1、利用System.getProperty()函數(shù)獲取當(dāng)前路徑：
System.out.println(System.getProperty("user.dir"));//user.dir指定了當(dāng)前的路徑
2、使用File提供的函數(shù)獲取當(dāng)前路徑：
File directory = new File("");//設(shè)定為當(dāng)前文件夾
try{
System.out.println(directory.getCanonicalPath());//獲取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的路徑
System.out.println(directory.getAbsolutePath());//獲取絕對(duì)路徑
}catch(Exceptin e){}
File.getCanonicalPath()和File.getAbsolutePath()大約只是對(duì)于new File(".")和new File("..")兩種路徑有所區(qū)別。
# 對(duì)于getCanonicalPath()函數(shù)，“."就表示當(dāng)前的文件夾，而”..“則表示當(dāng)前文件夾的上一級(jí)文件夾
# 對(duì)于getAbsolutePath()函數(shù)，則不管”.”、“..”，返回當(dāng)前的路徑加上你在new File()時(shí)設(shè)定的路徑
# 至于getPath()函數(shù)，得到的只是你在new File()時(shí)設(shè)定的路徑
比如當(dāng)前的路徑為 C:\test ：
File directory = new File("abc");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:\test\abc
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:\test\abc
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是abc
File directory = new File(".");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:\test
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:\test\.
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是.
File directory = new File("..");
directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:\
directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:\test\..
direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是..
另外：System.getProperty()中的字符串參數(shù)如下：
System.getProperty()參數(shù)大全
# java.version Java Runtime Environment version
# java.vendor Java Runtime Environment vendor
# java.vendor.url Java vendor URL
# java.home Java installation directory
# java.vm.specification.version Java Virtual Machine specification version
# java.vm.specification.vendor Java Virtual Machine specification vendor
# java.vm.specification.name Java Virtual Machine specification name
# java.vm.version Java Virtual Machine implementation version
# java.vm.vendor Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor
# java.vm.name Java Virtual Machine implementation name
# java.specification.version Java Runtime Environment specification version
# java.specification.vendor Java Runtime Environment specification vendor
# java.specification.name Java Runtime Environment specification name
# java.class.version Java class format version number
# java.class.path Java class path
# java.library.path List of paths to search when loading libraries
# java.io.tmpdir Default temp file path
# java.compiler Name of JIT compiler to use
# java.ext.dirs Path of extension directory or directories
# os.name Operating system name
# os.arch Operating system architecture
# os.version Operating system version
# file.separator File separator ("/" on UNIX)
# path.separator Path separator (":" on UNIX)
# line.separator Line separator ("\n" on UNIX)
# user.name User's account name
# user.home User's home directory
# user.dir User's current working directory
