()
    {
        return name + " is a " + age + " year old person that earns money as a " + occupation + ".";
    }
}

Person John = new Person("John", 25, "programmer");
string biographyOfJohn = John.GetDescription();

function Person(name, age, occupation) {
    return {
      name: name,
      age: age,
      occupation: occupation,
      getDescription: function() {
        return name + " is a " + age + " year old person that earns money as a " + occupation + ".";
      }
    };
}

var John = Person("John", 25, "programmer");
var biographyOfJohn = John.getDescription();

function name(arguments) {
  //function body
  return returnValue;
}

var name = function(arguments) {
  //function body
  return returnValue;
}

var x = 45;
if(condition) {
  var x = 35;
}

var globalVar = "global variable";
otherGlobalVar = "other global variable";
 
function doStuff() {
  alsoGlobal = "unfortunately, this is also a global variable";
}