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最近項(xiàng)目開(kāi)發(fā)中對(duì)excel操作比較頻繁,并結(jié)合正則表達(dá)式進(jìn)行了一些處理,整理一下. 1.正則表達(dá)式常用方法
/**
* 在第一個(gè)字符串中查找匹配字符串的個(gè)數(shù)
* @param str
* @param regexStr
* @return
*/
public static int count(String str,String regexStr){
int count = 0;
Pattern pt = Pattern.compile(regexStr);
Matcher m = pt.matcher(str);
int start = 0;
while(m.find()){
count++;
str = str.replaceFirst(regexStr, "");
}
return count;
}
/**
* 根據(jù)正則表達(dá)式分割str字符串成為一個(gè)一個(gè)的小的單元!
* (實(shí)際使用:在一個(gè)類(lèi)似語(yǔ)法分析的模塊中發(fā)揮重要作用)
* 例如:3+5*4 根據(jù)正則表達(dá)式+-\* 分割成數(shù)組 3,+,5,*,4
* @param str
* @param regexStr
* @return
*/
public static List splitByStr(String str,String regexStr){
List temp = new ArrayList();
Pattern pt = Pattern.compile(regexStr);
Matcher m = pt.matcher(str);
int start = 0;
while(m.find()){
//去掉下面的字符串中為空串的情況!
if(m.start()!=start)
temp.add(str.substring(start, m.start()));
temp.add(str.substring(m.start(),m.end()));
start = m.end();
}
temp.add(str.substring(start));
return temp;
}
/**
* 檢查是否含有指定的正則表達(dá)式匹配的子串.
* @param str 目標(biāo)字符串
* @param regex 正則表達(dá)式,如果正則表達(dá)式含有"^......$"就是查找整個(gè)字符串對(duì)象是否符合正則表達(dá)式.
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkInclude(String str,String regex){
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = null;
matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
return matcher.find();
}
/**
* 方法字符串中符合正則表達(dá)式的子串的集合.
* @param str
* @param regex
* @return
*/
public static List getRightSubStr(String str, String regex) {
List ans = new ArrayList();
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);
while (matcher.find()) {
//注意要下面的goup()函數(shù)中可以含有數(shù)字,表示查找得到正則表達(dá)式中的goup匹配串.
ans.add(matcher.group());
System.out.println("找到匹配的字符串 \"" + matcher.group()
+ "\" 開(kāi)始于 " + matcher.start()
+ " 結(jié)束于 " + matcher.end() + ".");
}
return ans;
}
下面是java正則表達(dá)式經(jīng)常使用的一些方法和說(shuō)明:
(1)使用matches方法快速建設(shè)是否表示給定的輸入字符串:Pattern.matches("\\d","1")返回true
(2)split(string)使用方法:Pattern.compile(":").split("one:two:three:four:five"); 返回:解析出“one two three four five”單詞
再比如使用數(shù)字作為一個(gè)分割字符串的方法:(注意下面的\\d不是正則表達(dá)式,而是前面加了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)義符號(hào)\)
Pattern.compile("\\d").split("one9two4three7four1five");也返回相同的結(jié)果。。
(3)在String類(lèi)中有的幾個(gè)與Pattern類(lèi)似的方法:
public boolean matches(String regex):
public String[] split(String regex, int limit):
public String[] split(String regex):
public String replace(CharSequence target,CharSequence replacement):
(4) Matcher 類(lèi)中其他一些有用的方法
索引方法
索引方法(index methods)提供了一些正好在輸入字符串中發(fā)現(xiàn)匹配的索引值:
public int start():返回之前匹配的開(kāi)始索引。
public int start(int group):返回之前匹配操作中通過(guò)給定組所捕獲序列的開(kāi)始索引。
public int end(): 返回最后匹配字符后的偏移量。
public int end(int group): 返回之前匹配操作中通過(guò)給定組所捕獲序列的最后字符之后的偏移量。
研究方法
研究方法(study methods)回顧輸入的字符串,并且返回一個(gè)用于指示是否找到模式的布爾值。
public boolean lookingAt(): 嘗試從區(qū)域開(kāi)頭處開(kāi)始,輸入序列與該模式匹配。
public boolean find(): 嘗試地尋找輸入序列中,匹配模式的下一個(gè)子序列。
public boolean find(int start): 重置匹配器,然后從指定的索引處開(kāi)始,嘗試地尋找輸入序列中,匹配模式的下一個(gè)子序列。
public boolean matches(): 嘗試將整個(gè)區(qū)域與模式進(jìn)行匹配
替換方法
替換方法(replacement methods)用于在輸入的字符串中替換文本有用處的方法。
