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定語從句精講精練 ——介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 第一部分 精講——介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 【知識點1】 直接位于介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞只能是which或whom，構(gòu)成介詞+which（指物）；介詞+whom（指人）兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。 【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知識點2】 直接位于介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略，但如果將介詞移于句子末尾而不位于關(guān)系代詞之前時，可省。 【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知識點3】 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 可以相應(yīng)地轉(zhuǎn)化為：介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu)。 【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason for which he said so. 【知識點4】 有一些動詞短語中的介詞是固定搭配，不可以拆開，一般還是放在動語之后，不提前： 【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知識點5】 注意復(fù)雜介詞短語+which或whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句，是高考考查熱點。 【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知識點6】 不定代詞+of+ which/ whom 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可化為of+ which/ whom+ 不定代詞 結(jié)構(gòu)；這也是高考?？键c。其中用到的不定代詞有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。 【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English. 【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father 【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher. 【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting. 【知識點7】 關(guān)系代詞whose+名詞 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 the+名詞+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名詞結(jié)構(gòu)；of 表所屬關(guān)系。 【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the windows are all broken. = I live in a room the windows of which are all broken. 【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent. = This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent. = This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent. 【知識點8】 由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，當(dāng)主從句主語一致時，定語從句可縮略為：介詞+ which/whom+ to do 結(jié)構(gòu)。 【例】I have a small room in which I live in. =I have a small room in which to live. =I have a small room to live in. 【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend to whom to turn for help. =He has a good friend to turn to for help. 【知識點9】 介詞后不一定只能接關(guān)系代詞，可能會接關(guān)系副詞，主要取決于介詞及句子意思。 【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from. 【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects. 【知識點10】 如何確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞：將定語從句還原：構(gòu)成兩個搭配，即從句謂語部分與介詞的適當(dāng)搭配；介詞與先行詞的正確搭配。 【例】The picture ______which he paid $100 was once owned by a king. 【析】定語從句謂語是pay some money；先行詞為the picture；還原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合適介詞；構(gòu)成短語：pay some money for something。 【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud. 【析】還原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.構(gòu)成短語：be proud of。 【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used? 【例】I’m grateful to him for that advice, __to__ which I owed all my success. 第二部分 精練——介詞+關(guān)系詞專項練習(xí) 選擇 1．On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild. A. which B. from what C. through which D. that 2．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger. A. that B. by which C. which D. in which 3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _______ I owe all my success. A. which B. that C. to which D. by which 4．The farmers use wood to build a house ______to store grains all the year around. A. with which B. to which C. which D. in which 5．—Can you tell me where Peter lives? —Over there. The two storey house, _____there is a garden. A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 6．—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else_______ ,is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn 7．Is there a gas station around_____ _ I can get some petrol? A. which B. what C. where D. that 8. The biggest hobby in American, the one Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening. A. that B. which C. on which D. / 9. Newton invented a new kind of telescope mirrors in stead of lenses. A. which used B. in which he used C. that he used D. in that he used 10. The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. that B. which C. during that D. in which 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the questions were asked in French. A. where B. who C. in which D. which 12. Antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. that C. about which D. where 13. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 14. The train she was travelling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in which 15. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _________ up to half will be from overseas. A) in which B) for whom C) with which D) of whom 16. The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed. A. in which B. worn by C. wearing which D. that 17. Can you lend me the book the other day? A. which you talked B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 18. There are two small rooms in the house, served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of which B. the small of which C. the smaller of them D. smallest of which 19. Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ______ he belonged A. to which B. which C. to where D. at which 20. I remained in the office until 5:30 ____ all the others had left. A. at which B when C. by which time D. that 21. That’s the dog ____. A. we’ve been looking after B. after which we’ve been looking C. what we’ve been looking after D. we’ve been taking care for 22. China has many rivers, ____ the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which 23. She hasn’t got enough money ___ to buy the necklace. A. which B. for which C . with which D. that 24. Because of air pollution being reduced, this city is still ____. A. a good place in which to live B. lived as a good place C. a good place to live D. living in as a good place 25. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 26.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ____they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C .in which D. for which 27.He was educated at a local grammar school, ____he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this 28.I have many friends, _____some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 29. The house was built on a hillside, ______was a pleasant, windy valley. A. below which B. under which C. by which D. behind which 30. I met Mary again, ______I had spoken about something important. A. who B. to whom C. whose D. of whom 31. Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A. who B. whom C. which D. her 40. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ________ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 48. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____ are healthy. A. that B. which C. what D. whom 49. It is reported that two schools, ____ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which 50. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 51. Eric received training in computer for one year, ___ he found a job in a big company. A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this 52. Nine o'clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ___________ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 53. The man pulled out a gold watch, __________ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 54. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _______ are beyond our control. A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that 55. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, ______ there won't be much work. A. where B. that C. by which D. without which 56. We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. by which B. that C. for which D. in which 58. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B to whom C. with whom D. with which 59. ---Why does she always ask you for help? ---There is no one else _______, is there? A who to turn to B she can turn to C for whom to turn D for her to turn 60.This is the baby tomorrow. A. after whom I shall look B. whom I shall look after C. whose I shall look after D. after whom I shall look after 61.Do you remember the day your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts? A. which B. on which C. about which D.