經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)使得年輕人回到了欠發(fā)達(dá)的城市去過低成本的生活，追求他們的夢(mèng)想。
----威爾 道跡
愛米粒 琺瑞絲，美國中西部烹飪王后，在紐約市布魯克林區(qū)生活8年后發(fā)現(xiàn)她已經(jīng)厭倦了在走廊的廚房烤砂鍋金槍魚.“我當(dāng)時(shí)還和別人同住在一個(gè)小公寓里面，我想活得象個(gè)成年人，”她說，“但是在紐約，我負(fù)擔(dān)不起。”
所以，她開始考慮有沒其它合意的地方可去：得克薩斯州奧斯汀市，波蘭，法國奧爾良市，更或許芝加哥。然而，2008年，她飛到她的家鄉(xiāng)堪薩斯市去促銷新的烹飪書時(shí)就改變了想法?！爱?dāng)時(shí)我坐在集市中間，周遭有大量的店鋪和酒店，”她說?！拔铱匆姲褪繋е孕熊嚰茉诼飞吓苤?。我2000年回來的時(shí)候，這里看起來還很荒涼。但是，現(xiàn)在回來，我看到很多人想和我交朋友?！?/p>
三個(gè)月后，琺瑞絲離開了紐約，搬到了她成長(zhǎng)的城市，成為了正默默影響城市的移民中全新的一員。回流人是指從一個(gè)地方出去的人們又重新回到那個(gè)地方生活?；亓鞯娜藬?shù)占到向美國內(nèi)陸大縣城遷移總?cè)藬?shù)的37%多。其數(shù)量甚至超過了在落后縣城生活的常住人口。象琺瑞絲這樣搬到紐約，洛杉磯，芝加哥等大城市，之后又回去的，許多都是年輕人。他們回去開公司，飯店，家具店和時(shí)裝店。（琺瑞絲之前在曼哈頓做與網(wǎng)站相關(guān)的工作，然后又在堪薩斯市宣傳一款當(dāng)?shù)氐目Х群姹浩鳎詈蟾鷦e人合創(chuàng)了一本網(wǎng)絡(luò)食品雜志，叫喂我KC。）正如地理學(xué)家吉姆 路塞爾所說的，回遷對(duì)城市，特別是小城市如此重要的原因是，地方?jīng)]變，人變了。吉姆 路塞爾在博客上寫到“城市的作用類似于大學(xué)”?！白罱K，許多“浪子”回頭后變得更有教養(yǎng)也比他們要是一直呆著這里賺的多。”或者正如城市分析員奧龍仁說的，紐約市就象是一個(gè)人類資源的大精煉廠。。。吸納人員，增加價(jià)值，然后輸出是紐約的核心能力之一。
Moving home: The new key to success
The economy has young people boomeranging back to flyover-country cities to live cheap and chase their dreams
After nine years in Brooklyn, N.Y., Emily Farris, Midwestern cuisine queen, decided she was sick of baking tuna casseroles in a kitchen that was also a hallway. “I was sharing a tiny apartment. I wanted to live like an adult, ” she says, “and in New York I couldn’t afford to do that.”
So she started thinking about where else she might like to live: Austin, Texas, Portland, Ore., maybe Chicago. But then, in 2008, she flew to her hometown of Kansas City to promote her new cookbook. “I was sitting in this plaza where there were lots of shops and restaurants, ” she says. “I saw buses with bike racks on them. When I left Kansas City [in 2000] it seemed suburban and boring. But when I came back to visit, I saw people I wanted to be friends with.”
Three months later, Farris bid adieu to New York and moved back to the city she grew up in, a newly minted member of a migratory group that’s quietly making an impact on cities. Boomerangs — people who move away from a place and then later move back — make up over 37 percent of in-migration to U.S. metro counties, and even more than that in counties that are economically distressed. Many are young-ish people like Farris who moved to places like New York, Los Angeles and Chicago, then returned home (often to their own surprise) to launch start-ups, restaurants, furniture stores and fashion lines. (Farris, who worked for websites in Manhattan, got a job in Kansas City running social media for a local coffee roaster, then co-created an online food magazine called feed me kc.)
What makes return migration so important to cities, especially smaller ones, is that, as geographer Jim Russell puts it, places don’t develop, people do. “Global cities function like a university, ” writes Russell on his blog, Burgh Diaspora. “Eventually, many [boomerangs] will return home better educated and earning much more money than they would have if they had stayed.” Or as urban analyst Aaron Rennputs it: “New York City is like a giant refinery for human capital … Taking in people, adding value, then exporting them is one of New York’s core competencies.”
