現(xiàn)代瑜珈之父-Krishnamacharya的傳奇
現(xiàn)代瑜珈之父-Krishnamacharya
摘要自http://www./wisdom/465_1.cfm
1. 4大門徒
his four most famous disciples—Jois, Iyengar, Devi, and Krishnamacharya‘s son,
T.K.V. Desikachar.
Krishnamacharya最有名的4大門徒-Pattabhi Jois 、B.K.S. Iyengar 、T.K
Desikachar（Krishnamacharya的兒子）及Indra Devi。
Indra Devi
*Krishnamacharya瑜珈系統(tǒng)是Iyengar, Ashtanga及 Viniyoga瑜珈系統(tǒng)的根源
（Krishnamacharya-based styles）。
He never crossed an ocean, but Krishnamacharya‘s yoga has spread through Euro
Asia, and the Americas.
Krishnamacharya不曾漂洋過(guò)海，但其瑜珈系統(tǒng)卻傳遍歐洲，亞洲及美洲。
第二代門徒
Rodney Yee, who appears in many popular videos, studied with Iyengar.
華人Rodney Yee出版許多瑜珈教學(xué)影像的瑜珈老師，他的老師是B.K.S. Iyengar。
Richard Hittleman, a well-known TV yogi of the 1970s, trained with Devi.
Richard Hittleman在1970年代很有名的電視瑜珈修行者，他的老師是Indra Devi。
3.簡(jiǎn)史
The yoga world Krishnamacharya inherited at his birth in 1888.
瑜珈世界傳承自Krishnamacharya的出生1888年
his father initiated him into yoga at age five.
在5歲時(shí)他的父親開(kāi)始教他瑜珈
Sri Ramamohan Brahmachari, one of the few remaining hatha yoga masters.
他的瑜珈老師Sri Ramamohan Brahmachari是印度少數(shù)的哈達(dá)瑜珈大師
he lived with his spouse and three children in a remote cave.
Brahmachari和他太太及3個(gè)小孩住在人跡罕至的洞穴
he spent seven years with this teacher.
Krishnamacharya跟他老師學(xué)習(xí)7年
he mastered 3,000 asanas and developed some of his most remarkable skills, such as stopping his pulse.
Krishnamacharya學(xué)會(huì)了3000多種體位法及發(fā)展了特別的功法ex.停止脈搏。
Brahmachari asked his loyal student to return to his homeland to teach yoga and establish a household.
Brahmachari要求他的忠實(shí)學(xué)生回到自己的故鄉(xiāng)教瑜珈及成立自己的家庭。
In the 1920s, teaching yoga wasn‘t profitable. Krishnamacharya was forced to take a job as a foreman at a coffee plantation.
在1920年代在印度教瑜珈是不被允許的。Krishnamacharya回鄉(xiāng)后找到一份種植咖啡的工作。
To teach people about yoga, Krishnamacharya felt, he first had to get their attention. These demonstrations, included suspending his pulse, stopping cars with his bare hands, performing difficult asanas, and lifting heavy objects with his teeth.
Krishnamacharya發(fā)覺(jué)要教人瑜珈前第一應(yīng)先讓人注意。他示范表演包括：暫停脈搏、用空手停下汽車、表演困難的體位法及用牙齒舉起重物。
Krishnamacharya‘s fortunes improved in 1931 when he received an invitation to teach at the Sanskrit College in Mysore.
時(shí)來(lái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，在1931年Krishnamacharya獲得在Mysore的Sanskrit學(xué)院教授瑜珈的邀請(qǐng)。
Thus began one of Krishnamacharya‘s most fertile periods, during which he developed what is now known as Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga.
Krishnamacharya最有創(chuàng)造力的時(shí)期-他發(fā)展出目前很有名的八支串聯(lián)瑜伽
Krishnamacharya standardized the pose sequences into three series consisting of primary, intermediate, and advanced asanas.
Krishnamacharya將體位法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化分成3級(jí)- primary, intermediate, 及 advanced 體位法。
Perhaps this method, originally designed for youngsters, provides our high-energy, outwardly-focused culture with an approachable gateway to a path of deeper spirituality.
也許八支串聯(lián)瑜伽原始為年輕瑜珈士設(shè)計(jì)，提供我們高能量及外在集中的文化，是進(jìn)入更深沉精神世界的網(wǎng)關(guān)。
Though Krishnamacharya developed this manner of performing yoga during the 1930s, it remained virtually unknown in the West for almost 40 years. Recently, it‘s become one of the most popular styles of yoga, mostly due to the work of one of Krishnamacharya‘s most faithful and famous students, K. Pattabhi Jois.
