what is languistics?
linguistics is usually defined as the science of language or ,alternatively,as the scientific study of language.linguistics is a rich and exciting field.however,there have been arguments about whether lilnguistics is science,especially when it was just coming into being.but now the arguments die away and linguistics has firmly established its place as a major branch of social science.as a rcognized academic subject,it's an area with immense research potential,and a scholarly "industry"which produces a large amount of books,dissertations and papers every year.language is so valuable to the individual,so critical to the efficient functioning of human societies,and in itself so impressively intricate and profound in structure,that it's bound to attract a great amount of intellectual attention.and since this attention must produce studies which have practical importance(e.g.in speech therapy,education,teachniques of translation and many more"applied "concerns.)linguistics is bound to be an academically and economically favored pursuit.it is also a subject of theoretical importance,for one thing,structuralism originating from Saussure's views has influenced many other related social sciences such as literary studies and social studies.in China the study of language has a long history but modern linguistics still has a long way to go to enjoy a "boom".as a science,llinguistics now has a set of established theories,methods and sub-branches.as for its date,now the argument over intuition or corpus also fade as people realize the advangages of both and as corpus linguistics develops rapidly with the advent of computer technology.Lyons predicted in the seventies by pointing out that linguistics is empirical,rather than speculative or intuitive:it operates with publicly variale date obtained by means of observation or experiment(Lyons,1982:38).
什么是語言學呢？
語言學經常被定義為語言的科學，或語言的科學研究。語言學是個豐富而有意思的領域。但是，對于語言是否是科學這個問題曾經有過爭議，特別是在這個觀點剛剛形成之時。現在，這些爭議已經消失，語言學堅定地確立了作為社會科學的主要分支的地位。作為一個已經被人們認識的學術主題，它具有極大的研究潛力，是一個學者“工廠”，每年制造出大量的書籍，論文和專著。語言對個人來說是多門有價值，對于人類社會有效運轉是多么至關重要，它自身在結構上又是多么復雜和深奧，所以它必定會吸引大量的知識分子的注意力。而這肯定又會產生有實際效用的研究活動（如語言治療，教育，翻譯技巧和許多其他應用性的活動）。語言學必定會成為一種受歡迎的學術性的，經濟性的追求。他還是一門具有理論重要性的學科，源自于索緒爾觀點的結構主義已經影響到了其他很相關的社會科學，如文學研究和社會學研究。而在中國，雖然語言的研究有著久遠的歷史，但是現代語言學卻還需要長期不懈的努力去達到一個高峰。作為一門科學，語言學現在已經建立了一整套理論，方法和分支。而且今天，人們已經認識到了直覺和語料各自的優(yōu)勢，并且，隨著計算機技術的進展，語料庫語言學也得到了飛速的發(fā)展，所以，關于選擇直覺還是語料的爭論已經平息。來盎司在70年代就遇到了這個，他指出，語言學史經驗的，而不是猜想的或直覺的：它的操作是依靠由觀察和實驗得來的數據進行的。(來昂斯Lyons,1982:38).以上是《語言學教程》關于語言學的相關解釋，可能與原文不符，只是我對主要內容的歸納。如果想進一步了解關于語言學的定義，可以參考語言學網站或其他相關資料。