The purpose of this research is to investigate the qualitative different conceptions of leadership in Traditional Chinese Medicine. We used a phenomenographic approach in this qualitative health research. Findings reveal 5 conceptions as understood by 3 Chinese focus groups in Macau and Hong Kong: leadership in TCM as refining human relationships, as relating to self, as knowing the balance, as good management practice, and as embracing cultural environment. Underlying the structural relationships of the conceptions, we identified core values associated with traditional Chinese culture: people centredness, a moral element and the affective element. Conceptions of leaderships in TCM are embedded in the social, cultural and historical contexts. Understanding obtained from these views helps us to appreciate the leadership of TCM in the health care area and in our lives as a whole. It is the awareness of these differences that enriches us and makes us more human.