DataSet導(dǎo)出到Excel比較完整的解決方案(一)--客戶端生成文件

命運之輪 2010-05-06

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有一客戶需求：

1、要從SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫導(dǎo)出并生成Excel ;

2、用戶下載對應(yīng)的Excel并填寫上傳再導(dǎo)入到SQL server。

費了將近六個小時，故一定要把過程寫下來，希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的彎路。

首先，想到的是直接導(dǎo)出到客戶端，代碼如下：

public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName)

{

if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }

Response.Clear();

//Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);

HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312";

//Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";

//Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";

Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");

System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter();

HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW);

DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();

dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0];

dg.DataBind();

dg.RenderControl(oHW);

Response.Write(oSW.ToString());

Response.Flush();

Response.Close();

}

這樣生成是生成了！客戶也可以用Excel直接打開并編輯，問題來了！上傳時出錯，仔細看看生成的Excel.xls,

用記事本打開，內(nèi)容大致如下：

<tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr><tr>

</tr>

</table>

原來，就是純粹的html格式，披了件Excel的外衣。這樣用戶傳上來的文件當(dāng)然不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Excel格式了！

于是，想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文檔，方法如下：

/// <summary>

/// 執(zhí)行導(dǎo)出

/// </summary>

/// <param name="ds">要導(dǎo)出的DataSet</param>

/// <param name="strExcelFileName">要導(dǎo)出的文件名</param>

public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)

{

System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc;

excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);

const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>\r\n<Workbook " +

"xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n" +

" xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n " +

"xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas- microsoft-com:office:" +

"excel\"\r\n xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" +

"office:spreadsheet\">\r\n <Styles>\r\n " +

"<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n " +

"<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n <Borders/>" +

"\r\n <Font/>\r\n <Interior/>\r\n <NumberFormat/>" +

"\r\n <Protection/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +

"<Style ss:ID=\"BoldColumn\">\r\n <Font " +

"x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +

"<Style ss:ID=\"StringLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat" +

" ss:Format=\"@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +

"ss:ID=\"Decimal\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +

"ss:Format=\"0.0000\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +

"<Style ss:ID=\"Integer\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +

"ss:Format=\"0\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +

"ss:ID=\"DateLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +

"ss:Format=\"mm/dd/yyyy;@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +

"</Styles>\r\n ";

const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>";

int rowCount = 0;

int sheetCount = 1;

<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"

xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"

xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"

xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">

<Font/>

</Style>

</Style>

</Style>

</Style>

</Style>

</Style>

</Styles>

</Worksheet>

</Workbook>

excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);

excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");

excelDoc.Write("<Table>");

excelDoc.Write("<Row>");

for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++)

{

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"BoldColumn\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">");

excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

}

excelDoc.Write("</Row>");

foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows)

{

rowCount++;

//if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output

if (rowCount == 64000)

{

rowCount = 0;

sheetCount++;

excelDoc.Write("</Table>");

excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");

excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");

excelDoc.Write("<Table>");

}

excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "

for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++)

{

System.Type rowType;

rowType = x[y].GetType();

switch (rowType.ToString())

{

case "System.String":

string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();

XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();

XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");

XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");

XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");

excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

case "System.DateTime":

//Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by

//the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000

//The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate

//to the format above

DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];

string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date

XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +

"-" +

(XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +

XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +

"-" +

(XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +

XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +

"T" +

(XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +

XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +

":" +

(XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +

XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +

":" +

(XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +

XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +

".000";

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"DateLiteral\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">");

excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

case "System.Boolean":

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");

excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

case "System.Int16":

case "System.Int32":

case "System.Int64":

case "System.Byte":

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Integer\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");

excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

case "System.Decimal":

case "System.Double":

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Decimal\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");

excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

case "System.DBNull":

excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +

"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");

excelDoc.Write("");

excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");

break;

default:

throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));

}

excelDoc.Write("</Row>");

}

excelDoc.Write("</Table>");

excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");

excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);

excelDoc.Close();

}

可惜，生成的倒是XML格式了，但還是上傳格式不正確，考慮到客戶端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等，決定放棄保存Excel到客戶端的方式。

第三種嘗試方案：用cvs保存，將第一種方法改為：

Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");

生成格式大致如下：

"品名","最高價格","最低價格","平均價格","計量單位","備注"

"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""

"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""

"冬春筍","","","","元/公斤",""

"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""

"櫻桃蘿卜","","","","元/公斤",""

"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""

"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""

"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""

"黃瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

導(dǎo)入到SQL Server時有多種方法：

給出簡要代碼：

public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn)

{

int intColCount = 0;

bool blnFlag = true;

DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName");

DataColumn mydc;

DataRow mydr;

string strline;

string[] aryline;

System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);

int FlagFirst =1;

while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null)

{

//if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; }

strline = strline.Replace("\n", "");

strline = strline.Replace("\r", "");

strline = strline.Replace("\t", "");

//aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' });

aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' });

if (blnFlag)

{

blnFlag = false;

intColCount = aryline.Length;

for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++)

{

mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]);

mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);

}

mydr = mydt.NewRow();

for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++)

{

mydr[i] = aryline[i];

}

mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);

FlagFirst++;

}

mysr.Close();

mysr.Dispose();

return mydt;

}

也有人給出方案，直接從cvs中讀取

public static string PreFilePath=@"c:\Excel\";

public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";

public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename)

{

OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn);

DataSet dscsv = new DataSet();

try

{

string strsql = "select * from " + filename; //filename, for example: 1.csv

OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn);

odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);

return dscsv;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

throw ex;

}

嘗試失?。。?/p>

Code Project 上有篇文章，

A Fast CSV Reader

也可以試試。

雖然也可以湊合用，但總覺得CVS出錯的可能性更大。

到此，決定放棄客戶端生成的方式,請看下篇

DataSet導(dǎo)出到Excel比較完整的解決方案(二)--服務(wù)器端生成文件(downmoon)

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DataSet導(dǎo)出到Excel比較完整的解決方案(一)--客戶端生成文件

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