public Matcher appendReplacement(StringBuffer sb, String replacement):實(shí)現(xiàn)非結(jié)尾處的增加和替換操作。
public StringBuffer appendTail(StringBuffer sb):實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)尾處的增加和替換操作。
public String replaceAll(String replacement):使用給定的替換字符串來(lái)替換輸入序列中匹配模式的每一個(gè)子序列。
public String replaceFirst(String replacement):使用給定的替換字符串來(lái)替換輸入序列中匹配模式的第一個(gè)子序列。
public static String quoteReplacement(String s):返回指定字符串的字面值來(lái)替換字符串。這個(gè)方法會(huì)生成一個(gè)字符串,用作 Matcher 的 appendReplacement 方法中的字面值替換 s。所產(chǎn)生的字符串將與作為字面值序列的 s 中的字符序列匹配。斜線(\)和美元符號(hào)($)將不再有特殊意義了。
正則表達(dá)式基礎(chǔ):
2.使用jxl進(jìn)行exlce的基本操作 下面基礎(chǔ)代碼來(lái)自于網(wǎng)絡(luò):
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.CellType;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.WorkbookSettings;
import jxl.format.Alignment;
import jxl.format.Border;
import jxl.format.BorderLineStyle;
import jxl.format.Colour;
import jxl.format.VerticalAlignment;
import jxl.write.Formula;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.NumberFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFeatures;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableFont;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
import jxl.write.WriteException;
public class JExcelUtils {
/**
* 生成Excel文件
* @param path 文件路徑
* @param sheetName 工作表名稱(chēng)
* @param dataTitles 數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)題
*/
public void createExcelFile(String path,String sheetName,String[] dataTitles){
WritableWorkbook workbook;
try{
OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream(path);
workbook=Workbook.createWorkbook(os);
WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName, 0); //添加第一個(gè)工作表
initialSheetSetting(sheet);
Label label;
for (int i=0; i<dataTitles.length; i++){
//Label(列號(hào),行號(hào),內(nèi)容,風(fēng)格)
label = new Label(i, 0, dataTitles[i],getTitleCellFormat());
sheet.addCell(label);
}
//插入一行
insertRowData(sheet,1,new String[]{"200201001","張三","100","60","100","260"},getDataCellFormat(CellType.STRING_FORMULA));
//一個(gè)一個(gè)插入行
label = new Label(0, 2,"200201002",getDataCellFormat(CellType.STRING_FORMULA));
sheet.addCell(label);
label = new Label(1, 2,"李四",getDataCellFormat(CellType.STRING_FORMULA));
sheet.addCell(label);
insertOneCellData(sheet,2,2,70.5,getDataCellFormat(CellType.NUMBER));
insertOneCellData(sheet,3,2,90.523,getDataCellFormat(CellType.NUMBER));
insertOneCellData(sheet,4,2,60.5,getDataCellFormat(CellType.NUMBER));
insertFormula(sheet,5,2,"C3+D3+E3",getDataCellFormat(CellType.NUMBER_FORMULA));
//插入日期
mergeCellsAndInsertData(sheet, 0, 3, 5, 3, new Date(), getDataCellFormat(CellType.DATE));
workbook.write();
workbook.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 初始化表格屬性
* @param sheet
*/
public void initialSheetSetting(WritableSheet sheet){
try{
//sheet.getSettings().setProtected(true); //設(shè)置xls的保護(hù),單元格為只讀的
sheet.getSettings().setDefaultColumnWidth(10); //設(shè)置列的默認(rèn)寬度
//sheet.setRowView(2,false);//行高自動(dòng)擴(kuò)展
//setRowView(int row, int height);--行高
//setColumnView(int col,int width); --列寬
sheet.setColumnView(0,20);//設(shè)置第一列寬度
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 插入公式
* @param sheet
* @param col
* @param row
* @param formula