／ 62. The pencil____ he was writing was broken. A. which B. that C. with that D. with which 63.I will never forget the day____ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which 64.The exhibition in ___the pictures are on show is on the second floor. A. which B. that C. where D. it 65.This is the place____ he stayed last year. A. which B. in where C. in which D. in that 66.That is the writer ____ a lot of books were written. A. by Whom B. who C. whose D. whom 67. This is the job ____they laughed. A. which B. that C. at that D. at which 68.On the table she found a piece of paper_ ____some puzzling secret codes. A. which was written B. that was written C. on which were written D. on that was written 69.Jeanne was told her old friend,__ __she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom 70.He built a telescope__ _he could study the skies. A. in which B. through that C. from which D. through which 71. He was two Chinese-English dictionaries, ____were bought last week. A. two of which B. both of which C. both of them D. all of whom 72.She is a teacher of much knowledge, ____much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 73. The film ____ I’m speaking is to be shown at the People’s Cinema next week. A. to that B. to which C. of that D. of which 74. In an open boat, the four men, ____ a doctor , met with a storm on the sea. A. one of whom were B. one of them was C. one of whom was D. one of them were 75. This is the very knife ____ I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which 76. We all climbed to the top of the Mount Tai from _______ we saw the sunrise. A it B that C which D what 77. They saw a grand hospital, by the side of _______ stopped many cars. A where B it C which D that 78. I’ll never forget the first English lesson ______ I made a very serious mistake. A that B where C / D during which 79. The pen _______ I am writing is broken. A that B in which C by which D with which 80. The stories about the Long March, ________ this is one example, are well written. A where B from which C of which D in which 81. There is a mountain___________ the top is always covered with snow. A whose B of which C it’s D that 82.There were two small rooms in the house, ______ served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of which B. the small of which C. the smaller of them D. the smaller one 83. He lived in London for 3 years, during _____ time he learned some English. A. this B. which C. that D. same 84. Last summer we visited the West Lake ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. in which B. for that C. in that D. for which 85. This is the most important chapter ______ we should pay attention. A. to whom B. in which C. at which D. to which 86. There are two thousand students in our school, ________ are girls. A. of whom two-thirds B. two-third of them C. two-third in them D. two-thirds in which 87. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim's gold watch and Della's hair. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 88. China has a great many islands,, _________ Taiwan is the largest. A of which B in that C among them D where 89. She has a son and two daughters, _________are serving (服役)in the army. A all of them B either of whom C both of whom D all of whom 90. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he could see what it was going on inside the house. A．on which B．at which C．through which D．in which 91. She hasn’t got enough money she buys the rings. A．for which B．with which C．that D．which 92. Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long. A．on which B．that C．during which D．where 93. I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress. A．on which B．on that C. in which D. which 94.The goal ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A. after which B. for which C. at which D. with which 95. This is the ship ______ we crossed the Pacific. A. by which B. by that C. where D. in which 96.Do you know who lives in the building ______there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which 97.I’ll never forget the day ____I joined the League. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which 98.The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom 99. His glasses, _____he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that 100. Do you know the reason ____he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which 101. I have bought two ball -pens, ____writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them 102. The Second World War_____ millions of people were killed broke out in1941. A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which 103. The baby ______ is not hers. A. of that she is taking good care B. who she is taking good care C. of who she is taking good care D. whom she is taking good care of 104.Each player of chess is trying to trap the other player’s king into a position _____escape is impossible. A. when B. that C. in which D. from which 105. The hotel _____ you are thinking, my dear, is just a bit too expensive for us, I am afraid. A. that B. which C. in which D. of which 106. In my opinion, it is the best use ______ could be _____this money. A. as, make of B. which; made from C. that; made of D. what; made of 107. Luxun, for _____ life was hard, wrote a lot of famous novels. A. whom B. whose C. who D. which 108. The medical record shows that it was the drug, not the disease, killed him two years ago. A. the effect of which B. finally C. the effects of it D. that 109.He had a bad cold, ___ he didn’t attend the meeting. A. because B. because of which C. to which D. because of that 110.There is no dictionary ___you can find everything. A. in it B. in which C. where D. in that 111. They stood at the window, _____ they could see_ was happening in the street. A. where; all B. which; all C. from where; what D. from which; that 填入“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞” 1. The ship, ____ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower. 2. The family _________ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon. 3. He has written a book, the name_________ I have completely forgotten. 4. It is a family of 8 children, all ____ are studying music. 5. Can you suggest a time _____ it will be convenient to meet? 6. The town, _________ they came, was in the north of the province. 7. Here are some blouses, none ____ suits me. 8. The fur coat ______ the lady was dressed was very expensive. 9. The emperor, ________ the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had a dream ______ he was taken to the amusement park. 11. He spent a wonderful summer, _____ he joined us in the camping trip. 12. The money, ____ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most ________ were already full, left the school one after another. 14. Ann White, ______ we received the invitation, lives next door to us. 15. The story, ________ the film is based, is a true one. 答案 1. on which 2. in which 3. of which 4. of who 5. at which 6. from which 7. of which 8. in which 9. for whom 10. in which 11. during which 12. with which 13. of which 14. from which 15. on which 介詞填空 1.The speed____ which you drive your car mustn’t too high. 2.In the park there are many flowers, the color_____ which is bright and nice. 3.The little girl is reading a book,_____ which there are many pictures. 4.What were the things_______ which he was not too sure? 5.They held a meeting,____ which the hospital director made a speech. 6.The book,_____ which he paid 6 Yuan, is worth reading. 7.Is this the man____ whose house the police found the lost colored TV? 8.The villagers dug along tunnel___ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 9.Wu Dong,_____ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 10.The stories about Long March,_____ which this is one example, are well written. 答案 1. at 2.of |
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