unity 編寫隨時可以訪問的對象

遙遠(yuǎn)的橋zz 2011-06-25

展開全文

這文章展示了怎樣編寫一個類它能在場景中可以由腳本隨時調(diào)用，而不需要手動指定對象。

這個非常有用例如游戲中需要隨時訪問的：得分情況，生命等等

提示：
比較好的做法是創(chuàng)建一個空物體，命名為Managers 并且連接所有的管理動作在它上面（如AManager ，BManager，CManager...）。

用法：
使用下面的模板代將創(chuàng)建一個AManager類，記住：它將取代場景中所有以AManager命名的類

用法示例：
比如訪問AManager中的Foo()函數(shù),AManager.instance.Foo();
C# - AManager.cs

using UnityEngine;
usingSystem.Collections;
///
/// AManager 是唯一的
///他的靜態(tài)方法，避免了手動的去連接到每一個需要它的地方，所以需要他時只需寫下 :
///AManager.instance.DoSomeThing();
///
public class AManager : MonoBehaviour {
// s_Instance參數(shù) 通常是隱藏的，我們不需要看見它
private static AManager s_Instance = null;

    // 這里定義了一個靜態(tài)的實例化屬性，它將查找在場景中的manager object并且返回它
    //插一句:public static AManager instance C#創(chuàng)建靜態(tài)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)的方法，優(yōu)于構(gòu)造函數(shù)執(zhí)行，它只執(zhí)行一次，確保不會被實例化n次
    public static AManager instance {
get {
if (s_Instance == null) {
                // FindObjectOfType(...) 返回場景中的第一個 AManager object
                s_Instance = FindObjectOfType(typeof (AManager)) as AManager;
if (s_Instance == null)
Debug.Log ("Could not locate an AManager object. \
You have to have exactly one AManager in the scene.");
}

return s_Instance;
}
}

// 確保實例化的對象被銷毀
void OnApplicationQuit() {
s_Instance = null;
}

// 這里添加自己的代碼...
public void DoSomeThing() {
Debug.Log("Doing something now", this);
}

}

導(dǎo)讀
基礎(chǔ)示例：

using UnityEngine;

public class MySingleton : MonoBehaviour
{
private static MySingleton instance;

public static MySingleton Instance
{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
instance = new GameObject ("MySingleton").AddComponent<MySingleton> ();
}

return instance;
}
}

public void OnApplicationQuit ()
{
instance = null;
}

}
示例，游戲得分處理
The singleton in this example keeps track of the game score. Getting and setting this value is done like so:

這個示例將展示如何處理游戲中的得分

MySingleton.Instance.Score += 5;
Debug.Log ("Score is now: " + MySingleton.Instance.Score);
類如下：

public class MySingleton

{
private static MySingleton instance;

public MySingleton ()
{
if (instance != null)
{
Debug.LogError ("Cannot have two instances of singleton. Self destruction in 3...");
return;
}

instance = this;
}

public static MySingleton Instance
{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
new MySingleton ();
}

return instance;
}
}

private int score;

public int Score
{
get
{
return score;
}
set
{
score = value;
}
}

}
給物體廣播一跳消息
MySingleton.Instance.Register (gameObject);
MySingleton.Instance.Unregister (gameObject);
using System.Collections;

using UnityEngine;

public class MySingleton
{
private static MySingleton instance;

public MySingleton ()
{
if (instance != null)
{
Debug.LogError ("Cannot have two instances of singleton. Self destruction in 3...");
return;
}

instance = this;
Init ();
}

public static MySingleton Instance
{
get
{
if (instance == null)
{
new MySingleton ();
}

return instance;
}
}

private int timer;
private ArrayList listeners;

private void Init ()
{
listeners = new ArrayList ();
}

public int Timer
{
get
{
return timer;
}
set
{
timer = value;
if (timer <= 0)
{
foreach (GameObject listener in listeners)
{
listener.SendMessage ("GameOver");
}
}
}
}