* @param format
*/
public void insertFormula(WritableSheet sheet,Integer col,Integer row,String formula,WritableCellFormat format){
try{
Formula f = new Formula(col, row, formula, format);
sheet.addCell(f);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 插入一行數(shù)據(jù)
* @param sheet 工作表
* @param row 行號(hào)
* @param content 內(nèi)容
* @param format 風(fēng)格
*/
public void insertRowData(WritableSheet sheet,Integer row,String[] dataArr,WritableCellFormat format){
try{
Label label;
for(int i=0;i<dataArr.length;i++){
label = new Label(i,row,dataArr[i],format);
sheet.addCell(label);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 插入單元格數(shù)據(jù)
* @param sheet
* @param col
* @param row
* @param data
*/
public void insertOneCellData(WritableSheet sheet,Integer col,Integer row,Object data,WritableCellFormat format){
try{
if(data instanceof Double){
jxl.write.Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(col,row,(Double)data,format);
sheet.addCell(labelNF);
}else if(data instanceof Boolean){
jxl.write.Boolean labelB = new jxl.write.Boolean(col,row,(Boolean)data,format);
sheet.addCell(labelB);
}else if(data instanceof Date){
jxl.write.DateTime labelDT = new jxl.write.DateTime(col,row,(Date)data,format);
sheet.addCell(labelDT);
setCellComments(labelDT, "這是個(gè)創(chuàng)建表的日期說(shuō)明!");
}else{
Label label = new Label(col,row,data.toString(),format);
sheet.addCell(label);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 合并單元格,并插入數(shù)據(jù)
* @param sheet
* @param col_start
* @param row_start
* @param col_end
* @param row_end
* @param data
* @param format
*/
public void mergeCellsAndInsertData(WritableSheet sheet,Integer col_start,Integer row_start,Integer col_end,Integer row_end,Object data, WritableCellFormat format){
try{
sheet.mergeCells(col_start,row_start,col_end,row_end);// 左上角到右下角
insertOneCellData(sheet, col_start, row_start, data, format);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 給單元格加注釋
* @param label
* @param comments
*/
public void setCellComments(Object label,String comments){
WritableCellFeatures cellFeatures = new WritableCellFeatures();
cellFeatures.setComment(comments);
if(label instanceof jxl.write.Number){
jxl.write.Number num = (jxl.write.Number)label;
num.setCellFeatures(cellFeatures);
}else if(label instanceof jxl.write.Boolean){
jxl.write.Boolean bool = (jxl.write.Boolean)label;
bool.setCellFeatures(cellFeatures);
}else if(label instanceof jxl.write.DateTime){
jxl.write.DateTime dt = (jxl.write.DateTime)label;
dt.setCellFeatures(cellFeatures);
}else{
Label _label = (Label)label;
_label.setCellFeatures(cellFeatures);
}
}
/**
* 讀取excel
* @param inputFile
* @param inputFileSheetIndex
* @throws Exception
*/
public ArrayList<String> readDataFromExcel(File inputFile, int inputFileSheetIndex){
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
Workbook book = null;
Cell cell = null;
WorkbookSettings setting = new WorkbookSettings();
java.util.Locale locale = new java.util.Locale("zh","CN");
setting.setLocale(locale);
setting.setEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
try{
book = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputFile, setting);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