雖Krishnamacharya在1930年代發(fā)展此瑜珈系統(tǒng)，但在此后40年后西方世界仍不認(rèn)識(shí)他。近來(lái)八支串聯(lián)瑜伽變成最受歡迎的瑜珈系統(tǒng)是因?yàn)槠渥钪覍?shí)及有名的學(xué)生K. Pattabhi Jois.
4. K. Pattabhi Jois
As a robust boy of 12, Jois attended one of Krishnamacharya‘s lectures.
K. Pattabhi Jois在12歲時(shí)參加Krishnamacharya的演講
Jois asked Krishnamacharya to teach him yoga. Lessons started the next day, hours before the school bell rang, and continued every morning for three years until Jois left home to attend the Sanskrit College.
之后K. Pattabhi Jois要求Krishnamacharya教他瑜珈。隔天在上學(xué)前Jois開(kāi)始學(xué)瑜珈持續(xù)3年一直到他到梵語(yǔ)大學(xué)教瑜珈課為止。
5. 瑜珈第一夫人Indra Devi
she was born Zhenia Labunskaia, in pre-Soviet Latvia
她出生在Zhenia Labunskaia前蘇聯(lián) 拉脫維亞
At first, Krishnamacharya refused to teach her. He told her that his school accepted neither foreigners nor women.
一開(kāi)始Krishnamacharya拒絕教她因在其瑜珈學(xué)校不教外國(guó)人也不教女士
But Devi persisted, persuading the Maharaja to prevail on his Brahmin. Reluctantly, Krishnamacharya started her lessons
但Devi堅(jiān)持最后說(shuō)服Krishnamacharya開(kāi)始教她瑜珈
After a year-long apprenticeship, Krishnamacharya instructed Devi to become a yoga teacher.
經(jīng)一年的學(xué)習(xí)Krishnamacharya訓(xùn)練Devi變成一位瑜珈老師
Over the years after her studies with Krishnamacharya, Devi founded the first school of yoga in Shanghai, China, where Madame Chiang Kai-Shek became her student.
與Krishnamacharya又經(jīng)一年的學(xué)習(xí), Devi在中國(guó)上海成立第一所瑜珈學(xué)校,蔣介石先生的夫人亦是其學(xué)生
In 1947 she moved to the United States. Living in Hollywood, she became known as the "First Lady of Yoga,"
在1947年她搬到美國(guó)駐在好萊塢，成為有名的” 瑜珈第一夫人”
she moved to Argentina in 1985. Argentina‘s President Menem came for her blessings and advice.
在1985年她搬到阿根廷。阿根廷總統(tǒng)Menem拜訪她接受其祝福及建議
Though Devi died in April, 2002 at the age of 102, her six yoga schools are still active in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Until three years ago, she still taught asanas.
雖Devi在2002年4月離開(kāi)人世享年102歲，但她創(chuàng)辦的6個(gè)瑜珈學(xué)校仍然在阿根廷首都布宜諾斯艾利斯運(yùn)作。一直到3年前她仍教授體位法。
6. B.K.S. Iyengar
Krishnamacharya‘s wife was Iyengar‘s sister
Krishnamacharya的太太是Iyengar的姊姊
And, like Krishnamacharya, Iyengar never hesitated to innovate. He largely abandoned his mentor‘s vinyasa style of practice. Instead, he constantly researched the nature of internal alignment, considering the effect of every body part, even the skin, in developing each pose.
和Krishnamacharya一樣Iyengar不曾停止創(chuàng)新。他放棄他老師的串聯(lián)動(dòng)作型式的練習(xí)。取而代之的是他繼續(xù)深入研究?jī)?nèi)在與自然的結(jié)合，思考體位法對(duì)身體每一部份的影響，甚至包含皮膚，發(fā)展每一體位法。
It‘s hard to imagine how our yoga would look without Iyengar‘s contributions, especially his precisely detailed, systematic articulation of each asana, his research into therapeutic applications, and his multi-tiered, rigorous training system which has produced so many influential teachers.
很難想象若瑜珈無(wú)Iyengar的貢獻(xiàn)會(huì)變成如何，尤其是在對(duì)每一體位法精確細(xì)節(jié)的解釋及有系統(tǒng)的連接，他的研究進(jìn)入到治療的應(yīng)用，其多階層及精確嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)深深的影響后進(jìn)的瑜珈老師。
(待續(xù)) |
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