Sheet sheet = book.getSheet(inputFileSheetIndex);
for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < sheet.getRows(); rowIndex++) {//行
for (int colIndex = 0; colIndex < sheet.getColumns(); colIndex++) {//列
cell = sheet.getCell(colIndex, rowIndex);
//System.out.println(cell.getContents());
list.add(cell.getContents());
}
}
book.close();
return list;
}
/**
* 得到數(shù)據(jù)表頭格式
* @return
*/
public WritableCellFormat getTitleCellFormat(){
WritableCellFormat wcf = null;
try {
//字體樣式
WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,12, WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false);//最后一個(gè)為是否italic
wf.setColour(Colour.RED);
wcf = new WritableCellFormat(wf);
//對(duì)齊方式
wcf.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE);
wcf.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);
//邊框
wcf.setBorder(Border.ALL,BorderLineStyle.THIN);
//背景色
wcf.setBackground(Colour.GREY_25_PERCENT);
} catch (WriteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return wcf;
}
/**
* 得到數(shù)據(jù)格式
* @return
*/
public WritableCellFormat getDataCellFormat(CellType type){
WritableCellFormat wcf = null;
try {
//字體樣式
if(type == CellType.NUMBER || type == CellType.NUMBER_FORMULA){//數(shù)字
NumberFormat nf = new NumberFormat("#.00");
wcf = new WritableCellFormat(nf);
}else if(type == CellType.DATE || type == CellType.DATE_FORMULA){//日期
jxl.write.DateFormat df = new jxl.write.DateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
wcf = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(df);
}else{
WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,10, WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false);//最后一個(gè)為是否italic
wcf = new WritableCellFormat(wf);
}
//對(duì)齊方式
wcf.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE);
wcf.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);
//邊框
wcf.setBorder(Border.LEFT,BorderLineStyle.THIN);
wcf.setBorder(Border.BOTTOM,BorderLineStyle.THIN);
wcf.setBorder(Border.RIGHT,BorderLineStyle.THIN);
//背景色
wcf.setBackground(Colour.WHITE);
wcf.setWrap(true);//自動(dòng)換行
} catch (WriteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return wcf;
}
/**
* 打開(kāi)文件看看
* @param exePath
* @param filePath
*/
public void openExcel(String exePath,String filePath){
Runtime r=Runtime.getRuntime();
String cmd[]={exePath,filePath};
try{
r.exec(cmd);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
String[] titles = {"學(xué)號(hào)","姓名","語(yǔ)文","數(shù)學(xué)","英語(yǔ)","總分"};
JExcelUtils jxl = new JExcelUtils();
String filePath = "E:/test.xls";
jxl.createExcelFile(filePath," 成績(jī)單",titles);
jxl.readDataFromExcel(new File(filePath),0);
jxl.openExcel("C:/Program Files/Microsoft Office/OFFICE11/EXCEL.EXE",filePath);
}
}
3.下面含有幾個(gè)十分有用針對(duì)excel操作的的工具方法:
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.CellView;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.SheetSettings;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.format.Alignment;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.WritableFont;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
/**
* jxl操作excel的工具類(lèi).
*
*/
public class JxlTool {
public static int count = 1;
//存儲(chǔ)帶有級(jí)別信息的內(nèi)容到位置的映射關(guān)系.
private static Map levelToLocation = new HashMap();
public static void readExcel(String fileName) {
Workbook wb = null;
try {
wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
Sheet[] sheets = wb.getSheets();
for(int i=0;i<sheets.length;i++){
Sheet ii = sheets[i];
System.out.println("第"+i+"個(gè)sheet的名字是"+ii.getName());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("出現(xiàn)異常" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
wb.close();
}
}
private static String allChar = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
/**
* 從字符中得到列數(shù).例如K-->10,A-->0,AA-->27
* @return
*/
public static int getNumFromExcelStr(String code)
{
int result = 0;
code = code.toLowerCase();
if(code.length()>1){
char[] c = code.toCharArray();
int len = c.length;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
result+=allChar.indexOf(c[i])+1;
if(i<len-1){
result+=26;
}
}
result-=1;
}
else
return allChar.indexOf(code);
return result;
}
/**
* 根據(jù)行號(hào)和列號(hào)得到所在的單元格.例如(3,4)-->"E4"
* @param vNum 縱坐標(biāo)
* @param hNum 橫坐標(biāo)
* @return
*/
public static String getCellInfo(int hNum,int vNum){
char[] cs = allChar.toCharArray();
String hStr = "";
if(vNum>25){
hStr = String.valueOf(cs[vNum/26-1])+String.valueOf(cs[vNum%26-1]);
}else{
hStr = String.valueOf(cs[vNum]);
}
return (hStr+Integer.toString((hNum+1))).toUpperCase();
}
/**
* 得到一個(gè)字符串里面的字符.A12-->A
* @param oldStr
* @return
*/
public static String getCodeFromStr(String oldStr){
return oldStr.replaceAll("\\d", "");
}
/**
* 得到一個(gè)字符串里面的字符.A12-->12
* @param oldStr
* @return
*/
public static int getNumFromStr(String oldStr){
return Integer.parseInt(oldStr.replaceAll("[a-zA-Z]", ""))-1;
}
/**
* 讀取指定excel中的指定sheet的某一塊的數(shù)據(jù)....用于模板里面讀取單元格.
* @param fileName
* @param sheetIndex
* @param startRow
* @param endRow
* @param startColumn
* @param endColumn
*/
public static List readExcel(String fileName, int sheetIndex, int startRow,
int endRow, int startColumn, int endColumn) {
Workbook wb = null;
List allData = new ArrayList();
Cell cell = null;
try {
wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheet(sheetIndex);
int rowCount = sheet.getRows();
int columnCount = sheet.getColumns();
for (int r = startRow; r < rowCount && r <= endRow; r++) {// 行
for (int c = startColumn; c < columnCount && c <= endColumn; c++) {// 列
cell = sheet.getCell(c, r);
// System.out.println(cell.getContents());
allData.add(cell.getContents());
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("出現(xiàn)異常" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
wb.close();
}
return allData;
}
/**
* 讀取指定excel中的指定sheet的某一塊的數(shù)據(jù)....用于模板里面讀取單元格.
* @param fileName
* @param sheetIndex
* @param startCell
* @param endCell
* @return
*/
public static List readExcel(String fileName, int sheetIndex,String startCell, String endCell) {
int startRow = getNumFromStr(startCell);
int endRow = getNumFromStr(endCell);
int startColumn=getNumFromExcelStr(getCodeFromStr(startCell));
int endColumn = getNumFromExcelStr(getCodeFromStr(endCell));
return readExcel(fileName, sheetIndex, startRow, endRow, startColumn,
endColumn);
}
/**
* 設(shè)置excel中的sheet頁(yè)全部隱藏
* @param fileName
*/
public static void setAllHiddenSheet(String fileName) {
Workbook wb = null;
try {
wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
// 打開(kāi)一個(gè)文件副本,并指定數(shù)據(jù)寫(xiě)回原文件.
WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(fileName),
wb);
Sheet[] sheets = book.getSheets();
for(int i=3;i<sheets.length;i++){
Sheet ii = sheets[i];
ii.getSettings().setHidden(true);
}
book.write();
book.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("出現(xiàn)異常" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
wb.close();
System.out.print(111);
}
}
/**
* 添加一個(gè)新的sheet到指定excel文件
* @param fileName
* @param sheetName sheet的name
*/
public static void addNewSheet(String fileName,String sheetName) {
Workbook wb = null;
try {
wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
// 打開(kāi)一個(gè)文件副本,并指定數(shù)據(jù)寫(xiě)回原文件.
WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(fileName),
wb);
// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的sheet到第2頁(yè)的位置
String[] sheetNames = wb.getSheetNames();
for(int i=0;i<sheetNames.length;i++){
if(sheetNames[i].equals(sheetName)){
System.out.println("已經(jīng)存在了,不用添加了." );
return ;
}
}
WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet(sheetName, 1);
sheet.addCell(new Label(0, 0, "新加的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)"));
book.write();
book.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("出現(xiàn)異常" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
wb.close();
}
}
}
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